CH 53 Med Surg Assessment and Management of Patients with Male Reproductive Disorders

five major potential complications after prostatectomy are __, __, __, __, and __?

hemorrhage infection DVT catheter obstruction sexual dysfunction

two tumor markers that may be elevated in testicular cancer are __ and __?

human chorionic gonadotropin alph-fetoprotein

collection of fluid in the testes?

hydrocele

epididymitis

infection of the epididymis that usually descends from an infected prostate or urinary tract; also may develop as a complication of gonorrhea, chlamydia, or Escherichia coli

prostatitis

inflammation of the prostate gland caused by infectious agents (bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma) or various other problems (urethral stricture, prostatic hyperplasia)

prostatectomy

surgical removal of the entire prostate, the prostate urethra, and the attached seminal vesicles plus the ampulla of the vas deferens

the most common isolated organism that causes prostatitis is __?

Escherichia coli

a patient comes to the clinic reporting an inability to sustain an erection and is prescribed a PDE-5 inhibitor, sildenafil. Which medication will the nurse caution the patient about taking with this medication?

Isosorbide

hydrocele

a collection of fluid, generally in the tunica vaginalis of the testis, although it also may collect with the spermatic cord

a patient has demonstrated interest in obtaining a penile implant. which will the patient consider prior to making this decision? (select all that apply)

activities of daily living (ADLs) social activities expectations of the patient and partner

orchitis

acute inflammation of the testes (testicular congestion) caused by pyogenic, viral, spirochetal, parasitic, traumatic, chemical, or unknown factors

the nurse is educating a patient about performing testicular self-examination (TSE). which will the nurse inform the patient is the best time to perform the examination?

after a warm bath or shower

varicocele

am abnormal dilation of the veins of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum ( the network of veins from the testis and the epididymis, which constitute part of the spermatic cord)

priapism

an uncontrolled, persistent erection of the penis from either neural or vascular causes, including medications, sickle cell thrombosis, leukemic cell infiltration, spinal cord tumors, and tumor invasion of the penis or its vessels

the most commonly used medication for estrogen therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer is __; other hormonal therapies such as __, __, __, __ and __ suppress testicular androgen?

androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) lupron zoladex eulexin casodex nilandron

a patient is being treated for prostatitis and the nurse is providing education about treatment. which will the nurse include in the education of this patient?

avoid foods and liquids with diuretic action or that increase prostate secretions

identify seven symptoms that a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia might display?

frequency of urination nocturia urgency and sensation that the bladder has not emptied completely hesitancy in starting urination abdominal straining a decrease in volume and force of the urinary stream dribbling

phimosis

condition in which the foreskin is constricted so that it cannot be retracted over the glans; can occur congenitally or from inflammation and edema

failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum?

cryptorchidism

brachytherapy

delivery of radiation therapy through internal implants placed inside or adjacent to a tumor

a patient experiences hypotension, lethargy, and muscle spasms while receiving bladder irrigations after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). which is the first action the nurse should take?

discontinue the irrigations

a patient is planning to use a negative pressure vacuum device to maintain and sustain an erection. which will the nurse caution the patient about with the use of this device?

do not leave the constricting band in place for longer than 1 hour to avoid penile injury

retrograde ejaculation

during ejaculation, semen travels to the urinary bladder instead of exiting through the penis

infection of the epididymis?

epididymitis

circumcision

excision of the foreskin, or prepuce, of the glans penis

list four symptoms associated with prostatitis?

fever perineal prostatic pain dysuria and urinary tract symptoms (frequency, urgency, hesitancy, and nocturia)

the nurse is demonstrating the technique for performing a testicular self-examination (TSE) to a group of men for a company health fair. one of the men asks the nurse at what age a man should begin to performing TSE. which is the best response by the nurse?

it should begin in adolescence

men older than 50 years of age are at increased risk for genitourinary tract cancers including those of the __, __, __, and __?

kidney bladder prostate penis

__ and __ often decrease in many as two thirds of men older than 70 years of age?

libido potency

vasectomy

ligation and transection of part of the vas deferens, with or without removal of a segment of the vas, to prevent the passage of the sperm from the testes (synonym: male sterilization)

a patient informs the nurse that his father died of prostate cancer, and he wants to know ways in which to reduce risk factors for developing it. which education will the nurse give to the patient to decrease modifiable risk factors?

limit red meat and dairy products high in fat

testosterone

male sex hormone secreted by the testes, induces and preserves the male sex characteristics

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

noncancerous enlargement or hypertrophy of the prostate; the most common pathologic condition in older men

when developing an educational program for a group of adolescents about sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which will the nurse inform the group about the single greatest risk factor for contracting an STI?

number of sexual partners

a patient is having a digital rectal examination (DRE) in the health care providers office, and the nurse is to assist in the examination. which education will the nurse provide to decrease the discomfort from the examination?

take a deep breath and exhale when the health care provider inserts a gloved finger into the rectum

inflammation of the testes?

orchitis

a patient with an indwelling catheter after a radical prostatectomy is having bladder spasms. which medication prescribed by the primary provider can the nurse administer to help alleviate the discomfort?

oxybutynin

constricted foreskin of the penis?

phimosis

__ are the oral medications that are considered first-line therapy in the treatment of erectile dysfunction?

phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors

spermatogenesis

production of sperm in the testes

a patient is suspected to have prostate cancer related to observed clinical symptoms. which definitive test can the nurse assist with to confirm a diagnosis of prostate cancer?

prostate biopsy

the cells within the prostate gland produce a protein called the ___, which can be measured in the blood?

prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

two specific tests used to diagnose prostate cancer are __ and __?

prostate-specific antigen (PSA) digital rectal examination (DRE)

an obstructive complex characterized by increased urinary frequency?

prostatism

inflammation of the prostate gland?

prostatitis

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

resection of the prostate through endoscopy; the surgical and optical instrument is introduced directly through the urethra to the prostate, and the gland is then removed in small chips with an electrical cutting loop

__ occurs when semen travels towards the bladder instead of exiting through the penis resulting in intertility?

retrograde ejaculation

the testes have a dual function: __ and secretion of the male sex hormone __, which induces and preserves the male sex characteristics?

spermatogenesis testosterone

prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

substance that is produced by the prostate gland; is used in combination with digital rectal examination to screen for prostate cancer

androgen deprivation therapy

surgical (orchiectomy) or medical castration (ex with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonists)

cystostomy

surgical creation of an opening into urinary bladder

orchiectomy

surgical removal of one or both testes

a patient comes to the emergency department and tells the nurse, " I took pill to help me perform sexually and then passed out". the nurse is assessing the patient and finds a nitroglycerin patch on his back. Which is the first intervention the nurse must perform?

take the patients blood pressure

erectile dysfunction

the inability to either achieve or maintain an erection sufficient to accomplish sexual intercourse (synonym: impotence)

which factors will be considered when a patient is choosing a penile implant?

the patients activities of daily living social activities the expectations of the patient and his partner ongoing counseling for the patient and his partner is usually necessary to help them adapt to the prosthesis

__, a complication of prostatectomy, occurs in 80-95 % of patients?

urinary incontinence

the nurse is providing education to a patient about the decreasing the risk of penile cancer. which will the nurse tell the patient is the best way to decrease the risk of developing penile cancer?

use good genital hygiene

abnormal dilation of the veins in the scrotum?

varicocele

a patient is having brachytherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer and asks the nurse if he can have sex after radiation therapy is completed. which is the best response by the nurse?

you must be sure to use a condom for 2 weeks after implantation and then it will no longer be necessary