Chapter 5.2

Rebecca and John have decided to take their daughter to Disney World. When they asked their daughter two years later if she remembered going she answered no. Their daughter was most likely less than_____ years of age at the time of the trip to Disney World.

3

Yun Hee is concerned about her daughter, who will be a 1-year-old next week. Her baby is not walking yet, and Yun Hee's family is starting to comment on this. Should she be worried?

No, she should not worry. Only 50 percent of all babies in the U.S. are walking within a week after their first birthday.

Children should lay on their backs to prevent

SIDS

Lee is an 8-month-old infant who is already walking and even running around his house. What would his pediatrician likely say to Lee's parents?

This is actually rare as most babies do not start walking until around their first birthday.

After Nadia learned that penguins cannot fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This best illustrates the process of _____.

accommodation

Hussein is concerned because he cannot remember events before he was about 4 years old. This is called infantile _____.

amnesia

Luca's parents set firm rules but are responsive to his needs. They give him a chance to explain himself and also explain their position on why they cannot allow him to stay out past midnight. Luca's parents have a(n) _____ parenting style.

authoritative

Sam is a 12-month-old infant who just began crawling. He has not attempted to walk yet. This is may be a result of Sam sleeping on his _____.

back

Marcus is the son of a teenage mother. She could not handle taking care of him and put him up for adoption when he was 4 weeks old. Marcus was adopted by a family that loves and cares for him. It is most likely that Marcus will:

become a normal adult with average intelligence.

Five-year-old Otto complained to his mom that the pizza was not big enough. Otto's mom cut the pizza into smaller slices, thus making Otto happy, as he believed the pizza had become larger. Otto lacks the concept of _____.

conservation

Boris was raised in a Russian orphanage where he was given minimal care. At age 6, he was adopted by a loving American family. As he matures, it is likely that Boris will:

display anxiety

Leslie is in the 10th grade and is currently taking Calculus. She is doing very well and has even earned an A in the class. Leslie is in Piaget's _______ stage of cognitive development.

formal operational

Julia was born in France. For the first 3 years of her life, she spoke both French and English. Then she moved to the United States. From age 3 on, she only spoke English. Now, as a high school student, Julia will study French. It is most likely that she will:

have less difficulty with the French accent.

Lanae is three years old and her favorite book is "Are You My Mother," a short story about a baby bird who hatches while his mother is away. The baby bird then leaves the nest in search of his mother. The baby bird follows the first thing he sees. When he is told that it is not his mother he then begins to follow the second thing he sees and so on. _____ is an attachment concept that is an aspect of this story.

imprinting

Jared is unlucky in love. Relationships make him anxious and usually don't turn out well. It is likely that Jared developed a(n) _____ attachment as a child.

insecure

Marissa resents the burden and constraints of caring for her infant daughter. She frequently ignores her daughter's cries for attention. As a consequence, her daughter is most likely to display signs of _____ attachment.

insecure

Mary's inability to toilet train her 10-month-old infant is most likely due to _____.

maturation

Five-year-old Miles is beginning to show signs of being able to plan ahead in a somewhat rational manner. At his age, this development is likely due to neural _____ sprouting in his frontal lobes.

networks

Three-year-old Adam happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist's waiting room while his mother is in the room. However, if she briefly leaves he will be distressed. When she returns, he will go to her for reassurance. Then he will continue to play and periodically go to her side for brief moments. Adam most clearly displays signs of _____ attachment.

secure

Hussein is concerned because he cannot remember events before he was about 4 years old. What is the most likely cause for this infantile amnesia?

His hippocampus was not developed enough.

"I don't care whether you want to wash the dishes; you will do so because I said so!" This statement is most representative of a(n) _____ parenting style.

authoritarian

Shelly's brother hid her favorite stuffed bear in a cabinet after Shelly had originally put the bear in her own toy chest. Shelly has developed a theory of mind. Therefore, when she returns, she _____ find the bear in the cabinet.

can

Becky babysits two sisters, Jasmin and Erum. Last week when the two girls were eating cookies, Jasmin complained about how 'unfair' it was that Erum had more cookies than her. To solve the problem Becky took one of Jasmin's cookies and divided it in half. Jasmin then thought that the cookies were equal between her and her sister and was happy. Several months later Becky is babysitting them again. She fixed the girls brownies and Jasmin again complained that her sister had more brownies than her. Becky divided one of Jasmin's brownies in half and asked her if it was now fair. Jasmin replied, "No, all you did was cut it in half." Jasmin is now in which stage of cognitive development according to Piaget's theory?

concrete operational

Imagine that 10-year-old children were shown photographs of 3-year-old preschoolers and asked to spot former classmates. What were the probable results?

They forgot all of their classmates.

Marcus is the son of a teenage mother. She could not handle taking care of him and put him up for adoption when he was 4 weeks old. Marcus was placed in a foster home where he was abused. As an adult, Marcus is more likely to be a(n) _____ parent.

abusive

Two sealed, pyramid-shaped beakers contain what are clearly identical amounts of a liquid. However, a child suddenly judges them as holding different amounts of liquid after one beaker is inverted. The child apparently lacks a concept of _____.

conservation

Clay is hiding under his blanket so that he is invisible. He believes that if he cannot see his parents they cannot see him. Clay is demonstrating:

egocentrism

Michelle is hiding under her blanket so that she is invisible. She believes that if she cannot see her parents they cannot see her. Michelle is demonstrating _____.

egocentrism

Mike is watching a Disney movie with his son, Jason. Jason likes the movie so much that he becomes excited and stands in front of the TV. Mike asks Jason to move so that he can see the TV. Jason doesn't move. Jason is demonstrating _____.

egocentrism

Three-year old Sam is talking to his grandmother on the phone. He says, "Look what I got today." Sam is displaying _____.

egocentrism

Angela is a 7-month-old baby who rolled over for the first time at 4 months of age and can now sit without support. These milestones reflect a maturing _____.

nervous system

A game of peek-a-boo with his Dad excites William during the first six months of his life because William actually thinks his Dad has disappeared. This is because William lacks _____.

object permanence

Ty's parents divorced when he was 5. His father moved out of state, and his mother is kept busy with trying to keep a roof over their heads. Ty is now 13 and has been getting into some minor troubles with school and with the law. Despite this, his mother still allows Ty to come and go as he wishes. She rarely, if ever, punishes him, and gives in to whatever he wants. She feels guilty about the divorce and his absent father. Ty's mother has a(n) _____ parenting style.

permissive

As a 5-year-old, Ivis suffered a brain injury and lost his ability to speak. With help he was able to relearn how to speak. As an adult, Ivis experienced a stroke and he lost his ability to speak again. This time, however, he could not relearn speech. His inability to relearn how to speak after the stroke was most likely due to the pruning _____.

process

A researcher secretly puts a dab of rouge on a child's nose before placing him in front of a mirror. The child points to the rouge on the mirror's reflected image. From this example we can conclude that the child lacks self-_____.

recognition

Every time 2-year old Rosa goes near the stove, her mother stops her and says, "No, hot!" Rosa's mother is providing her with a _____ to help her internalize.

scaffold