Chapter 26 Soft-Tissue Injuries
The hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands are found in the: A.) Dermis B.) Germinal layer C.) Epidermis D.) Subcutaneous layer
A.) Dermis
Before you begin caring for a patient with an open wound, you should: A.) Ensure standard precautions B.) Splint potential fractures C.) Notify the hospital D.) Ask about patient medications
A.) Ensure standard precautions
Which of the following should NOT be used as an occlusive dressing? A.) Gauze pads B.) Vaseline gauze C.) Aluminum foil D.) Plastic
A.) Gauze pads
Using elastic bandages to secure dressings may result in _________________ if the injury swells or if the bandages are applied improperly. A.) additional tissue damage B.) increased edema C.) increased circulation D.) further blood loss
A.) additional tissue damage
All open wounds are assumed to be _____________ and present a risk of infection. A.) contaminated B.) life-threatening C.) minimal D.) extensive
A.) contaminated
The skin regulates temperature in a cold environment by: A.) Secreting sweat through sweat glands B.) Constricting the blood vessels C.) Dilating the blood vessels D.) Increasing the amount of heat that is radiated form the body's surface
B.) Constricting the blood vessels
Open soft-tissue wounds include all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Abrasions B.) Contusions C.) Lacerations D.) Avulsions
B.) Contusions
Which of the following is NOT a factor that can aid in determining the severity of a burn? A.) The depth of the burn B.) If the patient is between 20 and 30 years old C.) The extent of the burn D.) Whether critical areas are involved
B.) If the patient is between 20 and 30 years old
Burns are diffuse soft-tissue injuries created by destructive energy transfers from all of the following sources EXCEPT: A.) Thermal sources B.) Kinetic sources C.) Radiation sources D.) Electrical sources
B.) Kinetic sources
_____________ in an acute, potentially fatal viral infection of the central nervous system that affects all warm-blooded animals. A.) Streptococcus B.) Rabies C.) Tuberculosis D.) Emboli
B.) Rabies
The most important consideration when dealing with electrical burns is: A.) Standard precautions B.) Scene safety C.) Level of responsiveness D.) Airway
B.) Scene safety
_____________ burns cause intense pain. A.) First-degree B.) Second-degree C.) Superficial D.) Third-degree
B.) Second-degree
As the cells on the surface of the skin are worn away, new cells form in the __________________ layer? A.) dermal B.) germinal C.) epidermal D.) subcutaneous
B.) germinal
A(n) ___________ is usually associated with extensive tissue damage. A.) contusion B.) hematoma C.) crushing injury D.) avulsion
B.) hematoma
A(n) ______________ occurs whenever a large blood vessel is damaged and bleeds. A.) contusion B.) hematoma C.) crushing injury D.) avulsion
B.) hematoma
The skin covering the _________________ is quite thick. A.) lips B.) scalp C.) ears D.) eyelids
B.) scalp
______________ develops when edema and swelling result in increased pressure within a closed soft-tissue space. A.) A hematoma B.) An avulsion C.) Compartment syndrome D.) Ecchymosis
C.) Compartment syndrome
Closed soft-tissue injuries are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Pain at the site of injury B.) Swelling beneath the skin C.) Damage of the protective layer of skin D.) A history of blunt trauma
C.) Damage of the protective layer of skin
Treatment for an abdominal evisceration includes: A.) Pushing the exposed organs back into the abdominal cavity B.) Covering the organs with dry dressings C.) Flexing the knees and legs to relieve pressure on the abdomen D.) Applying moist, adherent dressings
C.) Flexing the knees and legs to relieve pressure on the abdomen
________________ burns may involve the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, or internal organs. A.) Superficial B.) Partial-thickness C.) Full-thickness D.) Second-degree
C.) Full-thickness
More extensive closed injuries may involve significant swelling and bleeding beneath the skin, which could lead to: A.) Compartment syndrome B.) Contamination C.) Hypovolemic shock D.) Hemothorax
C.) Hypovolemic shock
Splinting an extremity, even when there is no fracture, may: A.) Increase pain B.) Increase damage to an already-injured extremity C.) Make it easier to move the patient D.) Cause any dressings to move
C.) Make it easier to move the patient
_______________ burns involve only the epidermis. A.) Full-thickness B.) Second-degree C.) Superficial D.) Third-degree
C.) Superficial
