Chapter 13

A conference of social scientists studying the effects of pornography unanimously agreed that violent pornography

leads viewers to be more accepting of coercion in sexual relations

If we encounter a person who appears to be high on drugs, and we make the fundamental attribution error, we will probably attribute the persons' behavior to

moral weakness or an addictive personality

If several well-publicized murders are committed by member of a particular group, we may tend to react with fear and suspicion toward all members of that group. In other words, we

overgeneralize from vivid, memorable cases

Kelly, a republican, and Carlos, a democrat, both believe that members of their own political party are more fair-minded and trustworthy than members of other parties. Their beliefs best illustrate

In-group bias

Bonnie pedals an exercise bike at her health club much faster when other patrons happen to be working out on a nearby equipment. This best illustrates

Social facilitation

The hostilities between 2 racial subgroups of a river front community were dramatically reduced when the threat of their river flooding its banks required that they work together to save their town. This best illustrates the impact of

Superordinate goals

When visiting Bergen- Belsen concentration camp after WW2, one german civilian was said to have remarked, "what terrible criminals these prisoners must have been to receive such treatment." This reaction best explained in terms of

The just work phenomenon

Max fails to recycle his glass, metal, and plastic garbage because he thinks its personally inconvenient and likely to have a minimal impact on the city's already overflowing landfills. His reaction best illustrates the dynamics of

The mere exposure effect

The bystander effect states that a particular bystanders is less likely to give aid if

there are other people present

Professor Stewart wrote a very positive letter of recommendation for a student despite having doubts about her competence. Which theory best explains why he subsequently began to develop more favorable attitudes about the students abilities?

cognitive dissonance theory