Chapter 20 POINT
The nurse is calculating the patient's smoking history in pack years. The patient has recently been diagnosed with malignant lung cancer. The patient states he has been smoking two packs of cigarettes a day for the past 11 years. The nurse correctly documents the patient's pack-years as which of the following?
22
Which of the following is a true statement regarding air pressure variances?
Air is drawn through the trachea and bronchi into the alveoli during inspiration
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with pneumonia. The nurse will assess the patient for tactile fremitus by completing which of the following?
Asking the patient to repeat "ninety-nine" as the nurse's hands move down the patient's thorax
The nurse is caring for a patient with recurrent hemoptysis who has undergone a bronchoscopy. Immediately following the procedure, the nurse should complete which of the following?
Assess the patient for a cough reflex
The nurse is caring for a patient complaining of chest discomfort. The patient's admitting diagnosis is left lower lobe pneumonia. Which of the following strategies will the nurse instruct the patient to use to help alleviate the discomfort?
Assume a left-side lying position while in bed
The patient with newly diagnosed emphysema is admitted to the medical-surgical unit for evaluation. Which of the following does the nurse recognize is a deformity of the chest wall that occurs as a result of overinflation of the lungs in this patient population?
Barrel chest
The nurse is caring for a patient with extensive respiratory disease. Which of the following is a late sing of hypoxia in the patient?
Cyanosis
Which of the following ventilation-perfusion ratios is exhibited when a patient is diagnosed with pulmonary emboli?
Dead space
Which of the following is an age-related change associated with the respiratory system?
Decreased size of the airway
The nurse is completing a physical assessment of a patient's trachea. The nurse inspects and palpates the trachea for which of the following?
Deviation from the midline
High or increased compliance occurs in which of the following conditions?
Emphysema
The nurse is caring for a critically ill patient in the ICU. The nurse documents the patient's respiratory rate as bradypnea. The nurse recognizes bradypnea is associated with which of the following conditions?
Increased intracranial pressure
Which respiratory volume is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after maximal inspiration?
Inspiratory reserve volume
A patient presents to the ED complaining of severe coughing episodes. The patient states the "episodes are more intense at night." The nurse should suspect which of the following conditions based on the patient's primary complaint?
Left-sided heart failure
A thoracentesis is performed to obtain a sample of pleural fluid or a biopsy specimen from the pleural wall for diagnostic purposes. What does bloody fluid indicate?
Malignancy
The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for a bronchoscopy. The nurse understands that it is important to provide the required information and appropriate explanations for any diagnostic procedure to a patient with a respiratory disorder in order to do which of the following?
Manage decreased energy levels
Which of the following terms will the nurse use to document the inability of a patient to breath easily unless positioned upright?
Orthopnea
The nurse is caring for a patient with suspected lung cancer. Which of the following imaging studies is more accurate in detecting malignancies than a CT scan?
PET scan
The nurse auscultates the lung sounds of a patient during a routine assessment. The sounds produced are harsh and cracking, sounding like two pieces of leather being rubbed together. The nurse would be correct in documenting this finding as which of the following?
Pleural friction rub
The clinical finding of pink frothy sputum may be an indication of which of the following?
Pulmonary edema
The nurse is caring for a patient who is to undergo a thoracentesis. In preparation for the procedure, the nurse will position the patient in which of the following positions?
Sitting on the edge of the bed
Which of the following results in decreased gas exchange in older adults?
The alveolar walls contain fewer capillaries
The nurse answers the call light of a male patient. The patient is complaining of an irritating tickling sensation in the throat, a salty taste, and a burning sensation in the chest. Upon further assessment, the nurse notes a tissue with bright red, frothy blood at the bedside. The nurse can assume the source of the blood is likely from which of the following?
The lungs
In relation to the structure of the larynx, the cricoid cartilage is which of the following?
The only complete cartilaginous ring in the larynx
The volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath is termed which of the following?
Tidal volume
