Chapter 12 Re
28) How did Uber conflict with Carnegie Mellon University's National Robotics Engineering Center (NREC)? A) Uber promised a large donation to NREC but then reneged on the offer when NREC would not provide Uber with researchers. B) Uber poached entire NREC research teams with signing bonuses, twice the salaries, and stock options, thereby threatening the future of NREC. C) Uber allegedly stole ideas from the NREC research team and then claimed that these ideas were generated by their own researchers. D) Uber bribed NREC officials to give permission for building an extension to the NREC facility that focuses solely on Uber research.
B) Uber poached entire NREC research teams with signing bonuses, twice the salaries,
42) Which of the following could be used as an example of why a stakeholder strategy approach to business has shortcomings? A) the nonsustainable debt levels incurred by sovereign governments to fund social programs B) the financial crisis in Europe brought about by money lenders seeking to make quick money C) the collapse of the economy in the United States brought about by the housing crisis D) the rise of GDP in countries that do not believe in Milton Friedman's philosophy
A) the nonsustainable debt levels incurred by sovereign governments to fund social
59) In a public stock company, senior executives, such as the CEO, face agency problems when A) they delegate authority of strategic business units to general managers. B) they decide to get involved in the day-to-day operations of a company. C) the board of directors possesses more information about the company than they do. D) the firm designs work tasks, incentives, and employments that minimize opportunism.
A) they delegate authority of strategic business units to general managers.
99) Which of the following is an implication for the strategist in the context of corporate governance and a company's success? A) Very few corporate-governance mechanisms can be effective in addressing the principal-agent problem. B) Effective corporate governance and solid business ethics are critical to gaining and sustaining competitive advantage. C) Leading by ethical example often has a lesser effect on employee behavior than words do. D) A firm that restricts its responsiveness to stockholders (and no other stakeholders) and keeps them committed to its vision will be successful.
B) Effective corporate governance and solid business ethics are critical to gaining and
69) Greg is the president of a technology firm that has recently gone public. What action, if any, should Andrew take to build the confidence of his new shareholders? A) Greg needs to focus on the company's earnings because that is what shareholders care about. B) He should find out whether the majority of his shareholders want long-term steady growth or short-term spikes in the stock price. C) He should discourage pension funds from investing because they are interested in safety at the expense of growth. D) He should make the company stock available only to hedge funds so he will have the freedom to take risks as the firm expands.
B) He should find out whether the majority of his shareholders want long-term steady
18) ________ are the board members who are part of the company's senior management team appointed by shareholders to provide the board with necessary information pertaining to the company's internal workings and performance. A) Outside directors B) Inside directors C) Stockholders D) Philanthropists
B) Inside directors
39) What is the result of managers' pursuit of strategies that define value creation too narrowly in public stock companies? A) It gives the managers greater control of the performance of the organization in the long term. B) It reduces the trust of shareholders in the organization as a vehicle for value creation. C) It helps companies increase firm profits by creating shared value. D) It enables companies to create social value by addressing society's needs but prevents them from creating economic value for shareholders.
B) It reduces the trust of shareholders in the organization as a vehicle for value
57) Micaela is the ethics officer at Oceanic Airlines, a publicly traded company. She wants to make sure that on-the-job consumption at Oceanic Airlines stays within legal and ethical bounds. Which action should she and the Oceanic Airlines board of directors take? A) Forbid high-cost items such as executive office decoration but permit lavish parties and celebrations because they are essential for morale. B) Set strict limits on what executives can spend on office redecoration or work-related celebrations. C) Do nothing. On-the-job consumption is a necessary part of hiring and retaining key executives. D) Permit on-the-job consumption but cancel executive bonuses.
B) Set strict limits on what executives can spend on office redecoration or work-related
30) Which of the following statements is true of shareholders in a public stock company? A) They directly supervise and coordinate the manufacture of products and delivery of services. B) They are granted a charter of incorporation by the state and legally own company stock. C) They are the centerpiece of corporate governance. D) They are appointed by a board of directors to oversee the company's management.
B) They are granted a charter of incorporation by the state and legally own company
37) According to Michael Porter, which of the following is a problem with many publicly traded companies? A) Shareholders of publicly traded companies do not have a legitimate claim on profits. B) They have defined value creation too narrowly in terms of financial performance. C) There is no transferability of stock ownership in publicly traded companies. D) Publicly traded companies have no legal standing and are not responsible for their debts.
B) They have defined value creation too narrowly in terms of financial performance.
96) Three months ago, Colin became a board member at Hooli, a publicly traded company. Two weeks ago, the board members discovered that Hooli's CEO is facing a lawsuit from a family member who accuses the CEO of theft. Based on what you have read, to what ethical standard should Colin and the other board members hold the CEO? A) They should hold her to the same ethical standards that they would expect of any Hooli employee—no more, no less. B) They must hold her to the highest ethical standards because the leaders of publicly traded companies must withstand intense public scrutiny. C) If the board members determine that the CEO is not a "bad apple," then they should give her their full support. D) The board members must wait until the lawsuit results in a settlement or a guilty verdict.
