Ch. 20 Concept Application

Vasculature located throughout the body serves to deliver minerals needed for the formation of ____ structures.

Skeletal system

E. After exiting the capillary, _____ contain no muscle and are the first vessel that blood enters on its way back to the heart.

Venules

C. Just prior to entering capillary beds, ___ have become extremely thin and present only a few layers of smooth muscle.

arterioles

As a form of communication, the ___ required secreted chemicals to be transported throughout the body by the cardiovascular system.

endocrine system

Regulation of the blood flow to the tissues of the skin affects the activity of sweat glands of the ___.

integumentary system

B. The _____ expand and recoil with every heartbeat due to a histologically dominant network of elastic tissue in the tunica media.

large (elastic) arteries

G. The vena cavae is an example of a ___ that includes smooth muscle circularly and longitudinally arranged in the tunica media and external respectively.

large vein

White blood cells and agglutinins of the ____ are readily transported to areas of localized trauma through the vasculature.

lymphatic system

Dividing by three the difference between the highest and lowest pressure measure on the arterial walls during the heart cycle is ____ and reflects on overall value of stress on the vasculature.

mean arterial pressure

F. The ____ contains abundant but irregularly spaced smooth muscle with frequent valves present in the tunica interna.

medium veins

High rates of activity of the _____ produce large quantities of heat which can be absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to the skin where it will be released to the environment in the form of sweat.

muscular system

Regulation of vessel diameter, blood volume, and heart function demonstrate ___ action on cardiovascular function.

nervous system

Subtracting the SBP from the DBP results in ___ which is directly proportional to the overall strength of one's pulse.

pulse pressure

Regulation of the ___ relies on the transportation of FSH, LH, OT, and PRL throughout the body.

reproductive system

The ____ relies on the cardiovascular system for the transportation of all gaseous elements throughout the body.

respiratory system

The highest pressure exerted on the arterial walls during the heart cycle is referred to as ___.

systolic blood pressure

Blood carrying nitrogenous, and other waste products, to the kidneys for excretion is an example of ____ reliance on the cardiovascular system.

urinary system

Venous origins Drag each label to the appropriate position to identify whether the given vessel empties directly into the vena cavae or into another (other) named vessel. Vena cavae

- Azygos veins - Lumbar veins - Hepatic - Renal - Left brachiocephalic

Blood Flow Indicate whether the given condition would increase or decrease blood flow with all other factors being equal. decrease flow

- Increasing blood viscosity - Increasing red blood cell count - Erythropoietin hyper secretion (or injection) - Increased resistance - Increasing vessel length - Dehydration - Vasoconstriction

Blood Flow Indicate whether the given condition would increase or decrease blood flow with all other factors being equal. increase flow

- Increasing vessel radius - increasing blood pressure - increasing blood velocity - Aldosterone hyper secretion

Arterial origins Drag each label to the appropriate position to identify whether the given vessel directly arises from the aorta or from another (other) named vessel. Other

- Internal iliac - Jejunal - Pancreatic - Right subclavian - Sigmoid - Common hepatic - Splenic - Left axillary

Arterial origins Drag each label to the appropriate position to identify whether the given vessel directly arises from the aorta or from another (other) named vessel. Aorta

- Left common carotid - Esophageal - Superior mesenteric - Gonadal - Bronchial - Celiac trunk - Lumbar - Renal

Artery and vein functions Drag each label into the appropriate position to identify whether the characteristic is indicative of arteries or veins. Veins

- Loosely referred to as "capacitance vessels" - Usually denoted in blue - Collapsed when empty - Contain the majority of blood at any one time - Provide for the relatively consistent velocity of blood flow - Rely on the respiratory and skeletal muscular pumps to propel blood

Artery and vein functions Drag each label into the appropriate position to identify whether the characteristic is indicative of arteries or veins. Arteries

- Loosely termed "resistance vessels" - Usually carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body - Exhibit greater ability to alter vessel diameter - Loosely termed "pressure reservoirs" - Pulsatile flow of blood

Artery and vein anatomy Drage each label into the appropriate position to identify whether the characteristic is indicative of arteries or veins. Veins

- Marked by a comparatively larger circumference - Contain valves - Superficial locations - Marked by convergence - Marked by comparatively larger lumen - Sites used for blood donation

Artery and vein anatomy Drage each label into the appropriate position to identify whether the characteristic is indicative of arteries or veins Arteries

- Marked by divergence - Profuse elastic fibers in the tunica media - Thicker layers of smooth muscle - Marked by relatively thicker walls - Higher wall-to-lumen ratio

Venous origins Drag each label to the appropriate position to identify whether the given vessel empties directly into the vena cavae or into another (other) named vessel. Other

- Posterior intercostal veins - Superior mesenteric - Gastric - Gastro-omental - Femoral - Axial - Cystic

Vascular system of the brain Place the following vessels in the order through which blood would pass, beginning with blood entering the systemic circuit after exiting the heart.

1. Aorta 2. Brachiocephalic trunk 3. Right Common Carotid Artery 4. Right Internal Carotid Artery 5. Cerebral arterial circle 6. Cavernous sinus 7. Right internal jugular vein 8. Right brachiocephalic vein 9. Superior vena cava

Vascular system of the upper extremity Place the following vessels in the order through which blood would pass, beginning with blood entering the systemic circuit after exiting the heart.

1. Aorta 2. Brachiocephalic trunk 3. Right subclavian artery 4. Axillary artery 5. Brachial artery 6. Ulnar artery 7. Venous palmar arches 8. Basilic vein 9. Axillary vein 10. Subclavian vein 11. Brachiocephalic vein 12. Superior vena cava

Vascular system of the lower extremity Place the following vessels in the order through which blood would pass, beginning with blood entering the systemic circuit after exiting the heart.

1. Ascending aorta 2. Aortic arch 3. Descending aorta 4. Abdominal aorta 5. Common iliac artery 6. External iliac artery 7. Femoral artery 8. Popliteal artery 9. Posterior tibial artery 10. Posterior tibial vein 11. Popliteal vein 12. Femoral vein 13. External iliac vein 14. Common iliac vein 15. Inferior vena cava

Blood flow sequencing Place the following vessels in the order through which blood would pass, beginning with blood entering the systemic circuit after exiting the heart.

1. Conducting arteries 2. Distributing arteries 3. Resistance arteries 4. Arterioles 5. Capillaries 6. Post-capillary venules 7. Muscular venules 8. Medium veins 9. Venus sinuses 10. Large veins

A. The ____ is the first vessel blood enters upon exiting the heart.

Aorta

D. The site of gaseous exchange, or ____, are characterized by extremely thin walls with only endothelium and basal lamina which better suits diffusional requirements.

Capillaries

The _____ is measured when the heart is relaxing and represents the lowest pressure exerted in the walls of the arteries during the heart cycle.

diastolic blood pressure

Blood flowing through the hepatic portal vein is an example of ____ function where nutrients, that are absorbed from the GI tract, are filtered and processed by the liver prior to entering the general circulation.

digestive system