Chapter 15

Compared with conventional antipsychotic medications, the dosage-response curve for atypical medications reveal which relationship between drug efficacy and extrapyramidal side effects? A) a wider gap between the drug's efficacy and extrapyramidal side effects for low and moderate dosage levels B)a narrower gap between the drug's efficacy and extrapyramidal side effects for low and moderate dosage levels C)a linear increase in extrapyramidal side effects as dosage levels increase D)no change in extrapyramidal side effects as dosage levels increase

A) a wider gap between the drug's efficacy and extrapyramidal side effects for low and moderate dosage levels

Research has found that people with schizophrenia who received _____ were less likely to be readmitted to the hospital compared with those who received _____. A) social therapy and antipsychotic medication; only social therapy or antipsychotic medication B)social therapy only; social therapy and antipsychotic medication C)antipsychotic medication only; social therapy and antipsychotic medication D)no treatment at all; social therapy

A) social therapy and antipsychotic medication; only social therapy or antipsychotic medication

If a person being treated for schizophrenia goes each day to a center where the focus is on improving social skills and receiving therapy, the person is participating in: A)partial hospitalization. B)a sheltered workshop. C)a residential center. D)a support group.

A)partial hospitalization.

The way people with schizophrenia were housed in mental hospitals during the first half of the twentieth century could be compared to a: A)storage facility. B)critical care unit in a modern hospital. C)retirement community. D)military barrack.

A)storage facility.

If you were working with a patient who displayed muscle tremors and rigidity, facial tics, and tardive dyskinesia, you would suspect that the person was receiving: A)electroconvulsive therapy. B)antipsychotic drugs. C)milieu therapy. D)psychodynamic therapy.

B)antipsychotic drugs.

A therapist wants to implement a token economy. To help ensure that the program is effective, the therapist should: A)create a plus and minus system, awarding tokens for desired behavior and taking tokens for undesired behavior. B)define the behavior to be reinforced and establish expectations for earning tokens. C)first create a bare minimum standard for living comforts so that the tokens and rewards become more desirable. D)be generous when initially awarding tokens to increase interest in the reward system.

B)define the behavior to be reinforced and establish expectations for earning tokens.

Helena was just discharged from a public mental health facility. She went to live with other former patients in a group-living arrangement. There were staff members there to help, but the residents controlled most of the day-to-day activities. Helena's living arrangement is a: A)day center. B)halfway house. C)short-term hospital. D)sheltered workshop.

B)halfway house.

Research suggests that even though second-generation antipsychotic medications reduce psychotic symptoms, they: A)offer no insight as to what causes schizophrenia in the first place. B)may only moderately improve overall life satisfaction among those with chronic schizophrenia. C)represent a minor advance in the treatment of schizophrenia compared to conventional antipsychotic drugs. D)produce other symptoms that are more debilitating than those that are produced by conventional medications.

B)may only moderately improve overall life satisfaction among those with chronic schizophrenia.

A person who is experiencing a potentially fatal reaction to an antipsychotic drug involving muscle rigidity and autonomic nervous system dysfunction is displaying: A)Parkinson-like symptoms. B)neuroleptic malignant syndrome. C)tardive dyskinesia. D)akathisia.

B)neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Which statement is accurate advice that you could give someone thinking about taking traditional antipsychotic medication for schizophrenia? A)"Try psychotherapy first; it often works just as well." B)"If you have negative symptoms of schizophrenia, you can expect better results from medication." C)"Although these drugs will probably work, there are significant side effects." D)"Although these drugs work well, you probably won't see the maximum results until after six weeks."

C)"Although these drugs will probably work, there are significant side effects."

Imagine that your neighbor, who is being treated for schizophrenia, says that she has mostly negative symptoms of schizophrenia and is afraid of the extrapyramidal side effects of medication. She asks you what she should do. Based on current research, the BEST response is: A)"Avoid all types of medication and stick to insight therapy." B)"Try conventional antipsychotic drugs; they should work best." C)"Try atypical antipsychotics; they should work best." D)"Any medication should work about as well as any other medication."

C)"Try atypical antipsychotics; they should work best."

Someone says to you, "Homeless people scare me. They're all crazy." Based on research, what is the BEST response? A)"It's true that most homeless people experience a serious psychotic disorder." B)"That's a big myth. Virtually no homeless people are truly schizophrenic." C)"Unfortunately, about a quarter of homeless people have schizophrenia." D)"You should be scared. Mentally ill homeless people are usually violent.

C)"Unfortunately, about a quarter of homeless people have schizophrenia."

