Chapter 38

What effects would occur in a mutant of Arabidopsis that cannot synthesize GABA within its flowers? A) Pollen tube growth would not be directed toward the egg, and fertilization would not occur. B) The seeds from the flowers would be unable to break dormancy. C) The pollen grain would not form a pollen tube due to incompatibility with the pollen tube. D) The length of the style would be increased to the point where the growing pollen tube would be unable to reach the synergids.

A) Pollen tube growth would not be directed toward the egg, and fertilization would not occur.

Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its life-cycle generation? A) anthergametophyte B) pollengametophyte C) embryo sacgametophyte D) stamensporophyte E) embryosporophyte

A) anthergametophyte

Genetic incompatibility does not affect the A) attraction of a suitable insect pollinator. B) germination of the pollen on the stigma. C) growth of the pollen tube in the style. D) membrane permeability of cells. E) different individuals of the same species.

A) attraction of a suitable insect pollinator.

Which of the following types of plants are incapable of self-pollination? A) dioecious B) monoecious C) complete D) wind-pollinated E) insect-pollinated

A) dioecious

Which of the following is the correct sequence during the alternation of generations life cycle in a flowering plant? A) sporophyte → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes → fertilization → diploid zygote B) sporophyte → mitosis → gametophyte → meiosis → sporophyte C) haploid gametophyte → gametes → meiosis → fertilization → diploid sporophyte D) sporophyte → spores → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes E) haploid sporophyte → spores → fertilization → diploid gametophyte

A) sporophyte → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes → fertilization → diploid zygote

Three mitotic divisions within the female gametophyte of the megaspore produce A) three antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, one egg, and two synergids. B) the triple fusion nucleus. C) three pollen grains. D) two antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, two eggs, and two synergids. E) a tube nucleus, a generative cell, and a sperm cell.

A) three antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, one egg, and two synergids.

Which of the following occurs in an angiosperm ovule? A) An antheridium forms from the megasporophyte. B) A megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis. C) The egg nucleus is usually diploid. D) A pollen tube emerges to accept pollen after pollination. E) The endosperm surrounds the megaspore mother cell.

B) A megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis.

Which of the following statements regarding flowering plants is false? A) The sporophyte is the dominant generation. B) Female gametophytes develop from megaspores within the anthers. C) Pollination is the placing of pollen on the stigma of a carpel. D) The food-storing endosperm is derived from the cell that contains two polar nuclei and one sperm nucleus. E) Flowers produce fruits within the ovules.

B) Female gametophytes develop from megaspores within the anthers.

In which of the following pairs are the two terms equivalent? A) ovuleegg B) embryo sacfemale gametophyte C) endospermmale gametophyte D) seedzygote E) microsporepollen grain

B) embryo sacfemale gametophyte

Recent research has shown that pollination requires that carpels recognize pollen grains as "self or nonself." For self-incompatibility, the system requires A) the rejection of nonself cells. B) the rejection of self cells. C) carpel incompatibility with the egg cells. D) that the flowers be incomplete. E) the union of genetically identical sperm and egg cells.

B) the rejection of self cells.

A mature, unfertilized ovule in an angiosperm is the result of A) a single meiotic division. B) a single mitotic division. C) both meiotic and mitotic divisions. D) mitosis from the megaspore mother cell. E) differentiation from the suspensor tissues.

C) both meiotic and mitotic divisions.

Which of the following is a correct sequence of processes that takes place when a flowering plant reproduces? A) meiosis → fertilization → ovulation → germination B) fertilization → meiosis → nuclear fusion → formation of embryo and endosperm C) meiosis → pollination → nuclear fusion → formation of embryo and endosperm D) growth of pollen tube → pollination → germination → fertilization E) meiosis → mitosis → nuclear fusion → pollen

C) meiosis → pollination → nuclear fusion → formation of embryo and endosperm

Where and by which process are sperm cells formed in plants? A) meiosis in pollen grains B) meiosis in anthers C) mitosis in male gametophyte pollen tube D) mitosis in the micropyle E) mitosis in the embryo sac

C) mitosis in male gametophyte pollen tube

The male wasp, Campsoscolia ciliata, transfers pollen from one orchid to another orchid of the same species. What "reward" does the male wasp receive from the orchid plants for helping with the orchid pollination? A) a supply of energy-rich nectar B) volatile chemical hormones that help the male wasp find a sexually receptive female C) no reward; the male wasp is deceived by the flower shape and odor D) successful copulation with the flower E) a store of nectar that the wasp can use in time of famine

C) no reward; the male wasp is deceived by the flower shape and odor

In flowering plants, a mature male gametophyte contains A) two haploid gametes and a diploid pollen grain. B) a generative cell and a tube cell. C) two sperm nuclei and one tube cell nucleus. D) two haploid microspores. E) a haploid nucleus and a diploid pollen wall.

C) two sperm nuclei and one tube cell nucleus.

When comparing the mature seeds of a pine tree to an apple tree, which of the following is a correct statement? A) The developmental sequences postfertilization are identical. B) Both contain triploid tissue. C) The nutritive tissues are both haploid. D) Only the apple seed has a diploid seed coat. E) Both contain haploid and diploid tissues.

E) Both contain haploid and diploid tissues.

A perfect flower is fertile, but may be either complete or incomplete. Which of the following correctly describes a perfect flower? A) It has no sepals. B) It has fused carpels. C) It is on a dioecious plant. D) It has no endosperm. E) It has both stamens and carpels.

