Chapter 21 Haircoloring
One safety precaution in haircoloring is to never apply color if ____ are present
abrasions
What is added to hydrogen peroxide to increase its chemical action or lifting power?
accelerator
A/an ____ contains a powdered oxidizer that is added to hydrogen peroxide to increase its lifting power
activator
The oxidizer that is added to hydrogen peroxide to increase its chemical action is known as the
activator
What product is used to open the cuticle of the hair fiber so that the tint can penetrate it?
alkalizing agent
Permanent haircolor is applied by either the bowl and brush method or with a/an ____
applicator bottle
The free-form technique of hair painting is also called ____
bailage
The predominant tonality of an existing color is referred to as a/an ___
base color
_______ are specialized preparations designed to help equalize porosity and deposit a base color in one application
color fillers
Primary and secondary colors that are positioned opposite each other on the color wheel are considered to be ____
complementary
Colors tones that are blue, green, and violet are considered to be ____ tones
cool
Porous hair of the same color level will lighten faster than hair that is nonporous because the bleaching agent can enter the ____ rapidly
cortex
A _____ lightener is strong enough for high-lift blonding but gentle enough to use on the scalp
cream
Haircolor that is able to deposit without lifting because it is less alkaline and is mixed with a low volume developer is ____
demipermanent
The number of hairs per square inch (2.5 square centimeters) on the head relates to the hair's ____
density
When performing retouches on red hair, the reds will last longer if you create them using a separate formula with a ____ haircolor product applied to the mid-shaft and ends of the strand
deposit-only
Hair texture is determined by the _____of the individual hair strand
diameter
The melanin that gives black and brown color to hair is known as ___
eumelanin
After the hair goes through the 10 stages of decolorizing, the color that is left in the hair is known as its_____
foundation
A no-lift deposit-only color that adds shine and tone to the hair is called a _______
glaze
Metallic haircolors are also called ____ colors
gradual
Equal parts of blue and yellow mixed together create ____
green
Products created to remove artificial pigment from the hair are known as ____
haircolor removers
An example of a natural or vegetable haircolor obtained from the leaves or bark of plants is _____
henna
A mixture of shampoo and hydrogen peroxide creates a ____
highlighting shampoo
A product prepared by combining permanent haircolor, hydrogen peroxide, and shampoo is ________
highlighting shampoo color/tint
A patch test is generally conducted behind the ear or on the ____________
inside of the elbow
The strength of a color tone is referred to as ____
intensity
The system for understanding color relationships is the ____
law of color
Chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural hair pigment are ____
lighteners
When applying haircoloring products, always follow ____
manufacturer's directions
The first important guideline when color services do not turn out as planned or as expected is to ____
not panic
What are the three types of hair lighteners?
oil, cream, powder
Equal parts of red and yellow mixed together create ____
orange
Haircolor that is mixed with a developer and remains in the hair shaft until the new growth of hair occurs is called ____
permanent
Haircoloring products fall into four classifications including temporary, semipermanent, and ____
permanent and demipermanent
The melanin found in red hair is known as ____
pheomelanin
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is called ____
porosity
Which type of lightener is not used directly on the scalp?
powder
The tint formula in permanent haircolor contains uncolored dye ____, which are small compounds that can diffuse into the hair shaft
precursors
The U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act prescribes that a patch test, also called a/an ____ test, be given twenty-four to forty-eight hours prior to an application of aniline derivative tint
predisposition
The process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration of color is known as ____
presoftening
The preliminary strand test will tell you how the hair will react to the color formula and indicates ____
processing time
To some degree, the ____ is designed to protect the school or salon owner from responsibility for accidents or damages
release statement
Colors achieved by mixing equal parts of two primary colors are called ___
secondary
Haircolor that partially penetrates the hair shaft and stains the cuticle layer, slowly fading with each shampoo, is known as ____
semipermanent
A process that lightens and colors hair in a single application is known as
single-process haircoloring
The two methods of parting hair for a foil technique are ____
slicing and weaving
A combination of equal parts of prepared permanent color mixture and shampoo that is applied during the last 5 minutes of haircolor service is called_______
soap cap
Colored mousses and gels are considered to be in what haircolor category?
temporary
Which type of haircolor product uses the largest pigment molecules?
temporary
A system for understanding color relationships is called _____
the law of color
The method used to analyze the lightness or darkness of a hair color, whether natural or artificial, is called ____
the level system
The term used to describe the warmth or coolness of a color is ____
tone or tonality
Equal parts of red and blue mixed together create ____
violet
The measure of the potential oxidation of varying strengths of hydrogen peroxide is ____
volume
Colors tones that are golden, orange, red, and yellow are considered to be ____ tones
warm
When arranging for a haircolor service consultation, ____ walls are recommended
white or neutral
The cuticle of the hair protects the interior and contributes ____ percent to the overall strength of the hair
20
The cortex or middle layer of the hair gives strength and elasticity and contributes about ____ percent to the overall strength of the hair
80