Ch.19 Intro to Nerves and the nervous system
A signal has reached the terminus of a client's nerve and is in the space where the nerve is closest to the effector cell in a muscle. At what location is this signal?
Synapse
What areas are mainly responsible for coordinating internal and external responses?
Thalamus and hypothalamus
GABA plays an important role in preventing overexcitability.
True
What part of the brain controls and coordinates muscle movement?
Cerebellum
After teaching a group of students about the functions of the nervous system, the instructor determines that the teaching was effective when the students identify that a function is:
Control of body functions
A patient has sustained an injury to the cerebellum. Which area would be the primary area for assessment?
Coordination
Which is the most primitive area of the brain and contains the brain stem?
Hindbrain
A client is brought to the emergency room following a motor vehicle accident in which the client sustained head trauma. The client reports blindness in the left eye. The nurse would be correct in documenting this abnormal finding as corresponding to which cerebral lobe?
Occipital
A client has had an injury to the cerebellum. The nurse is collecting data from the client and family to document in preparing an individualized nursing care plan. Which is the best description of the function of the cerebellum that has to be considered when collecting data from the client?
Responsible for muscle control
A nurse is reading an article about sleep and arousal that includes a discussion of a neurotransmitter. Which neurotransmitter would most likely be discussed?
Serotonin
A client is diagnosed with a sleep disorder. Which neurotransmitter is most likely to be dysfunctional for this client?
Serotonin
A client is experiencing major depressive disorder. Which neurotransmitter is most likely implicated?
Serotonin
A nurse is reviewing the structure and function of the blood--brain barrier . This anatomical feature would have the greatest effect on what aspect of nursing care?
Administering antibiotics to treat brain infections
Which would a nurse identify as a component of the hindbrain?
Brain stem
Which is considered a neurotransmitter and hormone released by the adrenal medulla?
Epinephrine
When levels of serotonin are high in the RAS, the system shuts off and what occurs?
Sleep
Information has been received by a client's neuron and transmitted into the cell body. What component of the neurologic system performed this function?
Dendrite
A stroke has caused an infarct in a client's cerebral cortex. What deficit should the nurse anticipate?
Diminished processing of intellectual information
A 46-year-old male client sustained a closed head injury four hours ago. He now presents to the emergency department because he is having difficulty breathing. This is a result of swelling around the:
Medulla Oblongata
The CNS structure containing groups of neurons responsible for vital cardiac, respiratory, and vasomotor functions is the:
Medulla Oblongata
A 10-year-old child has been playing soccer and sustains a closed head injury in a collision with another player. The parent states that the child was unconscious for 5 minutes. Upon admission to the emergency department, the child has difficulty breathing. What area of the brain will have developed cerebral edema?
Medulla oblongata
A client's nerve impulse is being conducted rapidly between Schwann cells. What component of the neurologic system is facilitating this rapid conduction?
Nodes of Ranvier
Which is an important function of serotonin?
Prevents depression
Several substances act as neurotransmitters in the human body. Which is a neurotransmitter?
acetylcholine
Norepinephrine is mainly:
an excitatory neurotransmitter that stimulates the brain to generalized increased activity.
An elderly client arrives at a health care facility with reports of loss of sensation. The nurse understands that a change in which part of the brain is responsible for changes in the client's ability to perceive sensation?
cerebral cortex
Which substance is required for brain cell metabolism?
glucose
What would be identified as the basic unit of the nervous system?
neuron
A patient reports depression and insomnia. A patient with these issues could have an abnormality of which neurotransmitter?
serotonin
Characteristics that allow neurons to communicate with other body cells include:
the ability to be stimulated and to convey electrical impulses.