B) They must hold her to the highest ethical standards because the leaders of publicly
63) Domenick is a recent graduate who states that he has interned at a major accounting firm so that his value as a candidate for employment increases. A start-up recruits Domenick based on his stated credentials without verifying them. Two days into the job, Domenick's team lead realizes that Domenick does not know much of what he claimed to know duringthe interview. This scenario best exemplifies A) moral hazard. B) adverse selection. C) shared value creation. D) corporate governance.
B) adverse selection.
100) Kate is the CEO of a firm. She has an opportunity to increase the competitive advantage of her company but is not sure if accepting the opportunity is ethical. Which of the following questions would help her decide if accepting the opportunity is ethical? A)What are the chances that her decision to accept the opportunity will be made public? B) How much profit would be made if she decided to accept the opportunity? C) How would the media report her decision to accept the opportunity if it were to become public? D) How long lasting would the competitive advantage be if she decided to accept the opportunity?
C) How would the media report her decision to accept the opportunity if it were to
47) Which of the following could most likely have prevented the accounting scandals of the early 2000s and the global financial crisis? A) adopting a narrow shareholder perspective B) separating economic interests and social needs C) practicing effective corporate governance D) adopting the principles of shareholder capitalism
C) practicing effective corporate governance
38) Which of the following characteristics of a public stock company deals with principals and agents? A) limited liability of investors B) transferability of investor ownership C) separation of legal ownership and management control D) legal personality
C) separation of legal ownership and management control
98) The MBA oath first developed at Harvard Business School and now signed by students at over 300 business schools is modeled after A) Level-5 leadership. B) the Sarbanes-Oxley pledge. C) the Hippocratic oath in medicine. D) the Goldman Sachs code.
C) the Hippocratic oath in medicine.
86) Which of the following is a major issue at the forefront of CEO compensation in recent years? A) a comparison of the performance of the organization before and after the CEO's tenure B) the performance of the CEO as an employee versus the performance as a board member C) the absolute size of the CEO pay package compared with the pay of the average employee D) a comparison of the compensation of senior management hired during and before the CEO's tenure
C) the absolute size of the CEO pay package compared with the pay of the average
83) Which of the following best explains why a board of directors may grant stock options as part of a compensation package? A) to reduce the transferability of stocks between stockholders B) to bring about a separation of CEO/chair duality C) to align incentives between shareholders and management D) to change the liability of shareholders from limited to unlimited
C) to align incentives between shareholders and management
80) Bailey Building and Loan Association, a publicly traded company, has ten members on its board. Of the ten members, six members are employees of the company—including the CEO, who also chairs the board. The board has been failing in its responsibilities toward the shareholders, who now want a new board. Assuming that the total number of board members remains constant, how many outside directors should the shareholders appoint to Bailey Building and Loan Association's board to achieve board independence? A) 1 B) 3 C) 5 D) 7
D) 7
34) Axe Capital is a public stock company. Which of the following best exemplifies the legal personality of the company? A) Luis, a shareholder, can legally sell shares of Axe Capital in the stock market. B) Jennifer is a shareholder of Axe Capital but does not have any managerial duties. C) Will, an employee at Axe Capital, is not responsible for any losses that Axe Capital D) Axel, the company's founder, died a few years ago, yet the company is doing well. incurs.
D) Axel, the company's founder, died a few years ago, yet the company is doing well.
62) Vanessa accepts a job as vice president for human resources at a paper manufacturing start-up. She discovers that the start-up believes that teamwork is so important that it plans to award all raises and bonuses by splitting them equally within a team rather than presenting them to individual employees. What action should Vanessa take regarding this plan? A) Interview new candidates extensively to avoid adverse selection. B) Expand the plan by allowing teams to make hiring decisions and eventually firing decisions as well. C) Make sure the plan goes into place only after the company has corrected information asymmetry. D) Cancel the plan because under it, opportunistic employees will do little or no work.
D) Cancel the plan because under it, opportunistic employees will do little or no work.
43) Which of the following perspectives best supports the shared value creation framework? A) Markets are more often than not defined by societal needs rather than economic needs. B) Failing to create value for society almost always reflects on the bottom line. C) A firm's competitive advantage depends on pitting economic and societal needs in a trade-off. D) Externalities such as pollution, wasted energy, and costly accidents actually create internal costs.
