Chapter 11: Properties and Disorders of Hair and Scalp

Blonds have approximately ____ hairs on the head.

140,000 (pg 248)

The chemical composition of average hair is ____ % carbon.

51

At any given time, about ____ percent of scalp hair is growing in the anagen phase.

90

Protein makes up _____ % of the hair.

91

_____ is hair loss that occurs as a result of genetics, age, and hormonal changes that cause the miniaturization of terminal hair, converting it to vellus hair.

Androgenic alopecia

____ is caused by loss of natural melanin.

Canities

____ on the scalp are symptoms of tinea favosa.

Dry, sulfur yellow, cuplike crusts

_____ that stick to the scalp in patches are characteristic of pityriasis steatoides.

Greasy or waxy scales

Trichology is the scientific study of ____, including its care and disorders.

Hair

The dermal papila is surrounded by the ____.

Hair Bulb

The portion of the hair that is enclosed within the follicle is the

Hair Root

The part of the hair that extends above the skin surface is the

Hair Shaft

Hair's natural tendency to flow to one side is called the

Hair stream

_____ side bonds are easily broken by water or heat.

Hydrogen

____ is abnormal hair growth and can be treated in the barbershop.

Hypertrichosis

The hair bulb is the

Lower part of the hair root

______ is a topical treatment that is applied to the scalp twice a day.

Minoxidil

The main component of hair is a ____ called keratin.

Protein

The ___ glands secrete sebum.

Sebaceous

____ is a fungal infection that occurs chiefly over the bearded area

Tinea sycosis

Oxidation tints and other chemical hair products must have a pH ___.

above 7.0

Finasteride is _____.

an oral medication for hair loss

Alopecia is the technical term for ____.

any abnormal hair loss

Alopecia ____ is characterized by hair falling out in round patches.

areata

Hydrogen bonds add ___to the hair and keep parallel polypeptide chains together.

body

The technical term for a ____ is a furuncle.

boil

During the ____ phase, the hair bulb disappears.

catagen

Hair with a ____ texture has the largest diameter.

coarse

In the ____, polypeptide chains are linked to each other by side bonds.

cortex

The ___ accounts for about 90% of the hairs weight

cortex

A tuft of hair standing straight up is known as a ____.

cowlick

The atoms of neighboring ____ amino acids that are joined together by disulfide bonds are atoms of sulfur.

cyseteine

Amino acids are joined _____ by peptide bonds.

end-to-end

Black and brown hair colors are provided by ____.

eumelanin

When ___ bonds are broken through overstretching or the use of strong acidic or alkaline solutions, the hair can be weakened or damaged to the point of breakage.

even a few

Sebum production is not affected by

excercise

Sycosis vulgaris, ____, and pseudofolliculitis barbae are staphylococcal infections involving the follicles.

folliculitis

Brittle hair is technically known as _____.

fragilitas crinium

Healthy hair on the scalp grows about 1/2 ____.

inch per month

The arrector pili is a minute, ____ in the skin attached to the underside and base of the hair follicle.

involuntary muscle fiber

Fine hair ____.

is most likely to be damaged by chemical services

Which of the following statements relating to visible hair is not correct

it is made up of keratinized carbohydrate

Scalp irritation, _____, and itchy scalp are characteristic of pityriasis capitis simplex.

large dry flakes

Resistant hair has ____ porosity.

low

Androgenic alopecia in men is also called ____.

male pattern baldness

Hair texture is measured by the diameter of the hair strand and is classified as course, ____, or fine.

medium

Natural hair color is the result of the ____ pigment found within the cortex.

melanin

The cortex is the ____ layer of the hair.

middle

Hair that is missing the medulla is _____.

naturally blond

Wet hair with ____ elasticity can stretch up to 50% of its original length and return to that length without breaking.

normal

Salt bonds depend on pH and account for ___ of the hair's total strength.

one-third

The dermal papilla supplies ____ to the tissue that line the hair follicle.

oxygen and nutrients

Animal parasites cause ____ and scabies.

pediculosis capitis

The strongest chemical bonds in the cortex are ____ bonds.

peptide

Density is the number of hair strands ____ on the scalp.

per square inch

Red through light blond color hair is provided by ____.

pheomelanin

Dandruff is technically known as ____.

pityriasis

The hair's ____is its ablility to absorb moisture.

porosity

The polypeptide chains intertwine around each other to create a coil or spiral of _____

protein

_____ are made up of amino acids.

proteins

Pseudofolliculitis barbae is referred to as "____".

razor bumps

Swelling the hair raises the ___ of the cuticle layer and opens the spaces between them, allowing liquids to penetrate

scales

Secondary terminal hair appears on the ____.

scalp and beard (pg 268)

Hair ____ mature in a process called keratinization.

shafts

Vellus or lango hair is ____ and appears nearly everywhere on the body.

short and fine

The three different types of ____ bonds are hydrogen, salt and disulfide.

side

The elements in human ____ are sulfur, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

skin, hair, and nails (pg 246)

Ammonium thioglycolate permanent wave and ____ chemical hair relaxers break disulfide bonds.

sodium hydroxide

Disulfide bonds are the ____ side bonds in the cortex.

strongest

During the ____ phase, the hair is shed

telogen

Hair growth is not increased by any of the following except _____.

the time of the year

The hair shaft consists of ____ main layers.

three

Split ends are called ____.

trichoptilosis

Hydrogen bonds may be broken by ____.

water, dilute alkaline solutions, or neutral solutions