Ch.2 Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice PrepU
A nursing student is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The student is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article (and the findings of the research) is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nursing student reading?
Abstract
In what way can a nurse differentiate strong research from poor research?
By critiquing the study
An obstetrical nurse wishes to identify whether clients' perceptions of a high level of support from their partner is associated with a decreased length of the second stage of labor. Which type of quantitative research is most appropriate for this research question?
Correlational research
What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice?
Evidence-based research
A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description?
Experimental research
A nurse admitting a patient to the home health service is gathering information for the patient's database. Within the database, the nurse gathers information on the patient's health history, past surgeries, diet, exercise, psychosocial status, family and support persons, and spirituality. This information will assist in the development of the client's plan of care. This is considered a
Holistic database
The nurse understands that general systems theory has important implications in nursing. Which of the following is an assumption of the general systems theory?
Human systems are open and dynamic.
What is the central theme of Betty Newman's nursing theory?
Humans are in a constant relationship with stressors in the environment.
Nurse researchers have predicted that a newly created mentorship program will result in decreased absenteeism, increased retention, and decreased attrition among a hospital's nursing staff. Which of the following does this predicted relationship represent?
Hypothesis
A student is conducting a literature review to identify a problem area for his research paper. Which of the following should the student remember when conducting a literature review?
Journal reference lists provide sources for original articles
When delivering nursing care, which of the following theories assists nurses in prioritizing the care to be implemented?
Maslow's theory
A nursing student is conducting a literature review via the Internet to identify a problem area that may be applicable in scope for nursing. When conducting the search, which of the following would be most important for the student to keep in mind?
MedLine is a reputable online database of nursing information.
What is the central theme of Florence Nightingale's nursing theory?
Meeting the personal needs of the client within the environment.
What is a systematic inquiry into the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of patient care?
Nursing research
Staff nurses in an ICU setting have noticed that their patients required less interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They passed their observations on to a nurse researcher and asked the researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized patients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?
Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health
A client who is a chronic alcoholic is admitted to the healthcare facility with cirrhosis of the liver, complaining of pain in the abdomen. The client expresses to the nurse that his family does not love and respect him because of his addiction to alcohol. He admits that is unable to perform his role as the bread winner of the family. Which of the following needs should be a priority for the nurse?
Pain in the abdomen
Which of the following principles underlies the ethical conduction of research in a hospital setting?
Patients must grant informed consent if they are to participate.
Which of the following research studies would be of most interest to a nurse manager?
Patricia Benner's From Novice to Expert
A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which of the following will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?
Preventing skin breakdown
The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) was established following a study in 1983. The center's purpose is to
Promote research for health promotion
The role of the institutional review boards for research studies is to
Protect the rights of human subjects
A nurse researcher is collecting nominal data. What type of research is being conducted?
Quantitative research
Which type of quantitative research is described as follows: to examine cause-and-effect relationships between selected variables?
Quasi-experimental
Which of the following skills is foundational for a nursing student's participation in the evidence-based practice process?
Read and understand a research article.
Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and
Use of outcome studies to guide decisions
A nurse researcher is conducting a scientific literature review. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse researcher to keep in mind?
Using a systematic approach for this step is most effective.
A client is brought to the emergency unit of a healthcare facility after a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following should be a priority nursing action?
Assess the airway and breathing
A nurse researcher has proposed a study that will examine the effects of a preoperative teaching module on patients' levels of anxiety. In order to carry out the study, the researcher needs to identify a test that can reliably quantify each participant's anxiety. Which of the following tools will accomplish this task?
A Instrument
A staff development nurse is asking a group of new staff nurses to read and be prepared to discuss a qualitative study that focuses on nursing events of the past. This is done in an attempt to increase understanding of the nursing profession today. What method of qualitative research is used in this article?
Historical
A conceptual framework is defined as
A set of concepts and propositions
Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs, when prioritizing a patient's plan of care, what would be the nurse's first priority?
Administering pain medication.
A nurse performs an initial assessment of the client admitted with stroke and prepares a nursing care plan along with the nursing diagnosis. Which of the following nursing diagnoses should be a priority for nursing intervention based on Maslow's theory of human needs?
Altered nutrition less than body weight
From 1900 to 1940, research in nursing focused on:
Nursing education and teaching
For which of the following research activities is a phenomenological research method most appropriate?
Attempting to understand non-English speaking immigrants' experiences of being hospital clients
What is the central theme of Hildegard Peplau's nursing theory?
Nursing is a therapeutic, interpersonal, and goal-oriented process.
Nursing research is linked most closely to what?
Nursing process
A group of students is reviewing information about evidence-based practice in preparation for an exam. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as associated with evidence-based practice?
Clinical expertise is integrated with external evidence.
The nurse understands that theoretical frameworks are important to the advancement of nursing knowledge and professional practice. Which of the following is a differentiating factor between theory and conceptual framework?
Conceptual frameworks have highly abstract and general concepts and propositions
When the nurse researcher informs the participant that his or her identity will not be linked with the information that is collected, the researcher is ensuring the participant's
Confidentiality
When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?
Evaluating practice change
Who is considered to be the first nursing researcher?
Florence Nightingale
Who of the following is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?
Florence Nightingale
Which of the following theories emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?
General systems theory
One of the primary focuses of nursing research is to do what?
Generate knowledge to guide practice
A male client 79 years of age who is postoperative Day 3 following hip replacement surgery has been approached by a nurse researcher and asked to participate in a research study. This study will test a new rehabilitation strategy. What aspect of the nursing research process addresses the client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of this study?
Going through the informed consent process with the client
What is the best explanation for the way evidence based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?
Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.
After reviewing several research articles, the clinical nurse specialist on a medical surgical unit rewrites the procedure on assessing placement of a nasogastric tube. What source of nursing knowledge did the nurse use in this situation?
Scientific knowledge
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of human needs, which of the following is the highest level of need(s)?
Self-actualization
In understanding the historical influences on nursing knowledge, nursing as a profession struggled for years to establish its own identify and to receive recognition for its contributions to health care. Why?
The conceptual and theoretical basis for nursing practice came from outside the profession.
How are the first stages of the nursing process and nursing research linked?
The nurse assesses problems initially.
A nursing student is formulating a problem statement for his research project. Which of the following will ensure that the study is a logical extension of the problem cited?
The population being studied is specified in the problem statement.
Of the following, which best explains the importance of theoretic frameworks?
Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice.
At the community healthcare center, an obese client realizes that sedentary habits have lead to obesity. The nurse encourages the client to start brisk walking every morning. Which of the following is an example of movement as per the change theory?
To start brisk walking in the morning