D) Externalities such as pollution, wasted energy, and costly accidents actually create
1) If a privately held company has a history of legal and ethical problems, those problems can prevent a successful initial public offering (IPO) from taking place. ⊚ true ⊚ false
TRUE
3) Gary is a senior manager at a large, publicly traded corporation. He has access to insider information about the company profits, losses, mergers, and acquisitions. It is legally and ethically acceptable for him to have this information as long as he does not use it to buy or sell stocks and does not tell others to buy or sell stocks. ⊚ true ⊚ false
TRUE
6) Ruth owns and runs her own firm. She also serves on the boards of several companies. Although she does not work for these companies, she attends board meetings, analyzes information, and tries to act in the best interests of their shareholders. Ruth is an example of an outside director. ⊚ true ⊚ false
TRUE
9) Corporate codes of conduct go beyond what the law requires, imposing higher standards of honesty and fairness. ⊚ true ⊚ false
TRUE
72) Shareholders of public companies need to appoint a board of directors to represent their interests because A) of the separation of ownership and control. B) employees of a company cannot be shareholders. C) the board of directors itself is made up of shareholders. D) the shareholders want tighter control over day-to-day operations of a company.
A) of the separation of ownership and control.
31) Which of the following descriptions best exemplifies adverse selection? A) A manager cannot ascertain the contributions of individual team members in team production. B) A research scientist uses the organization's resources to conduct personal research. C) An employee spends time on social networking sites during work hours. D) An interview candidate lists his qualifications in chronological order.
A) A manager cannot ascertain the contributions of individual team members in team
56) Which of the following real-world scenarios best exemplifies information asymmetry in a public stock company? A) Based on a tip-off by a Goldman Sachs employee, the Galleon Group sold its holdings in Goldman Sachs' stocks prior to the announcement of missed earnings estimates. B) GE knew that it could create a profitable venture out of producing green products, so it rolled out the Ecomagination strategy. C) Mark Hurd, CEO of HP, was unaware of the sexual-harassment allegations, and the board's demand for him to resign caught him by surprise. D) Goldman Sachs followed through with the Abacus deal despite knowing its shortcomings.
A) Based on a tip-off by a Goldman Sachs employee, the Galleon Group sold its
40) James is a firm believer in Milton Friedman's view of a firm's social obligations. With which of the following statements is Arnold most likely to agree? A) Businesses can use their resources to create profit as long as they do so within the rules of the game. B) Firms must go beyond their economic responsibility and act in socially responsible ways. C) Firms should define value creation broadly in terms of environmental impact. D) Businesses should engage in open and free competition without deception or fraud, only as long as their competitors do so.
A) Businesses can use their resources to create profit as long as they do so within the
89) Which of the following is true of business ethics? A) Certain notions such as fairness, honesty, and reciprocity are universal norms. B) Business ethics is an agreed-upon code of conduct in business, based on laws. C) The perception of what is ethical and what is not is similar across different cultures. D) Business ethics needs to be codified into law in order to be followed.
A) Certain notions such as fairness, honesty, and reciprocity are universal norms.
45) Why does Michael Porter recommend expanding the customer base of an organization in terms of the shared value creation framework? A) Doing so could yield significant business opportunities that could improve the standard of living of the poor. B) Doing so is the best way to ensure that shareholders have the most legitimate claim on profits made by the organization. C) Doing so could be the only way to meet stockholder expectations in a highly competitive market. D) Doing so will help to prevent the inclusion of more nontraditional partners intointernal firm value chains.
A) Doing so could yield significant business opportunities that could improve the
95) Sean was recently hired at an up-and-coming firm that has a history of ethics violations. Which action is best for him to take if he wants to determine whether the firm is now acting ethically? A) Observe executives at the company, and see whether they model ethical behavior and demand it of others. B) Research the results of the ethics violations. If the perpetrators were fired or jailed, then the rest of the company is sound. C) Check the company's mission statement to make sure that it guarantees respect and integrity. D) Ignore the alleged ethics violations because there is no one standard of ethical behavior.
A) Observe executives at the company, and see whether they model ethical behavior
71) Carla recently became a board member of a firm that has a history of reckless actions by senior employees. Which task would be appropriate for Carla to undertake to help safeguard the company's financial health? A) Request and review a copy of the firm's risk assessment plan, if such a plan exists. B) Take part in the annual reviews of employees in the financial department. C) Draft and circulate a statement that the firm's board members serve at the pleasure of the CEO. D) Determine how to postpone or evade the firm's compliance with local, regional, and national regulations.
A) Request and review a copy of the firm's risk assessment plan, if such a plan exists.
92) A bank, Seaside, offers a customer a personal loan. In which of the following circumstances will this decision most likely be considered unethical? A) The bank knows that the customer will be unable to pay the loan if the interest rate rises. B) The bank is not aware of the investments made by the customer. C) The bank has the financial statements of the customer, but it is not aware of each source of income. D) The bank is depending on the customer to pay back the loan before term completion.
A) The bank knows that the customer will be unable to pay the loan if the interest rate
84) Which of the following is a common result of a hostile takeover of a company? A) The new owner sells the company in pieces. B) The new owner keeps the company intact. C) The new owner keeps the board of directors of the company the same. D) The new owner enhances the reputations of the company's management.
A) The new owner sells the company in pieces.
