Chapt 16 post
If the cells of the body are not getting an adequate supply of oxygen, they begin to die. This state of inadequate oxygen supply is called:
hypoxia
You are managing a patient who you believe is severely hypoxic, and the pulse oximeter is not functioning properly. Given this information, what is the BEST thing you could do for the patient?
Start high-flow oxygen.
While you are listening to breath sounds, the patient should be in what anatomic position whenever possible?
Sitting upright
As the lead EMT on a call for a dyspneic patient, you are reviewing the medications the patient takes. If the clinical criteria are met for assisting the patient with the administration of a bronchodilator, which of the following would the EMT be unable to use?
Advair
You are treating a 45-year-old woman who has been struggling in trying to breathe. She has a history of COPD from years of smoking more than two packs of cigarettes a day. Aside from administering the appropriate amount of oxygen, what else is an appropriate treatment?
Assist the patient with her bronchodilator according to your protocols.
Where does the lower airway begin?
At the level of the vocal cords
Which of the following is consistent with normal breathing?
Bilateral breath sounds
A patient with which of the following signs indicates respiratory failure?
Central cyanosis, one- to two-word dyspnea, pulse oximeter reading of 84%
A 22-year-old woman tells you she is having a panic attack. Her vital signs are P110, R 36, BP 132/76, and her SPO2 is 99%. Which of the following is the appropriate treatment for this patient?
Coach her to slow her breathing.
Which assessment finding in a patient who is dyspneic is a clear indication of hypoxia?
Cyanosis
After administration of a bronchodilator, what would the EMT expect to hear during auscultation if the medication had its desired effect on the body?
Diminishment in wheezing
Pulmonary edema can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT:
a stroke.
After administering the 45-year-old female patient's bronchodilator, you notice that she continues to have considerable distress and her mental status is becoming altered. Aside from administering oxygen, what else should you be considering?
Getting out the bag-valve mask and preparing to assist ventilations
You are caring for a patient with a history of emphysema who has a primary complaint of shortness of breath and the following findings: pulse oximeter reading of 93 percent, heart rate 110, blood pressure 180/86, and respiratory rate 26/minute. You find the patient's skin to be diaphoretic with ashen fingers and toes. There are bilaterally diminished breath sounds with a slight expiratory wheeze, but alveolar sounds are still present. Given these findings, how would you characterize this patient's current ventilation adequacy?
He displays respiratory distress, and he is at risk for deterioration.
Which of the following conditions can initially present with lethargy and confusion?
Hypercarbia
Which area of the brain is responsible for the gross rate and rhythm of the breathing pattern?
Medulla oblongata
The EMT will encounter many patients with respiratory distress. Which of the following will be the most common cause?
Obstructive lung disease
What is the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis?
Overabundant production of mucus in the lower airways
Your patient woke up in the middle of the night with extreme shortness of breath. He says that he has a "cardiac history" and always sleeps with three pillows. He denies any chest pain. What is his MOST likely condition?
Pulmonary edema
You are standing by at a local 5K race when you are asked to take a look at a runner who did not complete the race. He is a 29-year-old skinny man who describes a sudden onset of sharp chest pain on the right side with shortness of breath. What is the MOST likely problem?
Spontaneous pneumothorax
Which of the following medications is the EMT NOT allowed to use for the acute management of a patient with bronchoconstriction, wheezing, and a history of asthma?
Salmeterol xinafoate
You are reassessing a patient to whom you have administered oxygen and an MDI for respiratory distress. During your reassessment, you find that there is only slight expiratory wheezing, the pulse oximeter reading is 97 percent, the patient is speaking in full sentences, and the patient's color is good. Given this, which of the following characterizes the patient?
She is displaying mild respiratory distress.
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication to administering a bronchodilator by MDI to a patient with asthma?
The patient is in severe respiratory distress.
Besides the symptom of respiratory distress, how would an EMT know that a patient may have a viral infection affecting the respiratory system?
The presence of a fever
Which of the following includes the proper way to assess for breath sounds?
Use the diaphragm end of the stethoscope, listen over bare skin, and instruct the patient to cough first.
Emergency medical care for a child who is experiencing significant difficulty breathing may include:
beginning positive pressure ventilations if breathing becomes inadequate.
When a blood clot ends up in the lungs, the patient may have sudden development of:
dyspnea
A condition that can cause obstruction of an infant's upper airway is swelling of the epiglottis from an infection. This condition is known as:
epiglottitis
In the asthma patient, all of the following contribute to the increasing resistance to airflow and difficulty breathing, EXCEPT:
malaise and decreasing appetite.
Your patient is exhibiting minimal use of accessory muscles while breathing. This is a sign of
normal breathing.
If your patient is breathing adequately but with difficulty and the pulse oximeter reads 84 percent, you should:
provide oxygen by a nonrebreather mask at 15 lpm.
All of the following are considered chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, EXCEPT:
pulmonary embolism.
You respond to a call from the regional airport to remove an elderly patient experiencing respiratory distress from a plane that just landed after a long flight. A respiratory condition that may be caused by a deep vein thrombosis that develops when a person has been sitting for a long time is:
pulmonary embolism.
While you are obtaining your patient's blood pressure, you notice that the needle drops more than 10 mm/Hg each time the patient inhales. This is called:
pulsus paradoxus.
A condition in which a lung collapses without any chest trauma is called:
spontaneous pneumothorax.
There are many problems that can cause chest pain. A symptom that usually signals pneumonia rather than another cause of chest pain is:
the presence of a fever.
A 25-year-old woman appears to be suffering from hyperventilation syndrome. You should
try to calm the patient.
The patient who has pneumonia usually has all of the following, EXCEPT:
vomiting blood.