Chapter 10- Practice Quiz- PSYC 273

The _______ system is responsible for promoting REM sleep.

pontine

REM behavior disorder (RBD) may be reduced by drugs that

reduce anxiety.

Infant sleep is characterized by _______ sleep cycles than those of adults, with proportionally more _______ sleep.

shorter; REM

In humans, somnambulism usually occurs during _______ sleep.

stage 3

Slow, large-amplitude waves are seen in the EEG records of people who are in _______ sleep.

stage 3

In a young adult, during the course of a night's sleep the length of the bouts of _______ sleep progressively decrease, while the length of bouts of _______ sleep progressively increase.

stage 3 SWS; REM

The cortical EEG pattern of the isolated forebrain animal is characterized by

sustained SWS.

A lesion made to the reticular formation will result in a cortical EEG pattern of

sustained sleep.

Depending on the definition used for insomnia, its prevalence ranges from _______ in the adult population.

10% to 40%

The sudden attacks of sleep that occur in narcolepsy are characterized by

the immediate onset of REM.

The pineal gland of some birds and reptiles is referred to as a primitive "third eye" because

the skull over the pineal gland is especially thin, so it can sense light.

A woman has just celebrated her 100th birthday. Which description of her sleep is mostly likely to be true?

An EEG of her brain would reveal the complete absence of stage 3 sleep.

Which mechanism has not been identified as a biological function of sleep?

Brain rest

People who tend to wake up in the morning with lots of energy likely carry a different version of the _______ gene than night owls, who stay up late at night and are drowsy in the morning.

Clock

Which statement is about the molecular clock is false?

Clock and Cycle proteins eventually break down and the 24 hour cycle begins again.

What is the primary evolutionary benefit of a circadian rhythm?

It allows an animal to anticipate an important natural event and adjust its behavior accordingly.

What is the significance of the finding that the isolated brain exhibits signs of alternating between wakefulness, SWS, and REM sleep?

It showed that that systems for controlling sleep are located in the brain.

_______ is a symptom of a mismatch between internal and external time while traveling.

Jet lag

How do dolphins sleep if they must regularly come to the water's surface to breathe?

Only one brain hemisphere sleeps at a time.

A scientist wants to conduct a study in which an animal brain is transected but REM sleep could continue to be measured in the cerebral cortex. Which region must remain connected to the cortex?

Pons

Flaccidity in the large muscles of the body is associated most commonly with _______ sleep.

REM

If you recall a vivid dream as you wake up, you likely to have been in _______ sleep just before awakening.

REM

Nightmares are associated with _______ sleep.

REM

The large proportion of _______ sleep seen in infancy suggests it is necessary for nervous system maturation.

REM

In the U.S., evidence that daylight affects human circadian rhythms is supported by the observation that even though everyone's time keepers (clocks, phone) report the same time, people in the western part of the time zone go to bed _______ people in the in eastern part of the time zone.

a bit later than

When deprived of time cues, people tend to show activity cycles that are

a little more than 24 hours long.

Destruction of the SCN _______ circadian rhythms of hormone secretion.

abolishes

The characteristic EEG recording obtained from subjects who are relaxed with their eyes closed is called the

alpha.

People diagnosed with sleep apnea show all of the following symptoms except

an abundance of REM sleep.

Electrical stimulation of the reticular formation leads to immediate

awakening.

The pattern of sleep in elderly people is characterized by increases in

awakenings.

Sleep that immediately follows a period of learning has the apparent effect of

improving long-term retention.

Stage 3 sleep (SWS) is especially prominent during the _______ of a night's sleep.

initial half

Stage 3 sleep (SWS) is characterized by

large-amplitude delta waves.

Norepinephrine innervation to the brain comes primarily from the

locus coeruleus.

If SCN neurons are transplanted from animal A to animal B, and animal B previously had its SCN lesioned, animal B's rhythmicity will

match animal A's rhythm.

The type of rhythmicity characterized by the regular, predictable onset of a particular behavior more than once a day is called a(n) _______ rhythm.

ultradian

In the typical sleep pattern of healthy adults, the first REM period of the night may last a few minutes while the last REM period may last

up to 40 minutes.

Dreams experienced during REM sleep are characterized by

vague visual imagery.

The stimulus (usually the light-dark cycle) that entrains circadian rhythms is called a(n)

zeitgeber.