19) Jack is a board member of firm A but is not an employee of firm A; Jack is a senior executive from firm B. Jack can best be described as a(n) A) outside director. B) inside director. C) shareholder. D) philanthropists.
A) outside director.
87) Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies a leveraged buyout of a microchip manufacturer, Sirius Cybernetics Corp.? A) The owner of another company buys all the outstanding shares of Sirius Cybernetics Corp.in order to take it private. B) A private equity firm, AllThings Inc., buys a large number of shares of Sirius Cybernetics Corp.in order to publicly trade it under a new name. C) Sirius Cybernetics Corp. sells all its shares and declares bankruptcy. D) Sirius Cybernetics Corp. buys back a large amount of its own shares from the stock market.
A) The owner of another company buys all the outstanding shares of Sirius Cybernetics
93) Which of the following is true of the codes of conduct of an organization? A) They detail how the organization expects an employee to behave and to represent the company in business dealings. B) They are a reiteration of the laws pertaining to business dealings in a corporate environment. C) They are a guide to determine what is lawful and what is unlawful. D) They help the board of directors and the CEO implement shareholder capitalism.
A) They detail how the organization expects an employee to behave and to represent
70) Which of the following is true of the board of directors in a public stock company? A) Votes at shareholder meetings determine whose representatives are appointed to the board of directors. B) Because shareholders generally have uniform interests, the composition of the boardis generally a unanimous decision. C) The board of directors acts as a facilitator to convey interests of the stockholders to the management without any real authority. D) The functions of the board of directors are limited to ensuring the hiring and firing of CEOs.
A) Votes at shareholder meetings determine whose representatives are appointed to the
55) Paul is a manager at Macmillan Toys Inc. and is friends with the company's CEO. This privilege gives Paul the information that Macmillan Toys is in the midst of talks to take over a leading rival. Paul buys stocks of Macmillan Toys with the expectation that its stocks will appreciate. But the deal falls through, and the stocks of Macmillan Toys depreciate in the following months. Are Paul's actions unethical? Why or why not? A) Yes. It is unethical to trade stocks based on insider information, irrespective of the final outcome. B) Yes. It is illegal and unethical for Paul to possess any kind of insider information. C) No. Paul did not ask the CEO to disclose such information to him. D) No. Paul did not make any profits from trading stocks using this information.
A) Yes. It is unethical to trade stocks based on insider information, irrespective of the
14) To help increase and maintain ethical values for future managers, a group of Harvard Business School students developed A) a voluntary MBA oath that explicitly recognizes the role of business in society and its responsibilities beyond shareholders. B) the triple bottom line framework to guide managers ethical decisions. C) an ethical value chain that attempts to promote societal benefits. D) a new way to examine business processes that meet the needs of the community.
A) a voluntary MBA oath that explicitly recognizes the role of business in society and
58) According to the agency theory, A) conflicts that arise in corporations should be addressed in the legal realm. B) corporations are more than a set of contracts between parties. C) companies should focus on generating profits for stockholders. D) principals and agents have interchangeable roles.
A) conflicts that arise in corporations should be addressed in the legal realm.
15) Some argue that the global financial crisis of 2008 was worsened because large fortune 500 companies did not practice effective A) corporate governance. B) external analysis. C) balanced scorecard techniques. D) co-opetition.
A) corporate governance.
24) Stephen is a mid-level manager for a high-tech start-up. He's just been asked by his boss to perform an activity that may be unethical. To improve his ethical decision making, Stephen should A) imagine whether he would feel comfortable explaining and defending the decision in public. B) go forward with the decision without considering the ethical ramifications. C) think about the ethical dilemma but base his decision upon what's best for his career in the short term. D) call his parents and ask them for advice.
A) imagine whether he would feel comfortable explaining and defending the decision
66) Adverse selection in a public stock company occurs when A) information asymmetry increases the likelihood of selecting inferior alternatives. B) a firm's work tasks, incentives, and employment contracts minimize opportunism by agents. C) a principal is not aware of the context from which information from an agent is derived. D) an agent manipulates information to benefit stockholders.
A) information asymmetry increases the likelihood of selecting inferior alternatives.
51) Martha received a tip from a close friend who is an executive manager of a publicly traded company called TelAmeriCorp Inc. The manager received some inside information about how to trade TelAmeriCorp stock to get a huge profit. He shared this information with Martha. This scenario is an example of A) information asymmetry. B) adverse selection. C) stakeholder strategy.D) shared value creation.
A) information asymmetry.
60) The root cause of the principal-agent problem between senior executives and lower-level employees can be explained by the A) informational advantage of the lower-level employees. B) higher number of lower-level employees than senior executives. C) knowledge of employees regarding day-to-day tasks. D) operational expertise of lower-level employees in concentrated areas of a particular field.
A) informational advantage of the lower-level employees.
