Chapter 17 Chemistry and Combustion

A cubic centimeter of a typical diesel fuel would require approximately what volume of air at sea level to completely oxidize it?

12,000 cc

Calculate the stoichiometric requirement of a fuel composed of 84% carbon, 15% hydrogen, and 1% sulfur when combusted in ambient air.

14.96: 1

Oxygen has a valence of ___

2

Calculate the stoichiometric requirement of a fuel composed of 84% carbon, 15% hydrogen, and 1% sulfur when combusted in pure oxygen.

3.34: 1

How many electrons would a balanced atom of carbon contain?

6

How many protons would a balanced atom of oxygen contain?

8

Which of the following statements correctly describes air?

A mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and inert gases

Technician A states that the end products of both an explosion and a combustion reaction are similar. Technician B states that an explosion is an oxidation reaction that occurs in much less time than what would be described as combustion in an engine cylinder. Who is correct?

Both A and B

Technician A states that when diesel fuel is combusted, one of the products of combustion is water. Technician B states that carbon dioxide results from burning diesel fuel. Who is correct?

Both A and B

Technician A states that most electronically managed diesel engines are run at precise stoichiometric ratios of air and fuel after the engine is at operating temperature. Technician B states that most diesel engines are managed to run at rich fuel-to-air ratios. Who is correct?

Neither A nor B

The atomic number of an element indicates the number of ___ in an atom of the element.

Protons

Technician A states that hydrogen is an inert element. Technician B states that carbon can be classified as a reactive element. Who is correct?

Technician B only

Technician A states that the stoichiometric requirement of a gasoline combusted in air at sea level must be precisely 14.7:1. Technician B states that the stoichiometric requirement of a diesel fuel ranges between 14.5:1 and 15.1:1. Who is correct?

Technician B only

Combustion in an engine cylinder that takes place with more than one flame front is correctly known as _____.

detonation

The most abundant element found in the known universe is _____.

hydrogen

The theory that explains the atomic differences in the three states of matter is known as:

kinetic molecular theory

The smallest particle of a compound that can exist in the free state and retain the chemical identity of the compound is known as a(n) _____.

molecule

Proportionately, the largest ingredient in an in-engine cylinder, combustion reaction is ________.

nitrogen

The most abundant element found in the earth's crust is _____.

oxygen

the term used to describe a combustion reaction in which the exact proportions of fuel and air are present is ____.

stoichiometric