CHAPTER 10 ADULT DEV

38. A manager is seeking to fill a job opening on his sales staff. His human resources department warns him that he can't take age into account, as mandated by which Federal legislation? a) Bonefide Occupational Requirement b) Canadian Human Rights Act c) Old Age Security Act d) Canadian Pension Plan

B

40. Older workers are more reliable according to which criterion? a) speed of response b) absenteeism c) fluid intelligence d) driving performance

B

43. The major source of income for retirees is: a) OAS . b) CPP . c) GIS . d)RRSPs .

B

44. In March 2013 , the average monthly amount of CPP at age 65 was approximately $________: a) 350 b) 597 c) 799 d) 1299

B

46. According to ___________ theory, retirees maintain a sense of identity and therefore do not experience retirement in a negative manner. a) on-time b) continuity c) resource d) role

B

48. Which of the following is a sociocultural factor in the biopsychosocial model of retirement? a) Metabolic syndrome b) Opportunities for engagement c) Expectations d) Amount of role strain

B

8. The basis for understanding the connection between individuals and social organizations as these interact over the individual's lifetime is the: a) job b) career c) vocation d) occupation

B

9. Holland's vocational development theory describes the RIASEC model, which stands for the: a) test used to identify a person's type. b) six factors that make up the model. c) names of the six vocational factors. d) corporation where initial testing was done.

B

20. Being able to find a ________________ career, in which people are not tied to a particular company or organization, might be difficult during times of a tight economy. a) protean b) bridge c) boundaryless d) self-determined

C

3. According to the Conference Board of Canada (2013), women aged 25 to 34 earned approximately ____ cents for each dollar earned by men. . a) 47 b) 67 c) 78 d) 84

C

33. A 40-year-old mother of two who works as a managerial assistant in an accounting firm earns enough to be able to schedule after-school child care without this impinging significantly on her family budget. She would therefore be rated as high on which component of the work-family enrichment model? a) social capital b) psychological resources c) material resources d) flexibility

C

35. The work-related quality known as the core self-evaluation consists of an individual's perception of his or her: a) degree of work stress. b) salary level in relation to others. c) feeling of self-efficacy in the job. overall level of neuroticism.

C

36. Research on age and job performance shows that older workers are typically better than younger workers with regard to: a) giving advice to co-workers about their personal lives. b) working in shifts in which their hours change weekly. c) taking fewer voluntary absences for personal reasons. d) performing transportation jobs in which driving is required.

C

13. After several years at his current job as a sales manager, a 50-year-old man decides he would rather remain a sales manager than do anything else because it suits his personality and interests. Based on the RIASEC model, you would expect that his score on a measure of career _________ would therefore be higher than would someone else's score who did not desire a career change. a) congruence b) adaptation c) realism d) conservatism

A

14. Workers who fail to develop as optimally as possible are, in Holland's theory, referred to as: a) incongruent. b) protean. c) boundaryless. d) disengaged.

A

22. In a protean career, workers feel that they are best able to achieve: a) personal growth and self-fulfillment. b) the highest promotions possible. c) an ideal work-family balance. d) flexible work schedules.

A

31. In Whitehall II, workers in lower employment grades had higher ___________ levels, beginning in the morning and continuing through the end of the day, supporting the idea that their stress was related to poor sleep as well as their experiences at work. a) cortisol b) testosterone c) insulin d) glucose

A

37. A 56-year-old sales manager in an office supply company has started to suspect that the younger workers at the company are giving jobs not to her but to their age peers. However, she can't quite figure out if this is true or not. She's been worried about losing her edge anyhow, and now she doubts herself even more. According to the identity process model, she is engaging in identity: a) accommodation. b) self-efficacy. c) assimilation. d) stereotyping.

A

4. What is the main factor accounting for the gender gap in earnings? a) Fewer professional women are in higher-paying fields b) Women work fewer hours than men on a weekly basis c) Men are more likely to work in healthcare and education. d) Women have higher childcare expenses than do men.

A

45. A study on leisure with Canadians 60 - 85 years old interviewed over an 8-year period found:. a) Sedentary activities increased among those with fewer disabilities. b) Most participants maintained involvement in sedentary activities. c) The greatest decline was for volunteering. d) The greatest decline was for walking and exercise.

A

50. What differentiates the "new mode" approach from the "usual" mode of retirement? a) The individual takes the spouse's qualities and family obligations into account. b) Both partners in a couple pool their assets when they begin their financial planning. c) The husband makes decisions about his retirement and then informs the wife. d) Neither partner in a couple takes the other into account in retirement decisions.