101) A mortgage loan officer persuades unsuspecting consumers to sign up for exotic mortgages, such as "option ARMs." These mortgages offer borrowers the choice to pay less than the required interest, which is then added to the principal while the interest rate can adjust upward. Because of this setup, many borrowers are unable to repay the mortgage once the interest rates go up. Which of the following phrases best describes this scenario? A) legal but not ethical B) ethical but not legal C) legal and ethical D) neither legal nor ethical
A) legal but not ethical
23) Josie wants to invest in the stock market but is afraid of losing more money than what she invests. Josie need not worry because of A) limited liability for investors. B) transferability of investor ownership. C) legal personality. D) separation of legal ownership and management control.
A) limited liability for investors.
91) Ethics is A) not synonymous with law. B) impossible to codify into law. C) universal and cannot differ between cultures. D) the minimum acceptable standard in business practice.
A) not synonymous with law.
65) At Gregarious Simulation Systems, a cross-functional team is formed to work on a project for a new client. The team consists of David and four other members. At most of the team's presentations to senior management, David takes the lead and discusses project specifics with the management, while others chip in with additional information. At the completion of the project, David is recommended for promotion, while the other team members receive little recognition for their hard work. The reality is that David did very little actual work but spent some time compiling the project report based on different documents submitted by the others. This scenario at Gregarious Simulation Systems is a typical consequence of A) moral hazard. B) adverse selection. C) shared value creation. D) corporate governance.
B) adverse selection.
97) One way to foster ethical behavior in employees is to A) avoid codifying organizational culture. B) create a control system that encourages desired values. C) view clients as counter parties to transactions. D) align the vision statement of the organization with its informal culture.
B) create a control system that encourages desired values.
36) PolyCon Inc. is a public stock company that provides natural gas for businesses. Although this company generates a large profit, management's focus on reducing costs caused the maintenance budget to be trimmed. Its pipelines have at times leaked, which created significant environmental problems. As a result, the company's value creation has suffered. This scenario supports Michael Porter's warning that public companies A) often do not keep economic needs and societal needs separate from each other, thereby contributing to low value creation. B) have defined value creation too narrowly in terms of financial performance, thereby contributing to black swan events. C) do not focus enough on increasing firm profits, thereby contributing to low value creation. D) have defined value creation too narrowly and as a result have ignored political lobbying, thereby contributing to black swan events.
B) have defined value creation too narrowly in terms of financial performance, thereby
41) According to the perspective of shareholder capitalism, shareholders in public stock companies A) are restricted from buying shares of two competing companies. B) have the most legitimate claim on profits. C) have significant decision-making power. D) have unlimited financial liability.
B) have the most legitimate claim on profits.
75) The board of directors of a public stock company consists of A) managers appointed by the owners of a company to run its day-to-day operations. B) individuals who formally represent the firm's shareholders and oversee the work of executives. C) the legal owners of a publicly traded company that was purchased in a leveraged buyout. D) employees of a company who belong to the senior management and directly report to the CEO of the firm.
B) individuals who formally represent the firm's shareholders and oversee the work of
25) Tom is a loan officer that persuades Jerry to sign up for an exotic mortgage that turns out to be very expensive for him and probably not the best financial choice. This is an example of an action that A) helps Jerry purchase a home he can't afford but really likes. B) is legal but ethically questionable. C) is illegal but meets most ethical norms. D) is neither illegal nor ethical.
B) is legal but ethically questionable.
35) William founded Iron Bank of Braavos in 1993. Ten years later, the company went public. Despite William's death in 2005, the company reported a 75 percent increase in revenue in 2006. Which of the following characteristics of a publicly traded company does this scenario best exemplify? A) transferability of investor ownership B) legal personality C) limited liability for investors D) separation of legal ownership and management control
B) legal personality
50) Stratton Oakmont Inc. is a publicly traded company. The stockholders of this company delegate the authority to make decisions for the company to a CEO named Terry. The stockholders expect Terry to make decisions that will benefit the company. However, Terry begins to find ways to maximize his total compensation, which hinders Stratton Oakmont Inc.'s performance. This scenario reflects A) value creation problems. B) principal-agent problems. C) inside director-outside director problems. D) adverse selection problems.
B) principal-agent problems.
22) Mary owns Kind Corporation and wants to maintain a dual focus on creating shareholder value while at the same time increasing value for society as a whole. Mary is following the A) balanced scorecard framework. B) shared value creation framework. C) shareholder capitalism framework. D) philosophy of Milton Friedman.
B) shared value creation framework.
20) All of the following are examples of external-governance mechanisms except A) industry analysts. B) shareholders. C) auditors. D) government regulators.
B) shareholders.
73) Shelia is a graduate student pursuing a course in business. Presented with the case of a company's unethical behavior, Shelia wonders if the company's board of directors should ask the CEO to step down. Having a strong belief in Michael Porter's idea of value creation, Shelia is most likely to conclude that company's board of directors A) should not ask the CEO to step down because doing so would cause a profit dip that would affect its shareholders. B) should ask the CEO to step down because it has a greater obligation toward society. C) should not ask the CEO to step down because he was responsible for an almost 90 percent appreciation of the company's stock. D) should ask the CEO to step down because agents, unlike principals, are disposable.
