Chapt 16 post

If the cells of the body are not getting an adequate supply of​ oxygen, they begin to die. This state of inadequate oxygen supply is​ called:

hypoxia

You are managing a patient who you believe is severely​ hypoxic, and the pulse oximeter is not functioning properly. Given this​ information, what is the BEST thing you could do for the​ patient?

Start​ high-flow oxygen.

While you are listening to breath​ sounds, the patient should be in what anatomic position whenever​ possible?

Sitting upright

As the lead EMT on a call for a dyspneic​ patient, you are reviewing the medications the patient takes. If the clinical criteria are met for assisting the patient with the administration of a​ bronchodilator, which of the following would the EMT be unable to​ use?

Advair

You are treating a​ 45-year-old woman who has been struggling in trying to breathe. She has a history of COPD from years of smoking more than two packs of cigarettes a day. Aside from administering the appropriate amount of​ oxygen, what else is an appropriate​ treatment?

Assist the patient with her bronchodilator according to your protocols.

Where does the lower airway​ begin?

At the level of the vocal cords

Which of the following is consistent with normal​ breathing?

Bilateral breath sounds

A patient with which of the following signs indicates respiratory​ failure?

Central​ cyanosis, one- to​ two-word dyspnea, pulse oximeter reading of​ 84%

A​ 22-year-old woman tells you she is having a panic attack. Her vital signs are​ P110, R​ 36, BP​ 132/76, and her SPO2 is​ 99%. Which of the following is the appropriate treatment for this​ patient?

Coach her to slow her breathing.

Which assessment finding in a patient who is dyspneic is a clear indication of​ hypoxia?

Cyanosis

After administration of a​ bronchodilator, what would the EMT expect to hear during auscultation if the medication had its desired effect on the​ body?

Diminishment in wheezing

Pulmonary edema can be caused by all of the following​ EXCEPT:

a stroke.

After administering the​ 45-year-old female​ patient's bronchodilator, you notice that she continues to have considerable distress and her mental status is becoming altered. Aside from administering​ oxygen, what else should you be​ considering?

Getting out the​ bag-valve mask and preparing to assist ventilations

You are caring for a patient with a history of emphysema who has a primary complaint of shortness of breath and the following​ findings: pulse oximeter reading of 93​ percent, heart rate​ 110, blood pressure​ 180/86, and respiratory rate​ 26/minute. You find the​ patient's skin to be diaphoretic with ashen fingers and toes. There are bilaterally diminished breath sounds with a slight expiratory​ wheeze, but alveolar sounds are still present. Given these​ findings, how would you characterize this​ patient's current ventilation​ adequacy?

He displays respiratory​ distress, and he is at risk for deterioration.

Which of the following conditions can initially present with lethargy and​ confusion?

Hypercarbia

Which area of the brain is responsible for the gross rate and rhythm of the breathing​ pattern?

Medulla oblongata

The EMT will encounter many patients with respiratory distress. Which of the following will be the most common​ cause?

Obstructive lung disease

What is the pathophysiology of cystic​ fibrosis?

Overabundant production of mucus in the lower airways

Your patient woke up in the middle of the night with extreme shortness of breath. He says that he has a​ "cardiac history" and always sleeps with three pillows. He denies any chest pain. What is his MOST likely​ condition?

Pulmonary edema

You are standing by at a local 5K race when you are asked to take a look at a runner who did not complete the race. He is a​ 29-year-old skinny man who describes a sudden onset of sharp chest pain on the right side with shortness of breath. What is the MOST likely​ problem?

Spontaneous pneumothorax

Which of the following medications is the EMT NOT allowed to use for the acute management of a patient with​ bronchoconstriction, wheezing, and a history of​ asthma?

Salmeterol xinafoate

You are reassessing a patient to whom you have administered oxygen and an MDI for respiratory distress. During your​ reassessment, you find that there is only slight expiratory​ wheezing, the pulse oximeter reading is 97​ percent, the patient is speaking in full​ sentences, and the​ patient's color is good. Given​ this, which of the following characterizes the​ patient?

She is displaying mild respiratory distress.

Which of the following is NOT a contraindication to administering a bronchodilator by MDI to a patient with​ asthma?

The patient is in severe respiratory distress.

Besides the symptom of respiratory​ distress, how would an EMT know that a patient may have a viral infection affecting the respiratory​ system?

The presence of a fever

Which of the following includes the proper way to assess for breath​ sounds?

Use the diaphragm end of the​ stethoscope, listen over bare​ skin, and instruct the patient to cough first.

Emergency medical care for a child who is experiencing significant difficulty breathing may​ include:

beginning positive pressure ventilations if breathing becomes inadequate.

When a blood clot ends up in the​ lungs, the patient may have sudden development​ of:

dyspnea

A condition that can cause obstruction of an​ infant's upper airway is swelling of the epiglottis from an infection. This condition is known​ as:

epiglottitis

In the asthma​ patient, all of the following contribute to the increasing resistance to airflow and difficulty​ breathing, EXCEPT:

malaise and decreasing appetite.

Your patient is exhibiting minimal use of accessory muscles while breathing. This is a sign of

normal breathing.

If your patient is breathing adequately but with difficulty and the pulse oximeter reads 84​ percent, you​ should:

provide oxygen by a nonrebreather mask at 15 lpm.

All of the following are considered chronic obstructive pulmonary​ diseases, EXCEPT:

pulmonary embolism.

You respond to a call from the regional airport to remove an elderly patient experiencing respiratory distress from a plane that just landed after a long flight. A respiratory condition that may be caused by a deep vein thrombosis that develops when a person has been sitting for a long time​ is:

pulmonary embolism.

While you are obtaining your​ patient's blood​ pressure, you notice that the needle drops more than 10​ mm/Hg each time the patient inhales. This is​ called:

pulsus paradoxus.

A condition in which a lung collapses without any chest trauma is​ called:

spontaneous pneumothorax.

There are many problems that can cause chest pain. A symptom that usually signals pneumonia rather than another cause of chest pain​ is:

the presence of a fever.

A​ 25-year-old woman appears to be suffering from hyperventilation syndrome. You should

try to calm the patient.

The patient who has pneumonia usually has all of the​ following, EXCEPT:

vomiting blood.