Chapter 26 Soft-Tissue Injuries

The hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands are found in the: A.) Dermis B.) Germinal layer C.) Epidermis D.) Subcutaneous layer

A.) Dermis

Before you begin caring for a patient with an open wound, you should: A.) Ensure standard precautions B.) Splint potential fractures C.) Notify the hospital D.) Ask about patient medications

A.) Ensure standard precautions

Which of the following should NOT be used as an occlusive dressing? A.) Gauze pads B.) Vaseline gauze C.) Aluminum foil D.) Plastic

A.) Gauze pads

Using elastic bandages to secure dressings may result in _________________ if the injury swells or if the bandages are applied improperly. A.) additional tissue damage B.) increased edema C.) increased circulation D.) further blood loss

A.) additional tissue damage

All open wounds are assumed to be _____________ and present a risk of infection. A.) contaminated B.) life-threatening C.) minimal D.) extensive

A.) contaminated

The skin regulates temperature in a cold environment by: A.) Secreting sweat through sweat glands B.) Constricting the blood vessels C.) Dilating the blood vessels D.) Increasing the amount of heat that is radiated form the body's surface

B.) Constricting the blood vessels

Open soft-tissue wounds include all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Abrasions B.) Contusions C.) Lacerations D.) Avulsions

B.) Contusions

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can aid in determining the severity of a burn? A.) The depth of the burn B.) If the patient is between 20 and 30 years old C.) The extent of the burn D.) Whether critical areas are involved

B.) If the patient is between 20 and 30 years old

Burns are diffuse soft-tissue injuries created by destructive energy transfers from all of the following sources EXCEPT: A.) Thermal sources B.) Kinetic sources C.) Radiation sources D.) Electrical sources

B.) Kinetic sources

_____________ in an acute, potentially fatal viral infection of the central nervous system that affects all warm-blooded animals. A.) Streptococcus B.) Rabies C.) Tuberculosis D.) Emboli

B.) Rabies

The most important consideration when dealing with electrical burns is: A.) Standard precautions B.) Scene safety C.) Level of responsiveness D.) Airway

B.) Scene safety

_____________ burns cause intense pain. A.) First-degree B.) Second-degree C.) Superficial D.) Third-degree

B.) Second-degree

As the cells on the surface of the skin are worn away, new cells form in the __________________ layer? A.) dermal B.) germinal C.) epidermal D.) subcutaneous

B.) germinal

A(n) ___________ is usually associated with extensive tissue damage. A.) contusion B.) hematoma C.) crushing injury D.) avulsion

B.) hematoma

A(n) ______________ occurs whenever a large blood vessel is damaged and bleeds. A.) contusion B.) hematoma C.) crushing injury D.) avulsion

B.) hematoma

The skin covering the _________________ is quite thick. A.) lips B.) scalp C.) ears D.) eyelids

B.) scalp

______________ develops when edema and swelling result in increased pressure within a closed soft-tissue space. A.) A hematoma B.) An avulsion C.) Compartment syndrome D.) Ecchymosis

C.) Compartment syndrome

Closed soft-tissue injuries are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Pain at the site of injury B.) Swelling beneath the skin C.) Damage of the protective layer of skin D.) A history of blunt trauma

C.) Damage of the protective layer of skin

Treatment for an abdominal evisceration includes: A.) Pushing the exposed organs back into the abdominal cavity B.) Covering the organs with dry dressings C.) Flexing the knees and legs to relieve pressure on the abdomen D.) Applying moist, adherent dressings

C.) Flexing the knees and legs to relieve pressure on the abdomen

________________ burns may involve the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, or internal organs. A.) Superficial B.) Partial-thickness C.) Full-thickness D.) Second-degree

C.) Full-thickness

More extensive closed injuries may involve significant swelling and bleeding beneath the skin, which could lead to: A.) Compartment syndrome B.) Contamination C.) Hypovolemic shock D.) Hemothorax

C.) Hypovolemic shock

Splinting an extremity, even when there is no fracture, may: A.) Increase pain B.) Increase damage to an already-injured extremity C.) Make it easier to move the patient D.) Cause any dressings to move

