Ch 26 urinary
___ is a hormone that regulates water permeability of the collecting duct
ADH
The kidney adds an hydroxyl group to calcidiol converting it to
Active vitamin d
Which molecule would you expect to have the most difficulty crossing the glomerular filtration membrane
Albumin
___ is a hormone that regulates sodium reabsorption by the distal convoluted tubule
Aldosterone
The glomerulus has the highest blood hydrostatic pressure of any capillary bed in the body because it is drained by the ____ arteriole which has ___ diameter than the arteriole feeding the glomerulus
Efferent, a smaller
The kidneys secrete the hormone ___ which stimulates rbc production
Erythropoietin
Special cells called ____ wrap ____ around the glomeruli to form negatively charged filtration slits
Podocytes, pedicles
3 regions of the male urethra are
Prostatic, membranous, and penile
The filtrate first passes from the glomerular capsule to the
Proximal convoluted tubule
Glomerular (bowmans) capsule and the glomerulus make up the
Renal corpuscle
The first step leading to angiotensin 2 production is the secretion of ___ by the kidneys
Renin
A low glomerular filtration rate will cause the juxtaglomerular cells to release ___ which will _____.
Renin, increase blood pressure
The kidneys do NOT
Secrete hormones that stimulate thirst
The internal urethral sphincter is made up of _____ muscle and contracts in response to ____ stimulation
Smooth, sympathetic
The thick segment of the ascending limb of the nephron loop is permeable to
Sodium, potassium, and chloride ions but not water
The kidneys secrete the enzyme renin which
Stimulates the formation of angiotensin 1 , which ultimately increases blood pressure
The blood vessels of the renal medulla that run alongside the nephron loops are
The Vasa recta
Immediately after the arcuate artery, blood flows into
The interlibrary arteries
The average adult must excrete at least _____ of urine per day to maintain a safe and stable concentration of urea in the blood
400 ml
The glomerular capsule and glomerulus make up
A renal corpuscle
Urea is a combination of
Ammonia and carbon dioxide
The interloper artery penetrates each renal column and gives off the ___ artery that runs at the boundary between the cortex and medulla
Arcuate
Which of these is not part of a nephron?
Collecting duct
Urine normally contains all of the following except
Glucose
If not for the concurrent multiplier, the kidneys could not produce
Hypertonic urine
The afferent and efferent arterioles come in contact with the DCT just outside the glomerular capsule. This complex is called the
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
The U-shaped segment of the nephron is the
Nephron loop (loop of henle )
If we follow the ureter into the kidney, we find that the first structure to arise from it is
The renal pelvis
The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by ___ epithelium
Transitional
The collecting duct reabsorbs not only water but also ___ thus contributing to the osmotic gradient of the renal medulla
Urea
Urine is carried away from the kidney to the bladder by a tube called the
Ureters
Urine is carried to the bladder by the
Ureters
Urine is eliminated through the
Urethra
The yellow color of urine is due to the pigment
Urochrome
The capillary bed associated with nephron loop in the juxtamedullary nephron is the
Vasa recta