B) should ask the CEO to step down because it has a greater obligation toward society.
49) Which of the following is the source of the principal-agent problem in publicly traded companies? A) the law of legal personality B) the separation of ownership and control C) limited liability for investors D) transferability of investor ownership
B) the separation of ownership and control
21) Tommy is the CEO of a private start-up firm that is valued at just over $1.2 billion dollars. His firm can be classified as being a A) highly differentiated firm. B) unicorn. C) conglomerate. D) dominate firm.
B) unicorn.
5) One of the most challenging aspects of principal—agent problems is that firms have almost no defenses against them. ⊚ true ⊚ false
FALSE
82) Aperture Science is a publicly traded manufacturer of home electronics. Based on what you have read, which of these actions would be wisest for Aperture Science's board of directors to take to be sure that the company's new CEO is as motivated as possible? A) Encourage the CEO to take all of her compensations in stock options, which will motivate her to keep the stock price high. B) Offer the largest bonus possible to prevent the CEO from leaving to go a rival firm. C) Link the CEO's pay to her performance but avoid high-powered incentives that may cause reckless behavior. D) Encourage her to emulate Warren Buffett and to take a lower salary than she might command elsewhere.
C) Link the CEO's pay to her performance but avoid high-powered incentives that may
32) Stark Industries is a public stock company. Which of the following statements about the company best illustrates the fact that its investors have limited liability? A) Employees of Stark Industries are legally permitted to invest their capital in the company's stock. B) Employees of Stark Industries are also the owners of the company. C) Shareholders of Stark Industries are responsible to the company only to the capital they have invested. D) Shareholders of Stark Industries are not permitted to trade their company stock at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).
C) Shareholders of Stark Industries are responsible to the company only to the capital
81) General Electric's board has only one inside director, John Flannery, GE's CEO, who also acts as chairman of the board. This is known as duality. Which of the following statements represents the best argument for this duality in GE? A) A CEO is likely to be more responsible because he or she is setting his or her own performance targets. B) The CEO might be able to influence the board through setting the meeting agendas. C) The CEO possesses invaluable inside information that can help him or her chair the board effectively. D) Any CEO will suggest board appointees who are friendly toward him or her.
C) The CEO possesses invaluable inside information that can help him or her chair the
94) Which of the following best supports the fact that Dieselgate was unethical when entering the U.S. market? A) Dieselgate manipulated "triple A" bond ratings to entice investors. B) VW made no effort to ascertain the stability of the real estate market, even though it had the resources and time to do so. C) The engineers installed "defeat devices" that altered the concentration of harmful emissions when EPA regulators tested the vehicles. D) The VW CEO misled investors by spending $50 million on lavish, corporate parties.
C) The engineers installed "defeat devices" that altered the concentration of harmful
90) What helps notions such as fairness, honesty, and reciprocity to be codified into law? A) The notions are synonymous with law. B) The notions differ to some degree in different cultures around the globe. C) The notions are universal norms. D) The notions are characteristics inherited by each person irrespective of the culture.
C) The notions are universal norms.
13) Maritza is trying to understand the relationship between what is legal and what is ethical. Tiffany explains that both of these terms are often synonymous in business. Your response is A) Tiffany is correct; law and ethics are synonymous and should be used interchangeably in business. B) Tiffany is correct; whatever is legal is always ethical in business. C) Tiffany is incorrect; a manager's actions can be legal but ethically questionable. D) Tiffany is incorrect; there is no relationship between laws and ethics except when the board of directors approve an action.
C) Tiffany is incorrect; a manager's actions can be legal but ethically questionable.
27) Janet hires Vanessa to perform a critical task in her organization. However, Vanessa has misrepresented her knowledge, skills and abilities and Janet has no way of knowing whether Vanessa can indeed perform well. This is an example of A) agency theory. B) disparate treatment. C) adverse selection. D) ineffective corporate governance.
C) adverse selection.
16) Jonathan is interested in building the centerpiece of his firm's corporate governance, and so hires a ________ that is made up of individuals from both inside and outside the firm. A) strategy consultant B) C-level suite team C) board of directors D) shareholders
C) board of directors
85) Because of poor management, the stock price of Rearden Steel Inc. falls and many investors sell their shares. Soon Rearden Steel becomes the target of a hostile takeover, during which Dildred buys enough shares to exert control over the firm. In this scenario, Dildred performs the role of a(n) A) inside director. B) outside director. C) corporate raider. D) corporate consultant.
C) corporate raider.
76) What do we call the board members who are part of a company's senior management team appointed by shareholders to provide the board with necessary information pertaining to the company's internal workings and performance? A) investors B) outside directors C) inside directors D) auditors
C) inside directors
54) The informational advantage that agents possess over principals is often based on the fact that A) the information is extremely secure and protected from exposure to anyone outside the company. B) public stock companies are characterized by information symmetry. C) insiders are the first to learn about important developments before the information is released to the public. D) agents are legally permitted to freely trade the information in exchange for benefits, unlike principals.
