Ch 26 urinary

___ is a hormone that regulates water permeability of the collecting duct

ADH

The kidney adds an hydroxyl group to calcidiol converting it to

Active vitamin d

Which molecule would you expect to have the most difficulty crossing the glomerular filtration membrane

Albumin

___ is a hormone that regulates sodium reabsorption by the distal convoluted tubule

Aldosterone

The glomerulus has the highest blood hydrostatic pressure of any capillary bed in the body because it is drained by the ____ arteriole which has ___ diameter than the arteriole feeding the glomerulus

Efferent, a smaller

The kidneys secrete the hormone ___ which stimulates rbc production

Erythropoietin

Special cells called ____ wrap ____ around the glomeruli to form negatively charged filtration slits

Podocytes, pedicles

3 regions of the male urethra are

Prostatic, membranous, and penile

The filtrate first passes from the glomerular capsule to the

Proximal convoluted tubule

Glomerular (bowmans) capsule and the glomerulus make up the

Renal corpuscle

The first step leading to angiotensin 2 production is the secretion of ___ by the kidneys

Renin

A low glomerular filtration rate will cause the juxtaglomerular cells to release ___ which will _____.

Renin, increase blood pressure

The kidneys do NOT

Secrete hormones that stimulate thirst

The internal urethral sphincter is made up of _____ muscle and contracts in response to ____ stimulation

Smooth, sympathetic

The thick segment of the ascending limb of the nephron loop is permeable to

Sodium, potassium, and chloride ions but not water

The kidneys secrete the enzyme renin which

Stimulates the formation of angiotensin 1 , which ultimately increases blood pressure

The blood vessels of the renal medulla that run alongside the nephron loops are

The Vasa recta

Immediately after the arcuate artery, blood flows into

The interlibrary arteries

The average adult must excrete at least _____ of urine per day to maintain a safe and stable concentration of urea in the blood

400 ml

The glomerular capsule and glomerulus make up

A renal corpuscle

Urea is a combination of

Ammonia and carbon dioxide

The interloper artery penetrates each renal column and gives off the ___ artery that runs at the boundary between the cortex and medulla

Arcuate

Which of these is not part of a nephron?

Collecting duct

Urine normally contains all of the following except

Glucose

If not for the concurrent multiplier, the kidneys could not produce

Hypertonic urine

The afferent and efferent arterioles come in contact with the DCT just outside the glomerular capsule. This complex is called the

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

The U-shaped segment of the nephron is the

Nephron loop (loop of henle )

If we follow the ureter into the kidney, we find that the first structure to arise from it is

The renal pelvis

The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by ___ epithelium

Transitional

The collecting duct reabsorbs not only water but also ___ thus contributing to the osmotic gradient of the renal medulla

Urea

Urine is carried away from the kidney to the bladder by a tube called the

Ureters

Urine is carried to the bladder by the

Ureters

Urine is eliminated through the

Urethra

The yellow color of urine is due to the pigment

Urochrome

The capillary bed associated with nephron loop in the juxtamedullary nephron is the

Vasa recta