C.) Make it easier to move the patient

_______________ burns involve only the epidermis. A.) Full-thickness B.) Second-degree C.) Superficial D.) Third-degree

C.) Superficial

Because shootings usually end up in court, it is important to factually and completely document? A.) The statements from witnesses B.) The suspect's description C.) The treatment given D.) The number of shots bystanders say were fired

C.) The treatment given

An open neck injury may result in _______________ if enough air is sucked into a blood vessel. A.) hypovolemic shock B.) tracheal deviation C.) air embolism D.) subcutaneous emphysema

C.) air embolism

A(n) _____________ occurs when a great amount of force is appiled to the body for a long period of time. A.) contusion B.) hematoma C.) crushing injury D.) avulsion

C.) crushing injury

The _________________ is/are our first line of defense against external forces. A.) extremities B.) hair C.) skin D.) lips

C.) skin

Sweat glands

Cool the body by discharging a substance through the pores

A laceration may be all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Linear B.) Deep C.) Jagged D.) A scrape

D.) A scrape

Burns may result from all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Heat B.) Toxic chemicals C.) Electricity D.) Choking

D.) Choking

Treatment of electrical burns include all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Maintaining the airway B.) Monitoring the patient closely for respiratory or cardiac arrest C.) Splinting any suspected injuries D.) Immersion in water

D.) Immersion in water

Significant airway burns may be associated with all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Singeing of the hair within the nostrils B.) Hoarseness C.) Hypoxia D.) Vomiting

D.) Vomiting

Evisceration

Exposed intestines

A laceration is considered a closed wound. True or False

False

Blisters are commonly seen with superficial burns. True or False

False

Burned areas should be immersed in cool water for up to 30 minutes. True or False

False

Ecchymosis is associated with open wounds. True or False

False

Elastic bandages can be used to secure dressings. True or False

False

Gauze pads prevent air and liquids from entering or exiting the wound. True or False

False

The hallmark sign of compartment syndrome is severe but painless swelling. True or False

False

Penetrating wound

Gunshot wound

Dermis

Inner layer of skin that contains the structures that give its chacteristic appearance

Sebaceous glands

Produce oil, which waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple

Laceration

Razor cut

Mucous membranes

Secrete a watery substance that lubricates the openings of the mouth and nose

Abrasion

Skinned knee

_____________ burns can occur when skin is exposed to temperatures higher than ____________ fahrenheit.

Thermal, 111

Avulsion

Tissue hanging as a flap from a wound

Epidermis

Tough external layer forming a watertight covering for the body

Electical burns are always more severe than the external signs indicate. True or False

True

Occlusive dressings are usually made of Vaseline gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic. True or False

True

Partial-thickness burns invole the epidermis and some portion of the dermis. True or False

True

Severe burns are usually a combination of superficial, partial-thickness, and full-thickness burns. True or False

True

Soft roller bandages are slightly elastic and the layers adhere somewhat to one another. True or False

True

The rule of nines allows you to estimate the percentage of body surface area that has been burned. True or False

True

Two factors, depth and extent, are the critical in assessing the severity of a burn. True or False

True

Your first responsibility with a burn patient is to stop the burning process. True or False

True

There are three types of ionizing radiation: _____________, ______________, and _______________.

alpha, beta, gamma

A(n) _____________ is an injury in which part of the body is completely severed.

amputation

The only exceptions to the rule of not removing an impaled objects are in the _____________ that obstructs breathing and an object in the _____________ the interferes with CPR.

cheek, chest

In cold weather, blood vessels in the skin will ______________.

constrict

A person will sweat in an effort to ________________ the body.

cool

When an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours and arterial blood flow is compromised, ______________ ______________ can develop.

crush syndrome

Nerve endings are located in the _____________.

dermis

The external layer of skin is the ______________ and the inner layer is the ______________.

epidermis

When the vessels of the skin dilate, heat is ______________ from the body. I

radiated