C) insiders are the first to learn about important developments before the information is
78) Larry is a board member at Entertainment 720Inc. He is also a senior executive of the firm. The board is chaired by Denise Carrows, the CEO of Umbrella Corp. According to this scenario, Larry A) cannot serve on the board of any other organization. B) is more likely than Denise to take care of stockholder interests. C) is an inside director of Entertainment 720. D) can use information from board meetings to trade stocks of Entertainment 720.
C) is an inside director of Entertainment 720.
64) A company scientist at a biotechnology company decides to work on his own research project, hoping to eventually start his own firm, rather than on the project he was assigned. However, the company's stockholders are unaware of this situation. This is an example of a(n) ________ in the context of a principal-agent problem. A) adverse selection B) stakeholder strategy C) moral hazard D) shared value creation
C) moral hazard
7) It is up to shareholders to make certain that the financial statements that their firms release are correct and not misleading. ⊚ true ⊚ false
FALSE
77) Globex Inc. has a board of directors that consists of seven members. Which of the following is most likely an accurate statement about Globex's board of directors? A) Globex's board of directors ensures the firm's compliance with laws and regulations but does not conduct risk assessments. B) Globex's board of directors provides guidance for the firm's CEO but does not monitor the firm's corporate actions. C) Globex's board of directors oversees the firm's succession plan but does not evaluate the firm's CEO. D) Globex's board of directors has a minority number of inside directors and it evaluates the firm's strategic initiatives.
D) Globex's board of directors has a minority number of inside directors and it
67) Jim is the CEO of a financial services firm. What action should Jim take to be sure the firm avoids moral hazards? A) He should closely monitor the behavior and performance of new employees to be certain that they have the skills they claimed to have in interviews. B) Jim must increase hiring and develop influential relationships with government officials so that his firm will be considered "too big to fail." C) He must create a plan in which government agencies, or a consortium of otherfinancial services firms will assume any future debts of the company. D) Jim should define undue risk-taking, institute strict auditing of loans, and make it clear that the company will fire employees who lend recklessly.
D) Jim should define undue risk-taking, institute strict auditing of loans, and make it
26) ________ is the term that describes the difficulty of the principal to ascertain whether the agent has really put forth a best effort. A) Disparate treatment B) Adverse selection C) The agent issue D) Moral hazard
D) Moral hazard
29) Laura owns and runs Cyberdyne Systems Corp., a private start-up company with a current value of $1.3 billion. Cyberdyne Systems Corp.is interested in going public to fund future growth. Which action should Laura take before Cyberdyne Systems Corp.'s initial public offering? A) Laura should come up with a business plan for what Cyberdyne Systems Corp. will do once it is no longer publicly traded. B) She and senior managers should write down their code of ethics. C) Laura should not embark on an IPO until Cyberdyne Systems Corp.'s value is higher. D) She should investigate Cyberdyne Systems Corp.'s existing or potential problems with ethics or the law, if such problems exist.
D) She should investigate Cyberdyne Systems Corp.'s existing or potential problems
44) Which of the following statements best supports the view that GE's Ecomagination strategy is in line with the shared value creation framework? A) The Ecomagination strategy is the brainchild of the founder of the company. B) The Ecomagination strategy helps GE spend more on research and development than other similar companies. C) The Ecomagination strategy generated $3 billion in revenues for GE during 2012. D) The Ecomagination strategy allows GE to produce "green" products while increasing revenue and competitive advantage.
D) The Ecomagination strategy allows GE to produce "green" products while
88) What are poison pills? A) Shareholders use them to prevent the founder of a company from taking the company private through a leveraged buyout. B) They are unspecified conditions in the contract between stakeholders in an organization. C) Companies use them in a bid to perform a hostile takeover of competing firms. D) They are defensive provisions that kick in should a buyer reach a certain level of share ownership.
D) They are defensive provisions that kick in should a buyer reach a certain level of
102) The name for an agreed-upon code of conduct in business, based on societal norms, is A) fiduciary responsibilities. B) poison pills. C) strategic business points. D) business ethics.
D) business ethics.
61) Tom and James are customer care employees at Omni Consumer Products. In between calls, Tom and James spend time on Facebook and YouTube. The relaxed guidelines at Omni Consumer Products allow them to do that. However, sometimes, they knowingly avoid answering calls or keep customers on hold, while they check their social networking accounts. Such behavior A) is neither unlawful nor unethical; hence, Tom and James cannot be reprimanded. B) typically exemplifies the agency problem of adverse selection. C) demonstrates the dangers of information asymmetry. D) can be stopped by implementing performance incentives and strict control mechanisms.
