Chapter 15: Foreign Policy

What is the name of the failed tactic used by the British with respect to Nazi Germany to try to prevent World War II?

Appeasement

Match each foreign policy tool with the correct example of its use.

Collective Security: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization specifies that an attack against one country is an attack against all member nations. Military force: The United States sends a carrier battle group to conduct flight operations during a crisis with Iran over access to the Strait of Hormuz. Arbitration: Nigeria asks the International Court of Justice to resolve a long-standing dispute it has with a neighboring country. Economic aid: Australia gives Indonesia money to help the Indonesian government provide basic services to its citizens after a typhoon.

The foreign policy section of the bureaucracy has changed since the September 11 attacks, including the creation of several new posts. Which of the following posts or departments were part of this expansion?

Correct Answer(s) director of national intelligence Incorrect Answer(s) Secretary of State director of the Central Intelligence Agency Department of State

What kinds of foreign policy issues might interest groups get involved in?

Correct Answer(s) environmental activists seeking to promote climate agreements Jewish Americans lobbying against a foreign deal that they believe hurts Israel a business lobby objecting to China's piracy of intellectual property rights concerned citizens attempting to get the United States to oppose human rights abuses by foreign governments Incorrect Answer(s) N/A

Which federal department is responsible for diplomacy?

Department of State

The United Nations has extensive powers to implement its rules and resolutions through through an extensive and powerful military.

False

There are many different actors on the foreign policy stage, from interest groups to official government institutions in Congress and the executive branch. Match each entity with where it fits into the foreign policy establishment.

House of Representatives: Committee on Foreign Affairs Senate: Foreign Relations Committee interest group: Amnesty International Executive Office of the President: National Security Council

In the history of American foreign policy in the twentieth century, which came first: American isolationism or American engagement?

Isolationism

Study the graphic on federal defense spending over time, and then answer the following question. According to the graphic, what is the most likely cause for the pattern of U.S. defense spending since 2000?

Th war against terrorism has caused an increase in defense spending.

Which of the following statements about the United States's military involvement is correct?

The president has taken the lead in committing American military to battle in many parts of the world since WWII without much consolation of Congress.

The Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA) primary mission is to collect foreign intelligence.

True

The National Security Council, located in the bureaucracy, is responsible for synthesizing the messages coming out of the foreign policy establishment to help the president make his or her own foreign policy.

_National Security Council _the bureaucracy

Under President George W. Bush, and in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11 and related concerns, America's security policy changed from one of deterrence to a policy of preventive war.

deterrence preventive war

Imagine that the nation of Bermuda was trying to develop the ability to manufacture nuclear weapons, and the United States did not want them to do so. Order the following possible responses the United States could use, from the one that is likely to be tried first to the one that is likely to be used only as a last resort.

diplomacy sanctions military force

A trade deficit means a country is exporting more than it is importing.

false

The threat of massive retaliation is more useful in combating terrorism than in fighting traditional nation-states.

false

An economic "carrot," or incentive, is foreign aid. An economic "stick," or punishment, is sanctions.

foreign aid sanctions

Match each group or organization with its correct category.

non-state actor: Islamic State of Iraq or Syria (ISIS) nation-state: Japan international organization: World Bank

What goals does the International Monetary Fund serve today?

Correct Answer(s) It promotes the structural readjustment of some economies. It facilitates international monetary exchange. Incorrect Answer(s) It finances long-term loans for development in poor countries. It offers cash transfers to assist nations in humanitarian crises.

Which reasons help to explain why military force is often the last resort for America?

Correct Answer(s) Use of military force is risky. American use of military force is financially costly. American use of military force becomes politically unpopular very quickly. American use of military force is potentially costly in terms of human life. Incorrect Answer(s) America's military is insufficient for most conflicts.

Place these major moments in the history of American foreign relations in chronological order from earliest to most recent.

1. Washington 2. Monroe 3. WWII 4. Cold war 5. 09/11

Which of the following organizations or agreements are primarily related to free trade?

Correct Answer(s) _World Trade Organization _United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Incorrect Answer(s) _World Health Organization _North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Which of the following are ways in which Congress can check the power of the president in foreign policy?

Correct Answer(s) fail to ratify a treaty refuse to confirm a nominee for ambassador provide no funding for a military operation Incorrect Answer(s) command the army to cease military actions