Chapter 16 US HISTORY

Between 1870 in 1920, how many immigrants arrived from overseas?

25 million

All of the following were Captains of Industry except: A. John D. Rockefeller B. Andrew Carnegie C. J.P. Morgan D. Samuel Gompers

D. Samuel Gompers

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the years from 1873 to 1897 were known as?

The great depression :(

During the second industrial revolution, wage labor became America's leading employment arrangement.

True

The Industrial Revolution in the US took place principally in:

the Northeast and the Midwest

Which census revealed for the first time that there were more non-farming jobs than farming jobs in the United States?

1880

WHich of the following was not true of the second industrial revolution? A. A boom in automobile manufacture spurred the rise of oil, rubber, and steel production B. More than any other sector, the railroad was the engine of industrialization. C. Some companies rose to dominance by operating at a loss and underselling their rivals D. Some companies beat out the competition by taking on more stages of production and distribution

A. A boom in automobile manufacture spurred the rise of oil, rubber, and steel production

Which of the following was not a key episode of the "great upheaval" of 1886? A. America's first nationwide railroad strike B. The haymarkey affair C. Henry George's New York mayoral campaign D. nationwide demonstration for an 8 hour day

A. America's first nationwide railroad strike

The federal government contributed to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late 19th century by? A. granting land to railroads, removing Indians from desirable lands in the West, and enacting high tariffs B. enacting federal child labor laws, minimum wage laws, and maximum power laws C. banning segregation in federal buildings, and offering free education to free men D. ratifying the equal rights amendment, and guaranteeing women the right to vote

A. granting land to railroads, removing Indians from desirable lands in the West, and enacting high tariffs

The spirit of innovation contributed importantly to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century. Which of the following was not an innovation of the 1870's and 1880's? A. the airplane B. typewriter C. telephone D. handheld camera

A. the airplane

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence? A. Dawes Act, Wounded Knee massacre, Interstate commerce act, Lochner v. New York B. Munn v. Illinois, Wabash v. Illinois, Interstate commerce act, Lochner v. New York C. founding of Knights of Labor, Haymarket Affair, Great Railroad strike of 1877, close of reconstruction D. Sherman Antitrust act, interstate of commerce act, civil service act, panic of 1873

B. Munn v. Illinois, Wabash v. Illinois, Interstate commerce act, Lochner v. New York

Which of the following was not a theme of Social Darwinism? A. Charles Darwin's scientific theories help to explain- and justify- class inequalities in industrial society B. The growing gulf between the haves and the have nots poses a dire threat to American freedom C. By and large, the poor have only themselves to blame for their misfortune D. Government initiatives to ease the hardships of the poor are misguided

B. The growing gulf between the haves and the have nots poses a dire threat to American freedom

Two of the Gilded Age's leading business figures were A. Henry George and Thomas Edison B. Thomas A. Scott and Andrew Carnegie C. Henry Lloyd and John D. Rockefeller D. Terence V. Powderly and William Graham Sumner

B. Thomas A. Scott and Andrew Carnegie

which of the following was not a major reason for the decline and subjugation of the American Indian? A. valuable natural resources out West gave US settlers a powerful incentive to remove Indians B. The widespread image of Indians as barbaric discouraged measures to protect their independence C. Indifference to the advantages of guns and horses Indian resistance to US military power D. The US government regularly broke treaties designating which land would remain in the hand of the Indians

C. Indifference to the advantages of guns and horses Indian resistance to US military power

In the late nineteenth century the republican party found strong support among all of the following except: A. Protestant immigrants B. African-Americans C. Irish-Americans D. Union Veterans

C. Irish-Americans

The phrase that best capture the vision of the Knights of Labor is: A. "Survival of the fittest" B. "Liberty of contract" C."Cooperative commonwealth" D. "Laissez-faire"

C."Cooperative commonwealth"

Which of the following was not a focus of the debate between democrats and republicans during the Gilded Age? A. laws governing cultural habits B. tariffs on imported goods C. memories of the Civil War and Reconstruction D. federal tax income levels

D. federal tax income levels

Which was not a central factor in the explosive economic growth in the second Industrial Revolution? A. The country's abundant natural resources B. growing supply for labor C. expanded markets for manufactured goods D. low tariffs

D. low tariffs

According to Social Darwinism government should seek to help the poor, and build an activist state to regulate the nation's corporations.

False

American presidents during the Gilded Age exerted strong, effective, executive leadership.

False

During the two decades following the Civil War, which were known as the golden age of the cattle kingdom, cowboys were highly paid.

False

The Democrats were the party of big governments; The Republicans were the party of laissez-faire.

False

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, which banned combinations and practices that restrain free trade, proved an immediate success, both for its clarity of language and ease of enforcement.

False

The Social Gospel movement concentrated on attacking individual sins such as drinking and Sabbath-breaking and saw nothing immoral about the pursuit of riches.

False

The West was a remarkably homogeneous region- only in the 20th century would it become ethically diverse.

False

The new Indian tribes that migrated to the Great Plains were greeted with open arms by the tribes already there.

False

With the mechanization of manufacture, skilled workers virtually disappeared from industrial America.

False

Yale professor William Graham Sumner believed that America could achieve its ideals only with fair, progressive, taxation.

False

Who said "If the white man wants to live in peace with the Indian he can live in peace. There need be no trouble. Treat all men alike. Give them the same law. Give them all and even chance to live and grow"

Indian Chief Lakota

The book in which Henry George proposed a "single tax" on real estate that would replace all other taxes

Progress and Poverty

The first federal agency intended to regulate economic activity and ensure that railroads were reasonable and favoritism was avoided was

The Interstate Commerce Commission

What was the name of the organization that sought to organize both skilled and unskilled workers, women as well as men, blacks along with whites, and achieved a membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886?

The Knights of Labor

By the early 1890s, a pension system for Union soldiers, their widows, and children consumed more than 40 percent of the federal budget.

True

Following the Civil war, generals like Philip H. Sheridan set out to destroy the foundations of the Indian economy.

True

Neither of the two main political parties embraced any serious federal program to cushion citizens from poverty or unemployment.

True

On December 29, 1890, soldiers killed between 150 and 200 Indians, most women and children, near Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota.

True

The Civil Service Act of 1883 marked the first step in establishing a professional civil service and removing officeholding from the hands of political machines.

True

The Haymarket Affair resulted in the hanging of 4 convicted anarchists,

True

The Knights of labor regarded inequalities of wealth and power as a growing threat to American democracy.

True

The extermination of the buffalo drastically undermined the livelihood of the Plains Indians.

True

The largest official execution in American history took place in December 1862 when 38 Sioux Indians were hanged.

True

The most famous Indian victory in American history took place in June 1876 when General George A. Custer and his 250 men perished.

True

The term "Lochnerism" derived from the 1905 Supreme Court decision Lochner v. New York, in which the court voided the state's law establishing a 10 hour work day maximum for bakers.

True

Wage reductions were commonplace during economic downturns.

True

The political "boss" of NYC in the early 1870's was

William Marcy Tweed

The politics of the Gilded Age America was said to be

a time of dishonesty and corruption in which corporations battled each other for special consideration by local state and federal governments

The 1887 Dawes Act led to

loss of tribal lands, and the erosion of Indian cultural traditions

By 1913 the United State produced how much of the worlds industrial output?

one third

In the 1890 distribution of wealth in the US was:

the top 1% owned more property than the remaining 99%