Ch. 21 Collective Behavior & Social Movements

Crowd-protest

A collection of people who gather to protest a political, social, cultural, or economic issue

Crowd - casual,

A collection of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time.

Crowd-conventional

A collection of ppl who gather for a specific purpose

Crowd-expressive

A collection of ppl who gather primarily to be excited & to express one or more emotions

Rumor

A story based on unreliable sources that is nonetheless passed on from one person to another person.

Social movement-religious

Aims to reinforce religious beliefs among their members & to convert other people to these beliefs.

Riot-purposive

Arises from dissatisfaction over a particular issue & is intended to achieve a specific goal regarding that issue

Social movement-political

Changes they seek are political in nature (reform & revolutionary)

Riot - protest

Expresses discontent over a political, social, cultural, or economic issue.

Riot-symbolic

Expresses general discontent but does not really aim to achieve a specific goal

Riot-celebration

Expresses joy or delight over an event or outcome

Social movement-revolutionary

Goes a step beyond a reform movement by seeking to overthrow the existing gov't & to bring about a new one & even a new way of life.

Riot-issueless

Has no apparent basis or purpose.

Social movement-self-help

Involves people trying to improve aspects of their personal lives

Crowd-acting

One step beyond an expressive crowd by behaving in violent or other destructive behavior

Social movement-reform

Seeks limited, though still significant, changes in some aspect of a nation's political, economic, or social systems

Riot-revelous

The same as a celebration riot

Social movement-reactionary

Tries to block social change or to reverse social change that have already been achieved

Craze

a temporary activity that attracts the obsessive enthusiasm of a relatively small group of people

Fad

an insignificant activity or product that is popular for a relatively short time

Disaster behavior

how people behave during and after a disaster

Collective behavior

relatively spontaneous and relatively unstructured behavior by large numbers of individuals acting with or being influenced by other individuals

Contagion Theory

theory that says collective behavior is emotional & irrational, & results from the hypnotic influence of the crowd

Value-added Theory (Structural-Strain Theory)

theory that says collective behavior results when several conditions exist, including structural strain, generalized beliefs, precipitating factors, & lack of social control

Convergence Theory

theory that says crowd behavior reflects the beliefs & intentions that individuals already share before they join a crowd

Emergent Norm Theory

theory that says people aren't sure how to behave when they begin to interact in collective behavior, so they discuss their potential behavior & norms of their behavior emerge, & social order & rationality then guide their behavior

Political Opportunity Theory

theory that says social movements are more likely to arise & succeed when political opportunities for their emergence exist or develop

Resource Mobilization Theory

theory that says that social movement activity is a rational response to unsatisfactory conditions in society

Relative deprivation

when people feel deprived relative to some other group or to some ideal state they have not reached

Moral panic

widespread concern over a perceived threat to the moral order that turns out to be false or greatly exaggerated

Mass hysteria

widespread, intense fear of & concern for a danger that turns out to be false or greatly exaggerated