Ch.37 Review Q's (NCLEX Style)

A client weighing 132 lb is brought to the emergency department in status epilepticus. The physician asks the nurse to prepare diazepam (Valium) 0.25 mg/kg. How many milligrams will be given to this client? _______________________________ mg

15

A client with a brain tumor is complaining of a headache upon awakening. Which nursing action would the nurse take first? A) Elevate the head of the bed. B) Complete a head-to-toe assessment. C) Administer morning dose of anticonvulsant. D) Administer Percocet as ordered.

A) Elevate the head of the bed.

You are caring for a client with an inoperable brain tumor. What is a major threat to this client? A) Increased ICP B) Decreased ICP C) Hypervolemia D) Hypovolemia

A) Increased ICP

The home health nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse understands that the purpose of adding selegiline (Eldepryl) with carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) to the medication regime should result in which purpose? A) Slows the progression of the disease B) Replaces dopamine C) Relieves symptoms of dyskinesia D) Prevents side effects from Sinemet

A) Slows the progression of the disease

The nurse is caring for a client with trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux). The care plan for this client reflects the client's problem eating due to jaw pain. To assist the client in meeting the adequate nutritional needs, what should the nurse suggest? A) Take small meals of nutrient and calorie-dense food. B) Increase the intake of calcium and proteins. C) Include additional servings of fruits and raw vegetables. D) Include fish, liver, and chicken in diet.

A) Take small meals of nutrient and calorie-dense food.

The client is switched to a different dose of carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet). Which nursing assessment is primary during this time of medication change? A) Observe for jaundice. B) Assess for euphoria. C) Monitor vital sign fluctuation. D) Monitor for elevation of glucose levels.

C) Monitor vital sign fluctuation.

A client you are caring for experiences a seizure. What would be a priority nursing action? A) Restrain the client during the seizure. B) Insert a tongue blade between the teeth. C) Protect the client from injury. D) Suction the mouth during the convulsion.

C) Protect the client from injury.

Following a generalized seizure in a client, which nursing assessment is a priority for detailing the event? A) Seizure began at 1300 hours. B) The client cried out before the seizure began. C) Seizure was 1 minute in duration including tonic-clonic activity. D) Sleeping quietly after the seizure

C) Seizure was 1 minute in duration including tonic-clonic activity.

You are the nurse caring for a client with Guillain-BarrÈ syndrome (GBS). The client also has an ascending paralysis. Knowing the potential complications of the disorder, what should you keep always ready at the bedside? A) Nebulizer and thermometer B) Intubation tray and suction apparatus C) Blood pressure apparatus D) Incentive spirometer

B) Intubation tray and suction apparatus

An older client complains of a constant headache. A physical examination shows papilledema. What may the symptoms indicate in this client? A) Epilepsy B) Trigeminal neuralgia C) Hypostatic pneumonia D) Brain tumor

D) Brain tumor

The nurse is completing an assessment on a client with myasthenia gravis. Which of the following historical recounting provides the most significant evidence regarding when the disorder began? A) Shortness of breath B) Sensitivity to bright light C) Muscle spasms D) Drooping eyelids

D) Drooping eyelids

Which of the following assessment findings would indicate an increasing intracranial pressure (ICP) in a client with head trauma? Select all that apply. A) Stiff neck B) Generalized pain C) Glasgow Coma Scale of 15 D) Elevated systolic blood pressure E) Brisk pupil response F) Wide pulse pressure

D) Elevated systolic blood pressure F) Wide pulse pressure

Which topic is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for a client newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease? A) Involvement with diversion activities B) Enhancement of the immune system C) Establishing balanced nutrition D) Maintaining a safe environment

D) Maintaining a safe environment

The school nurse notes a 6-year-old running across the playground with his friends. The child stops in midstride, freezing for a few seconds. Then the child resumes his progress across the playground. The school nurse suspects what in this child? A) An absence seizure B) A myoclonic seizure C) A partial seizure D) A tonic-clonic seizure

A) An absence seizure

Which assessment finding is most important in determining nursing care for a client with bacterial meningitis? Select all that apply. A) Cloudy cerebral spinal fluid B) Pain and stiffness of the extremities C) Purpura of hands and feet D) Low white blood cell (WBC) count E) Low red blood cell (RBC) count F) Low antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels

A) Cloudy cerebral spinal fluid C) Purpura of hands and feet

The critical care nurse is caring for a client with bacterial meningitis. The client has developed cerebral vasculitis and increased ICP. What neurologic sequelae might this client develop? A) Damage to the nerves that facilitate vision and hearing B) Damage to the vagal nerve C) Damage to the olfactory nerve D) Damage to the facial nerve

A) Damage to the nerves that facilitate vision and hearing

The client with Guillain-BarrÈ syndrome is scheduled for plasmapheresis and is questioning how this process works. Which of the following statements by the nurse best describes plasmapheresis in the management of this syndrome? A) ìAntibodies that triggered the autoimmune response are removed from your blood.î B) ìThe blood removal allows for replacement of cleaner blood from a healthy person.î C) ìBlood transfusions are the gold standard for the treatment of this syndrome.î D) ìPlasma replacement dilutes the organisms that are causing the symptoms.î

A) ìAntibodies that triggered the autoimmune response are removed from your blood.î

A client, with a recent closed head injury, began experiencing partial (focal) seizures and asks the nurse to explain why this is happening. Which is the best response from the nurse? A) ìIt is not uncommon for seizure activity to occur after head trauma.î B) ìOnly a portion of your brain has been irritated.î C) ìGeneralized seizures are much worse and involve the entire brain.î D) ìElectrical impulses become confused and chaotic resulting in a seizure.î

A) ìIt is not uncommon for seizure activity to occur after head trauma.î

The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with a severe exacerbation of myasthenia gravis. When administering medications to this client, what is a priority nursing action? A) Assess client's reaction to new medication schedule. B) Administer medications at exact intervals ordered. C) Document medication given and dose. D) Give client plenty of fluids with medications.

