Learning curve Chp 15

What was the Union League, which began in the late 1860

A powerful political club for grassroots Radical Republicans

Which adjective accurately describes Republican state governments in the Reconstruction South

Ambitious in goals

What did the presidential candidates of 1876, Samuel J. Tilden and Rutherford B. Hayes, have in common

Both supported the idea of southern home rule

Under President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan, how could high-ranking Confederate military officers regain their property and win amnesty

By petitioning the president

How did the Supreme Court ruling in U.S. v. Cruikshank (1876) weaken the Fourteenth Amendment

By saying it did not apply to the actions of private citizens

Why did Congress believe it was important for military commanders in the occupied South to supervise new state constitutional conventions

Congress wanted to ensure that new constitutions guaranteed black suffrage

Why was the outcome of the 1876 election given to an electoral commission to determine

Electoral votes from three states were disputed

What was the primary reason Republican governments across the South fell one by one to Democrats in the mid-1870s

Ex-Confederate politicians, using terrorism, silenced the black and Republican vote

Which statement describes African Americans who emerged as political leaders during the period of Republican rule in the South

Formerly free blacks and skilled slaves

Where did American women first win the right to vote

In Wyoming through territorial law

By the late 1870s, how did the majority of freedmen and freedwomen in the South live

In poverty with uncertain political rights

What general trend can be seen in the Reconstruction measures shown in this table

Increasing congressional efforts to ensure the rights of African Americans

In which state did Reconstruction-era governments last the longest

Louisiana

Race riots that occurred in 1866 in which of the following cities increased Republicans' determination to reform the South

Memphis

Why did the Democratic loser of the contested 1876 election, Samuel Tilden, urge Democratic House members to go along with the decision of the electoral commission

Republican candidate Hayes had indicated his willingness to offer substantial patronage to the South

In an 1865 published letter to his former master in Tennessee, Jourdon Anderson asked "if there would be any safety for my Milly and Jane. . . . I would rather stay here and starve—and die, if it come to that—than have my girls brought to shame by the violence and wickedness of their young masters." Judging by this statement, what was one of the most important benefits of black freedom after the Civil War

Safety from a master's sexual violence

African Americans constituted a majority in the lower house of which state legislature in 1868

South Carolina

African American colleges and universities, like Fisk, Tougaloo, and the Hampton Institute, which formed during Reconstruction, first focused on training freedmen for what purpose

Teaching

What do you think the cartoonist of the English magazine Puck was trying to convey with the cartoon showing President Grant and his cabinet in an impossible acrobatic stunt

The extent of corruption in the Grant administration made a third term unlikely

According to the Fourteenth Amendment, which of the following granted U.S. citizenship

The federal government

Which provision did the Senate remove from the original civil rights bill of 1870 when it passed the law in 1875

The requirement for integration of churches The requirement for integration of churches

In the election of 1876, on what grounds did Republican officials certify the states of Louisiana, Florida, and South Carolina for Rutherford B. Hayes

There was ample evidence of Democratic voter fraud

What set classical liberals apart from other Republicans in the early 1870s

They believed in free trade, small government, and limited voting rights

Why were the odds stacked against freedmen who became sharecroppers

They could not escape debt

Why did many Republicans believe after 1874 that Reconstruction needed to end

They had suffered a stunning defeat in the 1874 midterm elections

What does the map suggest about the nature of southern black institutions during Reconstruction

They had to form beyond the borders of plantations

What did Republicans in Congress do in 1865 to block implementation of President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan

They refused to admit southern delegates to Congress

Why were Supreme Court decisions of the 1870s and 1880s regarding the Civil War amendments and civil rights acts significant

They restricted the impact of these amendments and rulings

Why did some Republicans in the Senate vote to acquit President Andrew Johnson of criminal misconduct at the end of his impeachment trial

They thought that removing a president over a policy dispute would be a dangerous precedent

During Reconstruction, the term "scalawag" referred to what group of southern whites

Those who supported Reconstruction

In the South of the late 1800s, sharecroppers found themselves tied to the land and in debt to landlords and merchants in a system of forced labor known as

peonage