Chapter 2 Reading Perception, Self and Communication
How we interpret the behavior of others is largely a function of
Whether we perceive them as similar to or different from ourselves Our own behavior
selective attention
You focus on certain cues and ignore others
Which of the following are among the basis of our perceptions of others
A creative process, an active process, a subjective process
Click on the outgroup in the following scenario
A new social club opens in a middle-class neighborhood. Except applications for all the surrounding neighborhoods, but discard those from applicants with low income. When the club opens, it becomes clear that most of the club offers are for established families in the area, and most of the members are white or African-American Applicants with low income
Which of the following best illustrates the principle of perceptual consistency
A person who grew up in a strongly religious community tends to expect everyone here she needs to have strong religious values
When the mind methodically selects and organizes sensory input, it is engaged in _____ perception
Active
Which of the following statements about the use of context and interpretation is not accurate
And off to used key to interpretation context is reliable guide that seldom creates confusion
First impression is
Any initial opinion about people upon meeting them. Frequently first impressions are based on other peoples appearance and may form in as little as three seconds
One way of organizing stimuli is _____, the tendency to fill in missing information to complete an otherwise incomplete figure or statement
Closure
Highlight the identity management in the scenario below
David awaits for his blind date: says he was offered a promotion
Apply the symbolic interactionist perspective, Erving Goffman described every day interactions from a _____ viewpoint
Dramaturgical Theater arts
True or false stereotyping is relying on first impressions are the most common errors and perception
False
Interpretive perception is a blend of which of the following
Perception that involves a blend of internal states an external stimuli
When interpreting stimuli, people often
Rely on the context in which the stimuli are perceived, compare the stimuli to other stimuli
According to the principle of similarity, elements are grouped together because they
Resemble one another in terms of color size shape or other attributes
What are four types of selectivity
Selective exposure, selective attention, selective perception, and selective retention
In making a speech of self introduction it is important to include details about yourself that
Showcase your personal identity
Highlight the stereo type in the following scenario
Thanks they are slow to learn Angela has an interview a new employee for her marketing department. The job candidate is 65, and Angela has always disliked older employees. Based on her last sold or higher, she thinks they're slow to learn, and some clients have expressed a preference of working with younger
perceptual consistency
The idea that your past experiences lead you to see the world in a way that is different to change your initial perceptions persist
Your perception of others are influenced by
The personal identity you have developed until now Your past experiences
As people make their in first impressions they also compare the new person to
Themselves
Our perceptions of others are
Unique
Prejudice opinions are ______ and based on ______
Usually unfavorable, irrational feelings, performed, insufficient knowledge performed, and in accurate stereotypes
Which of the following statements about personal identity and communication between a speaker and audience is not accurate
Even when shared values with the speaker or unexpected a strong identity much will break through any barriers the audience might have
One way to organize stimuli is through _____, or the focal point of your attention, and _____, the backdrop against which you are focused attention occurs.
Figure Ground
Selection
Some stimuli are focused on and others are
Two common errors in perception include
Stereotyping and relying on first impressions
A process of describing, interpreting, and verifying that helps us understand individual people and their messages more accurately is called
Perception checking
If a friend approaches you and makes a request that confuses or disturbed you, and you respond by restating his request, suggesting possible meanings, and asking questions to get better clarification, then you have engaged in _____
Perception checking
We perceive objects close to each other in space and time as meaningfully related, according to the principle of
Proximity
Which of the following statements about sex the brain and perceptual differences between males and females is not correct
There is a great deal of conclusive evidence establishing an anatomical difference between male and female brains
subjective perception
uniquely constructed meaning attributed to sensed stimuli
Setting
where and when the story takes place
The case of a woman who is a daughter and her parents home, a boss at her office, and a wife and mother in her own home would be examples of how rolls can change with
Context
Gender identity refers to
How are you feel about an express your gender
Stimuli can be organized in a number of ways including through
Organization Figure and ground Closure Proximity Similarity You engage in three activities during perception; selection, organization and interpretation
One of the best ways to learn about yourself
Talk to people who know you
Being cold feeling hungry or being tired are all _____ conditions that can affect your perception
Temporal
Which of the following is an example of selection in the process of perception
You ignore most of the conversation around you but when you hear your name you suddenly listen closely
selective exposure
You see hear read and otherwise experience information that reinforces rather than contradicts your beliefs and opinions
Appearance
the way that someone or something looks
Which of the following statements about personal identity change and growth is not accurate
After a certain point personal identity is difficult if not impossible to change
Highlight the process of interpretive perception in the example
Brad emerges from his mountain cabin home to go to work. He looks up at the horizon and focuses on the closest strand of trees, letting the blue sky behind it fade into his peripheral vision. Brad is tired and his fatigue makes the sky seem too bright. Brad pulls out his keys to open the door to his truck and misses the lock the first time because he's rubbing his eyes Fatigue makes this guy seem too bright
Height weight and gender identity are examples of _____ factors that can affect perception
Identity
Differences in perception between two people may be the result of peoples
Identity factors peoples past experiences and rolls their present feelings and circumstances and current social and political events
Which of the following statements about stereotypes is not accurate
If we believe that all boys are bad we explain the behavior of a good boy by saying that he really is good and he's not just putting on an act
An _____ is a group that people belong to that gives them a source of pride self-esteem and sense of belonging to a social world
In group
Do you want to talk to your lab partner after class about your assignments but your partner seems uncommunicative quiet and distracted. She keeps Leaning against the table and even puts her head down on it. You are offended until you learn that your lab partner ran in a marathon the previous day and is exhausted. What affected communication in this example
Present feelings and circumstances influence communication
Highlight the symbolic interactionism in the scenario below
Kesha arrives at her new dorm room a week before classes start and is disappointed to find mirror in the bathroom. When she was little her mother told her to check her reflection so that others would see her best face. She unpacks quickly because she wants to meet some new friends for dinner. Before leaving she draws a big smiley face on the door as a way of greeting her new roommate Told her to check her reflection
A good example of how perceptual consistency and Roll are related is
Parents treatment of their children sometimes even when they grow up your parents still treat them like kids
organization
Stimuli are arranged in meaningful units for groups
interpretation
Stimuli are assigned meaning
Which of the following best explains why first impressions can be an accurate
They must be based on specific situations or circumstances that a person is facing
selective retention
You tend to remember better the things that reinforce your beliefs rather than those that oppose them
selective perception
You tend to see here and believe only what you want to see here and believe
manner
a way of acting or behaving
self-presentation
the act of expressing oneself and behaving in ways designed to create a favorable impression or an impression that corresponds to one's ideals