E) It has both stamens and carpels.

Which of the following is true in plants? A) Mitosis occurs in gametophytes to produce gametes. B) Meiosis occurs in sporophytes to produce spores. C) The gametophyte is within the flower in angiosperms. D) Mitosis occurs in gametophytes to produce gametes, and meiosis occurs in sporophytes to produce spores. E) Mitosis occurs in gametophytes to produce gametes, meiosis occurs in sporophytes to produce spores, and the gametophyte is within the flower in angiosperms.

E) Mitosis occurs in gametophytes to produce gametes, meiosis occurs in sporophytes to produce spores, and the gametophyte is within the flower in angiosperms.

Which of the following best describes the ploidy level of a fertilized embryo sac? A) All cells are diploid. B) All cells are triploid. C) All cells are polyploid. D) The ploidy level varies among species. E) There are haploid, diploid, and triploid cells.

E) There are haploid, diploid, and triploid cells.

Carpellate flowers A) are perfect. B) are complete. C) produce pollen. D) are found only on dioecious plants. E) develop into fruits.

E) develop into fruits.

Where does meiosis occur in flowering plants? A) megasporocyte B) microsporocyte C) endosperm D) pollen tube E) megasporocyte and microsporocyte

E) megasporocyte and microsporocyte

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in a pollen sac? A) sporangia → meiosis → two haploid cells → meiosis → two pollen grains per cell B) pollen grain → meiosis → two generative cells → two tube cells per pollen grain C) two haploid cells → meiosis → generative cell → tube cell-fertilization → pollen grain D) pollen grain → mitosis → microspores → meiosis → generative cell plus tube cell E) microsporocyte → meiosis → microspores → mitosis → two haploid cells per pollen grain

E) microsporocyte → meiosis → microspores → mitosis → two haploid cells per pollen grain

Which of the following plant/animal interactions is not a mutually beneficial (mutualistic) relationship? A) honeybees gathering pollen from apple blossoms B) butterflies gathering nectar from lily blossoms C) beetles feeding on magnolia blossoms D) ants protecting and feeding from nectaries of Acacia E) wasps such as Campsoscolia ciliata transferring pollen in orchid flowers

E) wasps such as Campsoscolia ciliata transferring pollen in orchid flowers

The ovary is most often located on/in the A) stamen. B) carpel. C) petals. D) sepals. E) receptacle.

carpel

In the life cycle of an angiosperm, which of the following stages is diploid? A) megaspore B) generative nucleus of a pollen grain C) polar nuclei of the embryo sac D) microsporocyte E) both megaspore and polar nuclei

microsporocyte

All of the following are primary functions of flowers except A) pollen production. B) photosynthesis. C) meiosis. D) egg production. E) sexual reproduction.

photosynthesis

Which of the following would be considered a multiple fruit? A) apple B) strawberry C) raspberry D) pineapple E) corn on the cob

pineapple

Which of the following is the male gametophyte of a flowering plant? A) ovule B) microsporocyte C) pollen grain D) embryo sac E) stamen

pollen grain

Based on studies of plant evolution and anatomy, which flower part is least likely to have evolved from a leaf? A) stamen B) carpel C) petals D) sepals E) receptacle

receptacle

All of the following floral parts are involved in pollination or fertilization except the A) stamen. B) carpel. C) petals. D) sepals. E) receptacle.

sepals

At the conclusion of meiosis in plants, the end products are always four haploid A) spores. B) eggs. C) sperm. D) seeds. E) gametes.

spores

Microsporangia in flowering plants are located in the A) stamen. B) carpel. C) petals. D) sepals. E) receptacle.

stamen

Meiosis occurs within all of the following flower parts except the A) ovule. B) style. C) megasporangium. D) anther. E) ovary.

style

What is the difference between pollination and fertilization in flowering plants? A) Fertilization precedes pollination. B) Pollination easily occurs between plants of different species, whereas fertilization is within a species. C) Pollen is formed within megasporangia so that male and female gametes are near each other. D) Pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma. Fertilization is the fusion of haploid nuclei. E) If fertilization occurs, pollination is unnecessary.

D) Pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma. Fertilization is the fusion of haploid nuclei.

Which of the following are true of most angiosperms? A) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed. B) They have an ovary that becomes a fruit. C) They have a small (reduced) sporophyte. D) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed and an ovary that becomes a fruit. E) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed, an ovary that becomes a fruit, and a small (reduced) sporophyte.

D) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed and an ovary that becomes a fruit.

A flowering plant with a deleterious mutation in microsporogenesis would most likely A) fail to produce sepals. B) fail to produce petals. C) fail to produce anthers. D) fail to produce pollen. E) fail to produce ovules.

D) fail to produce pollen.

Which of the following is the correct order of floral organs from the outside to the inside of a complete flower? A) petals → sepals → stamens → carpels B) sepals → stamens → petals → carpels C) spores → gametes → zygote → embryo D) sepals → petals → stamens → carpels E) male gametophyte → female gametophyte → sepals → petals

D) sepals → petals → stamens → carpels

In flowering plants, pollen is released from the A) anther. B) stigma. C) carpel. D) filament. E) pollen tube.

anther

In some angiosperms, other floral parts contribute to what is commonly called the fruit. Which of the following fruits is derived mostly from an enlarged receptacle? A) pea B) raspberry C) apple D) pineapple E) peach

apple