Learning curve Chp 15
What was the Union League, which began in the late 1860
A powerful political club for grassroots Radical Republicans
Which adjective accurately describes Republican state governments in the Reconstruction South
Ambitious in goals
What did the presidential candidates of 1876, Samuel J. Tilden and Rutherford B. Hayes, have in common
Both supported the idea of southern home rule
Under President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan, how could high-ranking Confederate military officers regain their property and win amnesty
By petitioning the president
How did the Supreme Court ruling in U.S. v. Cruikshank (1876) weaken the Fourteenth Amendment
By saying it did not apply to the actions of private citizens
Why did Congress believe it was important for military commanders in the occupied South to supervise new state constitutional conventions
Congress wanted to ensure that new constitutions guaranteed black suffrage
Why was the outcome of the 1876 election given to an electoral commission to determine
Electoral votes from three states were disputed
What was the primary reason Republican governments across the South fell one by one to Democrats in the mid-1870s
Ex-Confederate politicians, using terrorism, silenced the black and Republican vote
Which statement describes African Americans who emerged as political leaders during the period of Republican rule in the South
Formerly free blacks and skilled slaves
Where did American women first win the right to vote
In Wyoming through territorial law
By the late 1870s, how did the majority of freedmen and freedwomen in the South live
In poverty with uncertain political rights
What general trend can be seen in the Reconstruction measures shown in this table
Increasing congressional efforts to ensure the rights of African Americans
In which state did Reconstruction-era governments last the longest
Louisiana
Race riots that occurred in 1866 in which of the following cities increased Republicans' determination to reform the South
Memphis
Why did the Democratic loser of the contested 1876 election, Samuel Tilden, urge Democratic House members to go along with the decision of the electoral commission
Republican candidate Hayes had indicated his willingness to offer substantial patronage to the South
In an 1865 published letter to his former master in Tennessee, Jourdon Anderson asked "if there would be any safety for my Milly and Jane. . . . I would rather stay here and starve—and die, if it come to that—than have my girls brought to shame by the violence and wickedness of their young masters." Judging by this statement, what was one of the most important benefits of black freedom after the Civil War
Safety from a master's sexual violence
African Americans constituted a majority in the lower house of which state legislature in 1868
South Carolina
African American colleges and universities, like Fisk, Tougaloo, and the Hampton Institute, which formed during Reconstruction, first focused on training freedmen for what purpose
Teaching
What do you think the cartoonist of the English magazine Puck was trying to convey with the cartoon showing President Grant and his cabinet in an impossible acrobatic stunt
The extent of corruption in the Grant administration made a third term unlikely
According to the Fourteenth Amendment, which of the following granted U.S. citizenship
The federal government
Which provision did the Senate remove from the original civil rights bill of 1870 when it passed the law in 1875
The requirement for integration of churches The requirement for integration of churches
In the election of 1876, on what grounds did Republican officials certify the states of Louisiana, Florida, and South Carolina for Rutherford B. Hayes
There was ample evidence of Democratic voter fraud
What set classical liberals apart from other Republicans in the early 1870s
They believed in free trade, small government, and limited voting rights
Why were the odds stacked against freedmen who became sharecroppers
They could not escape debt
Why did many Republicans believe after 1874 that Reconstruction needed to end
They had suffered a stunning defeat in the 1874 midterm elections
What does the map suggest about the nature of southern black institutions during Reconstruction
They had to form beyond the borders of plantations
What did Republicans in Congress do in 1865 to block implementation of President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan
They refused to admit southern delegates to Congress
Why were Supreme Court decisions of the 1870s and 1880s regarding the Civil War amendments and civil rights acts significant
They restricted the impact of these amendments and rulings
Why did some Republicans in the Senate vote to acquit President Andrew Johnson of criminal misconduct at the end of his impeachment trial
They thought that removing a president over a policy dispute would be a dangerous precedent
During Reconstruction, the term "scalawag" referred to what group of southern whites
Those who supported Reconstruction
In the South of the late 1800s, sharecroppers found themselves tied to the land and in debt to landlords and merchants in a system of forced labor known as
peonage
