Chapter 31: Transcultural and Social Aspects of Nutrition

A nurse has been asked to plan the diet for a lacto-vegetarian client. What can the nurse include in the diet plan of such a client? a. Plant products only b. Plant and dairy products c. Plant products, dairy products, and eggs d. Plant products and eggs

b. Plant and dairy products

A Puerto Rican woman is admitted to a healthcare facility in her 38th week of pregnancy. Being culturally sensitive, what food should the nurse omit form the client's diet chart? a. Sweet food b. Sour food c. Bitter food d. Spicy food

b. Sour food

Why should a nurse assess the dietary beliefs of clients?

It helps with planning and adjusting the diet within the client's personal beliefs and habits

Black Americans from the Caribbean

May consume cooked starchy tubers and tropical fruits

Middle Eastern Americans

May eat every mouthful of food with a bite of bread

The nurse is gathering data about an Orthodox Jewish client in a healthcare facility. During the data gathering, what should the nurse keep in mind about the diet of such a client?

Meat and dairy must not be served at the same meal, no pork or alcohol allowed, food isn't cooked during Sabbath

A nurse is assessing a client who is a risk for hypertension, obesity and diabetes. What dietary changes would the nurse suggest to the client? Select all that apply. a. Reduce intake of sugar b. Reduce intake of fat c. Reduce intake of protein d. Reduce intake of spices e. Reduce intake of salt

a. Reduce intake of sugar b. Reduce intake of fat e. Reduce intake of salt

What is the correct sequence for the least restrictive to most restrictive vegetarian diets? 1. Vegan 2. Lacto-ovo vegetarian 3. Ovo-vegetarians 4. Lacto-vegetarians

2. Lacto-ovo vegetarian 3. Ovo-vegetarians 4. Lacto-vegetarians 1. Vegan

Hispanic Americans

Believe that a balance of "hot" and "cold" food is required for health

The client states to the nurse that she is vegetarian. What dietary advice should the nurse give to such a client for obtaining a balanced diet?

Eat a wide variety of foods, avoid empty calories, add a good source of vitamin B12 if the client is vegan

Vietnamese Americans

Eat poultry, pork, and fermented fish and consume beef occasionally

What is the yin-yang theory of diet?

Proper balance between negative and positive energy maintains health

A nurse is caring for a Muslim client in a healthcare facility. the nurse knows that a client from which other religious community is likely to share the same dietary laws as the Muslim client? a. Mormons b. Roman Catholics c. Hindus d. Jews

d. Jews

Which type of vegetarian eats only plant foods and eggs (no meat or dairy products)? a. Vegans b. Lacto-vegetarians c. Lacto-ovo vegetarians d. Ovo-vegetarians

d. Ovo-vegetarians

Ethnic dietary practices may play different roles in the health and illness of a client. What potential health problems can occur with a diet with low intake of milk and dairy products? a. Rickets or osteoporosis b. Hypertension and cardiac disease c. Atherosclerosis and gallbladder disease d. Diabetes and obesity

a. Rickets or osteoporosis

___________ food refers to both a cooking style (fried, barbecued) and particular foods (e.g., black-eyed peas, collard greens) that people living in the southeastern United States commonly eat.

Soul

What are the eating habits of Cambodian Americans?

The most important meal of the day is served at midday, knives are considered barbaric, the beverage of choice is hot water

An obese client reads about a weight-loss scheme in a newspaper. He plans to enroll himself in the program. What criteria should the nurse advise the client to look for before enrolling in the program?

The plan should be realistic, there should be food from each major food group included, encourage portion control

The nurse is educating a vegan client about the need for adequate B12. Which food choice would be best for ensuring adequate vitamin B12 intake in a vegan? a. Breakfast cereal fortified with vitamin B12 b. Low-fat cottage cheese with pineapple c. Pork chop with spinach d. Scrambled eggs with low-fat cheese

a. Breakfast cereal fortified with vitamin B12

Which of the following are conditions that are more likely to occur in Black American clients? Select all that apply. a. Hypertension b. Renal disease c. Obesity d. Gout e. Diabetes

a. Hypertension c. Obesity e. Diabetes

A client is thinking of becoming a vegetarian asks the nurse for information about this choice. What information regarding a vegetarian diet should the nurse provide the client? Select all that apply. a. It could lower the risk of hypertension b. It could increase the risk of protein malnutrition c. It could increase the risk of immune deficiency d. It could lower the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes e. It could lower the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD)

a. It could lower the risk of hypertension d. It could lower the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes e. It could lower the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD)

A nurse is assessing a 30-year-old client of Cuban origin. Which is the nurse most likely to notice when assessing this client's diet? a. Limited intake of milk b. Highly spiced food c. Extensive use of meat d. Limited use of rice and beans

a. Limited intake of milk

People of which ethnic heritage in the United States historically incorporated collards, kale, cress, mustard, and pokeweed into their diet? a. Cuban Americans b. African Americans c. Mexican Americans d. Anglo-Americans

b. African Americans

A nurse is assessing a South American client regarding her dietary practices. What food is the nurse more likely to notice in the diet of such a client, compared with a client from North America? a. Bread b. Fruits c. Beer d. Milk

b. Fruits

Which statement indicates a correct dietary response to the condition listed? a. Decreased fluid intake for hypertension b. Increased fluid intake for fever c. Limited salt intake for malabsorption d. Large, frequent meals for anorexia

b. Increased fluid intake for fever

Which foods are most associated with Middle Eastern Americans? a. Pork and alcohol b. Lamb and goat c. Bison and corn d. Pancit and panakbet

b. Lamb and goat

The nurse is conducting a class on nutrition with a community group. What would the nurse include in the teaching plan for managing caloric intake? a. Eat while distracted with television b. Use smaller plates for smaller portions c. Spread salad dressing over the salad d. Eat until you are full to avoid overeating

b. Use smaller plates for smaller portions

nurse has to help an elderly client feel comfortable during his meals and provide for a secure and safe environment. Which of the following mealtime interventions are most appropriate for the nurse to perform when caring for this client? Select all that apply. a. allow the client to eat his meal alone b. Visit the client for a few minutes c. Encourage the client to telephone home d. Stop visitors from coming during mealtime e. Turn on the television or radio

b. Visit the client for a few minutes c. Encourage the client to telephone home e. Turn on the television or radio

Which vitamin is most likely to be deficient in a vegan client? a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin B12 c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin D

b. Vitamin B12

A client asks the nurse which label on bread indicates the healthiest type of grain to purchase and consume. What should the nurse tell him? a. "Multi-grain" b. "100% wheat" c. "Whole grain" d. "Seven-grain"

c. "Whole grain"

The nurse reviews the client's diet and notes an increase in soft drinks, sugary foods and empty calories. The nurse would further assess this client for which condition? a. Heart disease b. Hypertension c. Diabetes d. Gallbladder disease

c. Diabetes

During the assessment of an Orthodox Jewish client, the nurse should keep in mind that most people of this religious group follow a Kosher diet. What is requirement of this diet? a. Meat and dairy products are served at the same meal b. Only the hind quarter of the animal may be eaten c. Only foods such as pork products, rabbit, and shell fish may be eaten d. Food is not cooked during the Sabbath, which is sundown Friday to sundown Saturday

d. Food is not cooked during the Sabbath, which is sundown Friday to sundown Saturday

Jews who follow a ___________ diet do not eat pork products, shellfish, or scavenger fish.

kosher

Person who eat plant and dairy products but no eggs are called _______________________.

lacto-vegetarians

Tofu is a good source of _____________ and calcium.

protein

Mexican Americans often serve __________ with all meals, along with rice and refried beans.

tortillas