B) Administer medications at exact intervals ordered.

A client, who was adopted at birth, recently discovers that Huntington's disease is prevalent in the biological family history. How can the nurse best assist the client in dealing with personal fears? A) Provide information of the progression of the disease. B) Encourage client to verbalize fears. C) Explain that inherited risk is 50%. D) Offer genetic testing.

B) Encourage client to verbalize fears.

The nurse is caring for a client with Guillain-BarrÈ syndrome. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for oral suctioning? A) Decreased pulse rate, respirations of 20 breaths/minute B) Increased pulse rate, adventitious breath sounds C) Increased pulse rate, respirations of 16 breaths/minute D) Decreased pulse rate, abdominal breathing

B) Increased pulse rate, adventitious breath sounds

Following a motorcycle accident, a client is brought to the emergency department with multiple fractures. Which assessment finding would be most significant in determining the client has also suffered a closed head injury with rising intracranial pressure? A) Blood pressure 100/60 mm Hg B) Lethargy C) Nausea D) Periorbital edema

B) Lethargy

Which of the following teaching points is a priority in the management of symptoms for a client with Bell's palsy? A) Avoid stimuli that trigger pain. B) Use ophthalmic lubricant and protect the eye. C) Encourage semiannual dental exams. D) Complete the course of antibiotics as prescribed.

B) Use ophthalmic lubricant and protect the eye.

The spouse of a client with terminal brain cancer asks the nurse about hospice. Which statement by the nurse best describes hospice care? A) ìHospice care uses a team approach and provides complete care.î B) ìClients and families are the focus of hospice care.î C) ìThe physician coordinates all the care delivered.î D) ìAll hospice clients die at home.î

B) ìClients and families are the focus of hospice care.î

A client is admitted for scheduled gamma-knife radiosurgery, in the treatment of a brain tumor. Which nursing measure is primary in the postsurgical care of this client? A) Assessing skull dressing for excess drainage B) Time, distance, and shielding against radiation C) Assess neurological findings. D) Maintain airway via artificial ventilation.

C) Assess neurological findings.

The nurse is caring for a client with mid-to-late stage of an inoperable brain tumor. What teaching is important for the nurse to do with this client? A) Optimizing nutrition B) Managing muscle weakness C) Explaining hospice care and services D) Offering family support groups

C) Explaining hospice care and services

A 50-year-old client is exhibiting progressive signs of Huntington's disease. The client verbalizes a wish to die and has become withdrawn. Poor appetite is noted, sleep pattern is disturbed, and the choreiform movements are worsening. Which nursing diagnosis best reflects the needs of this client? A) Impaired Home Maintenance B) Altered Nutrition C) Hopelessness D) Disturbed Sleep Pattern

C) Hopelessness

A client diagnosed with Huntington's disease has developed severe depression. What would be most important for the nurse to assess for? A) Loss of bowel and bladder control B) Choreiform movements C) Suicidal ideations D) Emotional apathy

C) Suicidal ideations

A client falls to the floor in a generalized seizure with tonic-clonic movements. Which is the first action taken by the nurse? A) Insert an airway or bite block. B) Manually restrain the extremities. C) Turn client to side-lying position. D) Monitor vital signs.

C) Turn client to side-lying position.

A client with increased intracranial pressure is receiving mannitol (Osmitrol) via intravenous infusion. Which assessment finding is most important in determining the effectiveness of this treatment? A) Blood pressure is rising. B) Level of consciousness is improving. C) Urine output is increased. D) Hyperpyrexia is resolving.

C) Urine output is increased.

The client presents to the walk-in clinic with fever, nuchal rigidity, and headache. Which of the following assessment findings would be most significant in the diagnosis of this client? A) Change in level of consciousness B) Vomiting C) Vector bites D) Seizures

C) Vector bites

A 30-year-old was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Which statement by the client would indicate a need for more teaching from the nurse? A) ìI will have progressive muscle weakness.î B) ìI will lose strength in my arms.î C) ìMy children are at greater risk to develop this disease.î D) ìI need to remain active for as long as possible.î

C) ìMy children are at greater risk to develop this disease.î

A client is exhibiting signs of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP). Which intravenous solution (IV) would the nurse anticipate hanging? A) Dextrose 5% in water (D5W) B) Half-normal saline (0.45% NSS) C) One-third normal saline (0.33% NSS) D) Mannitol (Osmitrol)

D) Mannitol (Osmitrol)

A client is receiving baclofen (Lioresal) for management of symptoms associated with multiple sclerosis. The nurse evaluates the effectiveness of this medication by assessing which of the following? A) Sleep pattern B) Mood and affect C) Appetite D) Muscle spasms

D) Muscle spasms