A

10. A financial analyst who works for a large firm that manages mutual funds would be considered to have which type of job in the RIASEC model? a) Realistic b) Conventional c) Artistic d) Enterprising

B

15. Super's theory, unlike Holland's, assumes that people strive to express their __________ in their vocation. a) preferences b) self-concept c) resources d) satisfaction

B

18. Individuals who feel that their occupation is a(n) ____________ are likely to feel the most personal meaning in their work. a) exploration b) calling c) correspondence d) resource

B

2. In 2011 , _______% of Canadians aged 65 to 70 years were still working.. a) 14 b) 24 c) 33 d) 52

B

23. Extrinsic factors are the same as _____________ factors in the two-factor motivational theory. a) job motivators b) hygiene c) calling d) protean

B

24. A scuba instructor greatly enjoys his work, especially the fact that he can spend much of his day underwater exploring the reefs. He also likes the activity of teaching especially when he can introduce someone new to the pleasures of the sport. He is high on which type of work factor motivation? a) maintenance b) intrinsic c) hygiene d) extrinsic

B

26. According to self-determination theory, to the extent that workers lose their intrinsic motivation when they receive extrinsic rewards for doing what they love, they will experience: a) person-environment correspondence. b) motivation crowding out. c) work-family enrichment. d) occupational reinforcement.

B

27. According to ________________ theory, the way you start your day influences your work performance throughout the day. a) motivation crowding out b) affective events c) self-determination d) emotional labor

B

30. In a study of workplace bullying, behaviors involving ____________ were found to be most stressful of all forms of bullying. a) work-related criticism b) intimidation c) emotional labor d) social isolation

B

32. In the work-family enrichment framework, the psychological resources category includes which component? a) fluid intelligence b) self-efficacy c) interpersonal skills d) coping skills

B

34. A large meta-analysis of studies on aging and job satisfaction showed that older workers were more satisfied with their jobs if they: a) were of non-minority status. b) had longer job tenure. c) had a college education. d) higher salary levels.

B

1. In "Aging Today," the case of Marissa Mayer (CEO of Yahoo) showed that she gives her employees few resources on which component of the work-family enrichment model? a) networking b) self-efficacy c) flexibility d) spillover

C

11. According to Holland's RIASEC model, the people most likely to want a career in accounting would have a(n) ____________ occupational type. a) realistic b) artistic c) conventional d) enterprising

C

16. In the earliest, or _____________ stage of vocational development, individuals attempt to find a way to express their self-concept through their work. a) recycling b) plateau c) exploration d) protean

C

19. People who feel that their occupation is a "calling" are likely to believe that it: a) will help them achieve recognition. b) can bring them closer to retirement. c) fulfills their purpose in life. d) makes their families proud of them.

C

41. According to the Canadian Human Rights Act , what type of behavior by an employer would explicitly be prohibited? a) Suggesting that workers invest in the pension plan. b) Enrolling employees in private health care. c) Asking a job interviewee for his or her age. d) Requiring that employees receive on-the-job training.

C

42. The majority of retirees are said to experience a(n) ______________ retirement, because they typically do not exit the labor force in an all-or-nothing fashion. a) crisp b) voluntary c) blurred d) involuntary

C

47. The idea that people are able to draw on their physical, psychological, and social capabilities to allow them to adjust to retirement is referred to as the ________ model. a) bridge b) life course c) resource d) self-concept

C

49. The so-called "absolute innovators" identified in a study of retired travelers were more likely than the comparison group of non-innovators to: a) use their vacations to visit their children and grandchildren. b) travel to big cities with more opportunities to be active. c) find opportunities for growth and self-expression. d) take a break from physical and mental activity.

C

5. In Canada, how does a university degree influence an individual's earning potential? a) Having a bachelor's degree leads to no measurable improvement. b) Only people with degrees in engineering or business benefit in terms of income. c) All university graduates have higher earning potential than high school graduates. d) Men, but not women, benefit in earning potential from a university degree.

C

6. According to your text, Canadian veterans associated with the New Veterans Charter (NVC) program of benefits have an unemployment rate of ___% . a) 9 b) 25 c) 15 d) 5

C

7. The gender gap is greatest for _______ occupations.: a) Teaching . b) Business, finance . c) Health . d) Natural sciences, engineering, mathematics .

C

12. Which of the following occupations fits into the RIASEC social type? a) Market researcher b) Salesperson c) Economist d) Math teacher

D

17. Reaching a point in your vocational development where you no longer feel that you are growing might keep you at the: a) establishment stage. b) bridge employment. c) recycling stage. d) career plateau.

D

21. In a boundaryless career, workers feel that they are able to: a) find growth and meaning in their job through self-direction. b) mentor younger and less experienced employees. c) take on extra hours to earn more overtime pay. d) seek a company that gives them opportunities for advancement.

D

25. As workers feel that they have more control in their job, the extent of their ___________ motivation decreases. a) affective b) intrinsic c) emotional d) extrinsic

D

28. In the Occupational Reinforcement Pattern (ORP) system, jobs are rated according to which type of characteristic? a) education and income b) skills and abilities c) personality and interests d) values and needs

D

29. The concept of emotional labor applies most closely to which type of job industry? a) technology b) manufacturing c) the arts d) service

D

39. A supervisor in a large hardware store wants to encourage his older workers to seek out on-the-job training so they will keep themselves familiarized with new products. One way to do so is to build the sense of _______________ in these older workers. a) extrinsic motivation b) self-determination c) occupational reinforcements d) self-efficacy

D