D) can be stopped by implementing performance incentives and strict control
53) Jordan is president of a medium-sized bank. What can he do to lessen the chance of employees or board members taking part in insider trading? A) forbid managers and executives from having access to private information B) forbid board members from having access to private information C) work with analysts and customer-facing employees to root out information asymmetry D) create a strict code of ethics and explain that inside traders will be fired
D) create a strict code of ethics and explain that inside traders will be fired
17) Frank is a newly elected board member of XYZ Inc., a publicly traded stock. As a newly elected board member, Frank has a(n) ________, which is a legal duty to act solely in another party's interests. A) moral code B) ethical obligation C) competitive advantage D) fiduciary responsibility
D) fiduciary responsibility
74) Jerry is a senior manager for the Paper Street Soap Company. Because of his experience, he has been appointed to the board of Clean Inc., even though he doesn't work for this firm. He also serves on the boards of several other companies. Jerry is a(n)________ for Paper Street Soap Company and a(n) ________ for Clean Inc. A) CEO; COO B) COO; CEO C) outside director; inside director D) inside director; outside director
D) inside director; outside director
79) Ghada is the CEO of Black Mesa Inc., a publicly traded company. The shareholders want Ghada on the board of directors despite her recent appointment as the CEO. This decision of the shareholders is most likely because Ghada is A) a board member of a major client. B) more likely than other board members to take care of the stockholders. C) also the CEO of other companies. D) likely to provide the board with valuable inside information.
D) likely to provide the board with valuable inside information.
68) Gordon's role in providing inside information to Pearson Specter Litt for the benefit of Pearson Specter Litt's stockholders and himself is an example of A) shareholder capitalism. B) adverse selection. C) shared value creation. D) moral hazard.
D) moral hazard.
8) It can be difficult for shareholders of publicly traded companies to determine how much money those companies are making or losing because these companies use different accounting firms, and each accounting firm follows different rules. ⊚ true ⊚ false
FALSE
52) Amanda, the CEO of Weyland YutaniInc., reports to the board of directors appointed by the shareholders of Weyland Yutani. Based on shareholder suggestions, the board ties Amanda's compensation to the performance of Weyland Yutani. Due to this pressure, Amanda begins devoting extra time to projects and undertakes other activities to ensure that she has job security and that she receives adequate compensation. The reasons why the board ties Amanda's compensation to firm performance is to overcome A) shareholder capitalism scenario. B) inside director-outside director conflict. C) fiduciary responsibility oversight. D) principal-agent problem.
D) principal-agent problem.
48) In public stock companies, which of the following expectations of principals is most likely to lead to principal-agent problems? A) the expectation that the agent will follow the country's laws and regulations B) the expectation that the agent will go above and beyond the call of duty C) the expectation that the agent will reconnect economic and social needs D) the expectation that the agent will act in the principal's best interest
D) the expectation that the agent will act in the principal's best interest
46) Grameen Bank in Bangladesh was founded to provide microcredit to impoverished farmers who wanted to start their own entrepreneurial ventures that would help them climb out of poverty. This best exemplifies Michael Porter's suggestion that A) managers need to keep economic needs and societal needs disconnected from each other. B) a firm should expand its internal value chain to include nontraditional partners. C) businesses should focus on creating regional clusters such as Silicon Valley in the United States. D) the largest but poorest socioeconomic group can yield significant business opportunities.
D) the largest but poorest socioeconomic group can yield significant business
33) Johnathan owns shares in a company called Delos Inc. The company's financial performance has been declining over the past few months, and the value of its stock has been decreasing. Johnathan wants to proactively cut his losses and therefore sells his shares. Mary, a trading enthusiast, buys shares in Delos Inc. Industries because she believes that the share prices cannot go anywhere but up. Which of the following characteristics of a public stock company does this scenario best exemplify? A) separation of legal ownership and management control B) legal personality C) limited liability for investors D) transferability of investor ownership
D) transferability of investor ownership
10) Research indicates that most corporate ethics problems are caused by a few "bad apples" rather than an unethical culture. ⊚ true ⊚ false
FALSE
11) Corporate governance needs to address the issue of adverse selection, which describes the difficult for the principal to know whether the agent has really put forth his/her best efforts. ⊚ true ⊚ false
FALSE
12) Executive compensation is an important element of corporate governance. Research has found that the rate of executive pay to average employee pay has been relatively stable over the last couple of decades. ⊚ true ⊚ false
FALSE
2) A detergent manufacturer decides to clean up the waterways it uses even though no federal, state, or local laws require the firm to do this. The firm's managers believe that the cleanup will improve the company's image and benefit the environment. This scenario is an example of shareholder capitalism. ⊚ true ⊚ false
FALSE
4) Alexi was a manager at Inquiry Inc. Instead of working full-time on Inquiry's projects, she used Inquiry's tools, employees, computers, and other resources to work on a research project that she hopes might help her start her own firm. This is an example of adverse selection. ⊚ true ⊚ false
FALSE
