Chapter 14 Homework Quiz

Which of the following cities considered their-selves to be the rightful capital of the Roman Catholic Church?

- Rome ( 1 of them). -Avignon??

Today the general public tends to think of art as the creative expression of an________________. In the 14th century European artist did not always enjoy this degree of freedom. Historically, they rarely undertook major artworks without receiving a _____________________.

A: Individual artist B: Specific Commission ONE IS WRONG.

When we look at the at the Late Gothic work Madonna Enthroned by Cimabue and the Early Renaissance work Madonna Enthroned by Giotto, we see both similarities and differences. Both works can be considered transitional works. By use of observation, knowledge learned in chapter readings, which of these statements is/are true about these two works.

All of these

During the 14th century Europe _____________ were the product of service contracts, a patron's needs or wishes played a crucial role in the final form of any painting, sculpture, or building.

Artworks

Pietro Lorenzetti's altarpiece Birth of the Virgin is only noteworthy for achieving a remarkable degree of spatial illusionism. He painted the wooden architectural members dividing the altarpiece into three sections as though they extended back into the painted space.

B) False

____________ presented his altarpiece in the Medieval format emphasizing prominent halos and the frontality of the poses of the principle characters. A lack of modeling reveals the Byzantine roots as does his use of gold leaf.

Berlinghieri

The interior program of the Arena Chapel presents which of the following pictorial cycles?

Christian Redemption

These styles were the three most important ingredients in the formation of the distinctive and original art of the 14th-century Italy?

Classical and Byzantine tradition and French Gothic style.

In the 14th century Europe as it was in the time of the great pilgrimage churches of the Romanesque period all civil pride laid in the city's cathedral.

False

Nicola Pisano, pulpit of the baptistery, Pisa, Italy and Nicola Pisano, Annunciation, Nativity, and Adoration of the Shepherds How did the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II influence the sculptural tradition of Italy?

Frederick II was king of Sicily and a great humanist. His nostalgia for the past grandeur of Rome influenced a revival of interest in Roman sculpture. This renewed interest in the classical past found a voice in the work of Nicola Pisano. Nicola Pisano's work on the pulpit in Pisa exemplifies this fascination with Roman sculpture for the relief panels echo Roman sarcophagi.

With _______________, Western painters turned away from the spiritual world—the focus of medieval European artists—and once again moved resolutely toward the visible world as the inspiration for their art.

Giotto

The Sienese architect Lorenzo Maitani designed the Orvieto Cathedral. The pointed gables over the doorway, the rose window, and the large pinnacles derive from French architecture, but the façade of Orvieto Cathedral is merely a __________________________

Gothic overlay masking a timber-roofed basilica.

When the Italian humanists of the 16th century condemned the art of the late Middle Ages in northern Europe as "Gothic", they did so by comparing it with the contemporary art of Italy, which was an conscious revival of classical art. Italian artists and scholars regarded medieval artworks as distortions of the noble art of the

Greeks and Romans

Giovanni Pisano, Annunciation, Nativity, and Adoration of the Shepherds The work of Giovanni Pisano, as seen in his pulpit for Sant' Andrea at Pistoia shows a nervous energy and emotion not found in the work of his father. Giovanni's work shows his interest in what?

NOT Burgeoning Naturalism

Cimabue was one of the first artist to break from the Italo-Byzantine style that dominated 13th century Italian painting. Cimabue's Madonna Enthroned with Angles and Prophetshas been described as "the final summary of Byzantine art before its transformation." Which of these statements supports this quote that it is still done Italo-Byzantine style and which ones support that that it is breaking away from it?

NOT D) supports Italo-Byzantine 1, 4; moving away from Italo-Byzantine 2, 3

Peaceful Country represents one of the first coherent appearances of ______________ in western art since antiquity.

NOT Pure landscape

Cavallini a pioneering figure in the creation of the Renaissance style in Italy, effectively used _______________ as the apostles sit on deep thrones and light to create _______________. Question options:

Perspective; volume and mass

_____________ is known for a revival of Classical themes in art and literature, a return to the realistic depiction of nature through keen observation, and the revitalization of the Greek philosophy of humanism, in which human dignity, ideas, and capabilities are of central importance.

Renaissance

Why were so many Italian church facades left uncompleted during the 14th Century?

The Italian architect did not consider the façade as an integral part of the structure. They considered the exterior as a mere screen that could be added later at any time.

Even though Duccio showed restraint Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints of the Maesta he allowed himself greater attitude for experimentation in the small accompanying panels, Betrayal of Jesus. Which of these statements is not an example of this greater experimentation?

The background with its golden sky and rock formations.

Giotto's frescoes served as textbooks for generations of Renaissance painters, in the Lamentation we see some of the devices he used to make his work and the reason he influenced so many other painters. Which of these are NOT true statements about Giotto's Lamentation?

The rhythm of expanding and contracting forms of the drapery folds in the garment and backdrop produces a most vivid effect of motion and change, but he held it in check by the regularity of the design and by the dominating motif of the inscribed cross.

Giotto di Bondone, interior of the Arena Chapel In the interior program of the Arena Chapel the color ____________ functions as a unifying agent for the entire decorative scheme.

blue

Simone Martini and Lippo Memmi, Annunciation altarpiece Simone Martini's Annunciation ___________________

is elegant shape, radiant color and flowing line and becomes a metaphor for the courtly style of the French Gothic painter.

Pietro Lorenzetti's Birth of the Virgin ___________________

is presented as if it occurred in a contemporaneous Italian household. The careful observation of domestic details placed the event in an actual household.

Duccio di Buoninsegna, Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints Duccio's Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints (Maesta)

retains Byzantine formality and symmetry; but he has softened this to a "conversation" between some of the characters. Also, some of the participants have been individualized and the stiffness of the ceremonial gestures has been relaxed.

What did Giotto incorporate into his work at the Arena Chapel?

stage-like settings

The most devastating natural disaster in Europe during the late 1300s was which of the following?

the Black Death

What did the guilds protect?

the members' economic interest

The Triumph of Death is a powerful depiction of death and the folly of pleasure and the inevitability of death. The Dominicans, an order committed to a life of poverty, participated in the design of this work. Based on this which of the following groups would be portrayed in a negative light?

the young aristocrats