A hospitalized patient no longer talks about delusions and hallucinations, thanks to participating in a token economy program. However, critics of the token economy program would say that the token economy program has: A)worsened the negative symptoms of the disorder. B)treated the schizophrenia without medication. C)not eliminated the delusions and hallucinations but has improved the patient's ability to imitate normal behavior. D)changed a Type I disorder into a Type II disorder.

C)not eliminated the delusions and hallucinations but has improved the patient's ability to imitate normal behavior.

Hallucination reinterpretation and acceptance is a therapeutic approach that includes all of the following features EXCEPT: A)helping clients identify situations and events that trigger hallucinations. B)having clients test the validity that their hallucinations exert control over them. C)teaching clients to identify the source of their hallucinations. D)having clients record what the voices in their head are saying.

C)teaching clients to identify the source of their hallucinations.

A third-grade teacher gives students stickers throughout the school day when they engage in appropriate behaviors. At the end of the day, students can trade in their stickers for treats from the class "treasure chest." This program is MOST similar to which form of therapy used for institutionalized people with schizophrenia? A)milieu therapy B)insight therapy C)token economy D)partial hospitalization

C)token economy

A psychiatrist says, "I want to maximize the antipsychotic effect of a drug while minimizing its undesirable side effects." What's the BEST advice you can give the psychiatrist? A)"Unfortunately, effective doses of conventional and atypical antipsychotic drugs both produce a lot of undesirable side effects." B)"Fortunately, effective doses of both conventional and atypical antipsychotic drugs do not produce a lot of undesirable side effects." C)"Use a conventional antipsychotic drug." D)"Use an atypical antipsychotic drug."

D)"Use an atypical antipsychotic drug."

Which statement about medication and schizophrenia is the LEAST accurate? A)Medication is very helpful for some, moderately helpful for others, and ineffective for the remainder of those suffering from schizophrenia. B)Medication can alleviate some problems, but it can also create new ones. C)The approaches to treating schizophrenia have vastly improved over the last several decades. D)Medication is the only effective way to treat schizophrenia.

D)Medication is the only effective way to treat schizophrenia.

How can one BEST determine whether the use of token economies is an effective means of changing problematic behavior? A)Observe how behavior changes after people receive tokens for appropriate behavior. B)Record a person's behavior before and after administration of tokens. C)Ask therapists and staff if they think the use of tokens changed patients' behavior. D)Record and compare behavior between a group that received tokens against a group that did not.

D)Record and compare behavior between a group that received tokens against a group that did not.

Which statement about atypical antipsychotic drugs is NOT true? A)They are less likely to produce extrapyramidal side effects than conventional antipsychotic drugs, especially when administered in low doses. B)They operate on different receptor sites compared to conventional antipsychotic medications. C)They treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia as well as negative symptoms, but to a smaller degree. D)They produce very few side effects compared to other antipsychotic medications.

D)They produce very few side effects compared to other antipsychotic medications.

As a psychiatrist, you prescribe a patient with schizophrenia a second-generation antipsychotic medication. What patient education, regarding this medicine, should you provide? A)This medication is most effective against negative symptoms of schizophrenia. B)This medication is commonly associated with undesired extrapyramidal symptoms. C)This medication is effective in only a small percentage of patients who take it. D)This medication needs to be taken even after symptoms have subsided.

D)This medication needs to be taken even after symptoms have subsided.

When Grant was released from the hospital after receiving treatment for schizophrenia, his parents scolded him about finding a job and were very critical of his dietary habits. Grant later became suspicious of his parents, and his delusional thoughts soon returned. This example illustrates: A)a high level of expressed emotion displayed by Grant's parents. B)unconditional positive regard for feelings. C)cognitive dissonance between Grant and his parents. D)a common problem that occurs when people are released from mental hospitals.

A)a high level of expressed emotion displayed by Grant's parents.

Some hospitalized mental patients not only failed to improve but also suffered negative effects of their care. This syndrome is called: A)schizophrenogenesis. B)hyperinstitutionalization. C)social breakdown syndrome. D)downward drift.

C)social breakdown syndrome.

If you are being treated for schizophrenia and are learning to distract yourself from the voices you hear and to reinterpret them as just a symptom of your disorder rather than reality, you are MOST likely receiving: A)psychotherapy. B)newer antipsychotic drugs. C)family therapy. D)cognitive-behavioral therapy.

D)cognitive-behavioral therapy.

If a person with schizophrenia were making involuntary ticlike movements of the tongue, mouth, face, or whole body, smacking the lips, and making sucking and chewing movements, one would suspect the patient: A)was taking too much antipsychotic medication. B)was taking too little antipsychotic medication. C)had been taking antipsychotic medication for a short time. D)had been taking antipsychotic medication for a long time.

D)had been taking antipsychotic medication for a long time.