Because shootings usually end up in court, it is important to factually and completely document? A.) The statements from witnesses B.) The suspect's description C.) The treatment given D.) The number of shots bystanders say were fired
C.) The treatment given
An open neck injury may result in _______________ if enough air is sucked into a blood vessel. A.) hypovolemic shock B.) tracheal deviation C.) air embolism D.) subcutaneous emphysema
C.) air embolism
A(n) _____________ occurs when a great amount of force is appiled to the body for a long period of time. A.) contusion B.) hematoma C.) crushing injury D.) avulsion
C.) crushing injury
The _________________ is/are our first line of defense against external forces. A.) extremities B.) hair C.) skin D.) lips
C.) skin
Sweat glands
Cool the body by discharging a substance through the pores
A laceration may be all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Linear B.) Deep C.) Jagged D.) A scrape
D.) A scrape
Burns may result from all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Heat B.) Toxic chemicals C.) Electricity D.) Choking
D.) Choking
Treatment of electrical burns include all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Maintaining the airway B.) Monitoring the patient closely for respiratory or cardiac arrest C.) Splinting any suspected injuries D.) Immersion in water
D.) Immersion in water
Significant airway burns may be associated with all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Singeing of the hair within the nostrils B.) Hoarseness C.) Hypoxia D.) Vomiting
D.) Vomiting
Evisceration
Exposed intestines
A laceration is considered a closed wound. True or False
False
Blisters are commonly seen with superficial burns. True or False
False
Burned areas should be immersed in cool water for up to 30 minutes. True or False
False
Ecchymosis is associated with open wounds. True or False
False
Elastic bandages can be used to secure dressings. True or False
False
Gauze pads prevent air and liquids from entering or exiting the wound. True or False
False
The hallmark sign of compartment syndrome is severe but painless swelling. True or False
False
Penetrating wound
Gunshot wound
Dermis
Inner layer of skin that contains the structures that give its chacteristic appearance
Sebaceous glands
Produce oil, which waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple
Laceration
Razor cut
Mucous membranes
Secrete a watery substance that lubricates the openings of the mouth and nose
Abrasion
Skinned knee
_____________ burns can occur when skin is exposed to temperatures higher than ____________ fahrenheit.
Thermal, 111
Avulsion
Tissue hanging as a flap from a wound
Epidermis
Tough external layer forming a watertight covering for the body
Electical burns are always more severe than the external signs indicate. True or False
True
Occlusive dressings are usually made of Vaseline gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic. True or False
True
Partial-thickness burns invole the epidermis and some portion of the dermis. True or False
True
Severe burns are usually a combination of superficial, partial-thickness, and full-thickness burns. True or False
True
Soft roller bandages are slightly elastic and the layers adhere somewhat to one another. True or False
True
The rule of nines allows you to estimate the percentage of body surface area that has been burned. True or False
True
Two factors, depth and extent, are the critical in assessing the severity of a burn. True or False
True
Your first responsibility with a burn patient is to stop the burning process. True or False
True
There are three types of ionizing radiation: _____________, ______________, and _______________.
alpha, beta, gamma
A(n) _____________ is an injury in which part of the body is completely severed.
amputation
The only exceptions to the rule of not removing an impaled objects are in the _____________ that obstructs breathing and an object in the _____________ the interferes with CPR.
cheek, chest
In cold weather, blood vessels in the skin will ______________.
constrict
A person will sweat in an effort to ________________ the body.
cool
When an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours and arterial blood flow is compromised, ______________ ______________ can develop.
crush syndrome
Nerve endings are located in the _____________.
dermis
The external layer of skin is the ______________ and the inner layer is the ______________.
epidermis
When the vessels of the skin dilate, heat is ______________ from the body. I
radiated