Chapter 2 Cultural Geography

Subcultures

Groups of people with norms, values, and material practices that differentiate them from the dominant culture to which they belong.

Indigenous Technical knowledge (ITK)

Highly localized knowledge about environmental conditions and sustainable land-use practices.

Folk Geography

The study of the spatial patterns and ecology of traditional groups; a branch of cultural geography

Nonmaterial Culture

The wide range of tales, songs, lore, beliefs, values, and customs that pass from generation to generation as part of an oral or written tradition

Folk

Traditional, rural; the opposite of "popular"

pétanque

A bowling game played with small metal balls

Agroforestry

A cultivation system that features the interplanting of trees with field crops

Indigenous Culture

A culture group that constitutes the original inhabitants of a territory, distinct from the dominant national culture, which is often derived from colonial occupation

Vernacular Culture Region

A culture region perceived to exist by its inhabitants, based in the collective spatial perception of the population at large, and bearing a generally accepted name or nickname (the valley)

Popular Culture

A dynamic culture based in large, heterogeneous societies permitting considerable individualism, innovation, and change; having a money- based economy, division of labor into professions, secular institutions of control , and weak interpersonal ties; producing and consuming machine-made goods. May produce placelessness/ regionlessness Heirarchical diffusion globalization is most visibly at work here - convergence hypothesis

Convergence Hypothesis

A hypothesis holding that cultural differences among places are being reduced by improved transportation and communication systems, leading to a homogenization of popular culture.

Consumer Nationalism

A situation in which local consumers favor nationally produced goods over imported goods as part of a nationalist political agenda.

Folk Culture

A small, cohesive, stable, isolated, nearly self sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race; characterized by a strong family or clan structure, order maintained through sanctions based in the religion or family, little division of labor other than that between the sexes, frequent and strong interpersonal relationships, and a material culture consisting mainly of handmade goods.

Placelessness

A spatial standardization that diminishes regional variety; may result from the spread of popular culture, which can diminish or destroy the uniqueness of place through cultural standardization on a national or even worldwide scale.

Material Culture

All physical, tangible objects Made and used by members of a cultural group, such as clothing, buildings, tools, and utensils, instruments, furniture, and artwork; the visible aspect of culture.

Folk Architecture

Derived from the collective memory/ traditional kind of people. Structures built by members of a folk society or culture in a traditional manner and style, without the assistance of professional architects or blueprints, using locally available raw materials.

Local Consumption Cultures

Distinct consumption practices and preferences in food, clothing, music, and so forth formed in specific places and historical moments. globalization is seen as a site of struggle

Geographies

Emphasizes that there is no single way of seeing the land and the landscape

Leisure Landscapes

Landscapes that are planned and designed primarily for entertainment purposes, such as ski and beach resorts.

Amenity Landscapes

Landscapes that are prized for their natural and cultural aesthetic qualities by the tourism and real estate customers

Grey Power and Norma are villa are examples of what Michael Weiss calls

Lifestyle clusters

Many Cultures

Material Culture Nonmaterial Culture Folk Culture Popular Culture Indigenous Culture

rodear

Spanish word meaning "to round up" absorbing and permeable barriers to the diffusion of commercial rodeo were encountered at the US border with Mexico, south of which bullfighting took a dominant position, and in the mormon culture region centered in Utah.

Colonialism

The forceful appropriation of a territory by a distant state, often involving the displacement of indigenous populations to make way for colonial settlers. This displacement was justified by saying that the indigenous peoples were negatively impacting their environment and themselves

Subsistence Economies

economies in which people seek to consume only what they produce and to produce only for local consumption rather than for exchange or export.

Kraal

means Corral in English. A compound building.

Indigenous

native or of native origin