Chapter 17 Chemistry and Combustion
A cubic centimeter of a typical diesel fuel would require approximately what volume of air at sea level to completely oxidize it?
12,000 cc
Calculate the stoichiometric requirement of a fuel composed of 84% carbon, 15% hydrogen, and 1% sulfur when combusted in ambient air.
14.96: 1
Oxygen has a valence of ___
2
Calculate the stoichiometric requirement of a fuel composed of 84% carbon, 15% hydrogen, and 1% sulfur when combusted in pure oxygen.
3.34: 1
How many electrons would a balanced atom of carbon contain?
6
How many protons would a balanced atom of oxygen contain?
8
Which of the following statements correctly describes air?
A mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and inert gases
Technician A states that the end products of both an explosion and a combustion reaction are similar. Technician B states that an explosion is an oxidation reaction that occurs in much less time than what would be described as combustion in an engine cylinder. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Technician A states that when diesel fuel is combusted, one of the products of combustion is water. Technician B states that carbon dioxide results from burning diesel fuel. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Technician A states that most electronically managed diesel engines are run at precise stoichiometric ratios of air and fuel after the engine is at operating temperature. Technician B states that most diesel engines are managed to run at rich fuel-to-air ratios. Who is correct?
Neither A nor B
The atomic number of an element indicates the number of ___ in an atom of the element.
Protons
Technician A states that hydrogen is an inert element. Technician B states that carbon can be classified as a reactive element. Who is correct?
Technician B only
Technician A states that the stoichiometric requirement of a gasoline combusted in air at sea level must be precisely 14.7:1. Technician B states that the stoichiometric requirement of a diesel fuel ranges between 14.5:1 and 15.1:1. Who is correct?
Technician B only
Combustion in an engine cylinder that takes place with more than one flame front is correctly known as _____.
detonation
The most abundant element found in the known universe is _____.
hydrogen
The theory that explains the atomic differences in the three states of matter is known as:
kinetic molecular theory
The smallest particle of a compound that can exist in the free state and retain the chemical identity of the compound is known as a(n) _____.
molecule
Proportionately, the largest ingredient in an in-engine cylinder, combustion reaction is ________.
nitrogen
The most abundant element found in the earth's crust is _____.
oxygen
the term used to describe a combustion reaction in which the exact proportions of fuel and air are present is ____.
stoichiometric