chapter 5

Which of the following involves practices and technologies to minimize the environmental effects of manufacturing and managing computing devices?

Green computing

The marketplace for computer hardware:

Has become increasingly concentrated in top firms.

How would you determine the market demand for your firm's IT services?

Hold focus groups to assess your services

Which type of infrastructure service provides data, voice and video connectivity to employees, customers, and suppliers?

Telecommunications

The decision to purchase your own IT assets or rent them from external providers is also referred to as the rent-versus-buy decision.

True

The operating system is used to manage the computer's activities.

True

Today, many business firms continue to operate legacy systems because they meet a business need and would be costly to replace.

True

All of the following are current hardware platform trends except:

Unix

Which of the following is a multitasking, multi-user, operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that operates on a wide variety of computing platforms?

Unix

Which of the following factors does not help explain why computing resources today are even more available than in previous decades?

Widespread rejection of technology standards

Which of the following became the standard PC in the Personal Computer Era?

Wintel PC

________ provides a standard format for data exchange, enabling web services to pass data from one process to another.

XML

Which of the following is not one of the main six factors to consider when evaluating how much your firm should spend on IT infrastructure?

Your firm's organizational culture

Web mashups

________ are created by combining and customizing components from different online software applications.

Nanotechnology

________ uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices.

Running a Java program on a computer requires:

a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on that computer.

Today's nanotechnology-produced computer transistors are roughly equivalent in size to:

a virus.

The introduction of the minicomputer:

allowed computers to be customized to the specific needs of departments or business units.

Linux is:

an example of open-source software.

A(n)________ is used to communicate between a user and an organization's back-end systems.

application server

A software program with a graphical user interface for displaying web pages and for accessing the web and other Internet resources is called a web:

browser

Interpretations of Moore's law assert that:

computing power doubles every 18 months.

The development of TCP/IP occurred during the ________ era.

enterprise computing

TCO refers to the original cost of purchased technology: both hardware and software.

false

SaaS refers to:

hosting and managing access to software orrect applications delivered over the Internet to clients on a subscription basis.

ZipRealty, which combines Google Maps with real estate data, is an example of:

mashup

A(n) ________ is an integrated circuit to which two or more processors have been attached for enhanced performance and reduced power consumption.

multicore processor

Software that manages the resources of the computer is called:

operating system software.

The practice of contracting custom software development to an outside firm is commonly referred to as:

outsourcing

The ability to be in multiple states at once, dramatically increasing processing power, is a hallmark of:

quantum computing.

Prewritten, commercially available sets of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own software programs for certain functions, are referred to as:

software packages.

Which of the following is a leading networking hardware provider?

Cisco

Application server software is responsible for locating and managing stored webpages.

False

Client/server computing is a primary example of centralized processing.

False

Exponential growth in the number of transistors and the power of processors is expected to increase for the foreseeable future.

False

IT infrastructure consists of only those physical computing devices required to operate the enterprise.

False

Quantum computing is implemented primarily with enterprise or ISP servers.

False

Quantum computing is not yet available to the general public.

False

SANs maintain a series of servers and provide fee-paying subscribers with space to maintain their websites.

False

At what percent of capacity do most servers operate?

15-20%

Hardware and software acquisition costs account for about ________ percent of TCO.

20

Place the following eras of IT infrastructure evolution in order, from earliest to most recent: 1. Cloud Computing Era; 2. Client/Server; 3. Enterprise Era; 4. Personal Computer; and 5. Mainframe and Minicomputer.

5, 4, 2, 3, 1

Scalability refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down.

True

Which of the following is not an example of the consumerization of IT?

Amazon Web Services

Which of the following is the most popular mobile operating system?

Android

Firms that allow employees to use their own devices are embracing which of the following?

BYOD

________ are computers consisting of a circuit board with processors, memory, and network connections that are stored in racks.

Blade servers

Which of the following is not an example of the mobile digital platform?

CRM

Which of the following is the network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers?

Ethernet

Which of the following statements about Linux is not true?

It has garnered 20 percent of the server operating system market.

________ states that the value or power of a network grows exponentially as a function of the number of network members.

Metcalfe's Law

Which of the following is not one of the current software platform trends?

Multicore processors

________ interfaces allow users to employ one or more fingers to manipulate objects on a screen without a mouse or keyboard.

Multitouch

Which of the following types of computing involves purchasing computing power from a remote provider and paying only for the computing power used?

On-demand

Which type of software is created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers and available for free?

Open source

Which of the following is not an IT infrastructure service component?

Operating system software

Which of the following is not one of the NIST defined characteristics of cloud computing?

Reduced elasticity

A formal contract between customers and their service providers that outlines the specific responsibilities of the service provider and to the customer is called a(n):

SLA.

Which of the following refers to a set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application?

SOA

Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a larger number of users without breaking down?

Scalability

Which of the following is not an example of a wearable computing device?

Smartphones

Which model can be used to analyze the direct and indirect costs to help firms determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations?

Total cost of ownership

Which of the following is an example of a legacy system?

Transaction processing system running on a mainframe

A service-oriented architecture is set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application.

True

An application server may reside on the same computer as a web server or on its own dedicated computer.

True

Cloud computing is the fastest growing form of computing.

True

Enterprise infrastructure requires software that can link disparate applications and enable data to flow freely among different parts of the business.

True

Hypertext markup language specifies how text, graphics, video, and sound are placed on a webpage.

True

In N-tier computing, significant parts of website content, logic, and processing are performed by different servers.

True

In financial services firms, investments in IT infrastructure represent more than half of all capital invested.

True

In green computing, reducing computer power consumption is a top priority.

True

Java software is designed to run on any computing device, regardless of the specific microprocessor or operating system it uses.

True

Microsoft is the market leader in client/server networking.

True

Which of the following enables a single physical resource (such as a server or a storage device) to appear to the user as multiple logical resources?

Virtualization

Which of the following is a recent addition to the mobile digital platform?

Wearable computing devices

A SAN is a ________ network.

storage area

Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the ability to communicate in a network are called:

technology standards.

In a multi-tiered network:

the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.

It is much easier to eliminate a cloud service than to remove functionality from a company's core internal systems.

true

Whereas HTML is limited to describing how data should be presented in the form of Web pages, XML can perform presentation, communication, and data storage tasks.

true

A client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machines, is called a(n):

two-tiered client/server architecture.

All of the following are cloud computing services except:

virtualization as a service.

Sets of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using standard web communication standards and languages are referred to as:

web services.