Chapter 61

Permethrin

A prescription scabicide

Gel

A semisolid emulsion that becomes liquid when applied to the skin or scalp

On examination, a circular lesion with irregular outer edges and a pinkish hue in the center is observed on Steve's chest. What type of lesion is consistent with this finding

A superficial spreading melanoma

Fluocinonide

A topical corticosteroid with medium to high potency

The nurse is instructing the patient in how to apply a corticosteroid cream to lesion on the arm. What intervention can the nurse instruct the patient to do to increase the absorption of the medication

A. Apply an occlusive dressing over the site after application

The nurse should assess all possible causes of pruritus for a patient reporting generalized pruritus. What does the nurse understand can be other causes for this condition

A. End-stage Kidney disease

What should the nurse assess for to determine if a patient using corticosteroids for a dermatologic condition is having local side effects? (select all that apply)

A. Skin atrophy B. striae C. Telangiectasia

A patient has a moisture- retentive dressing for the treatment of a sacral decubitus ulcer. How long should the nurse leave the dressing in place replacing it

12 to 24 hours

The nurse is changing the dressing of a chronic wound. There is no sign of infection or heavy drainage. How long will the nurse leave the wound covered for

48 to 72 hours

What are the potential complications of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)

Keratoconjunctivitis, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) are potential complication TEN and SJS

Carbuncle

Localized skin infection involving hair follicles

Liniments

Lotions with added oil to soften skin

What nursing intervention will assist Brian in coping with his acne

Major nursing activities include patient education, particularly in proper skin care techniques, and managing potential problems related to the skin disorder or therapy. Providing positive reassurance, listening attentively, and being sensitive to the feeling of the patient with acne are essential for the patient's psychological well-being and understanding of the disease and treatment plant

The nurse measures the lesion and documents that its is greater than 14 mm in thickness and growing vertically. What prognosis does the nurse expect the healthcare provider will discuss with the patient after the biopsy results are returened

Metastasis is probable. The physician will include education about biopsy and treatment options

Describe why moisture-retentive dressing are efficient at removing exudate

Moisture retentive dressing have a high moisture vapor transmission rate. Some dressings even have reservoirs to hold excessive exudate

Tinea

Most common fungal infection of skin or scalp

Xerosis

Overly dry skin

A patient is being treated for chronic venous stasis ulcer of the lower extremities. What medication does the nurse understand will increase peripheral blood flow by decreasing the viscosity of blood assist with the healing of the ulcers

Pentoxifylline

List four major objectives of therapy for patients with dermatologic problems

Prevent additional damage, prevent secondary infections, revise the inflammatory process, and relieve symptoms

The nurse is assessing a patient for psoriatic lesion after treatment with a nonsteroidal cream. What type of lesion does the nurse know is characteristic of psoriasis

Red, raised patch covered with silver scales

Scabies is an infestation of the skin by the itch mite

Sarcoptes scabiei

There are three types of therapy indicated for the treatment of psoriasis

Topical Phototherapy Systemic

Toxic epidermal necrolyis (TEN)

a potentially fatal skin disorder

The most common skin condition in adolescents and young adults between the ages of 12 and 35 years is

acne

There are three types of wound dressings

passive interacitve active

A patient is diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis on the face and is prescribed a corticosteroid preperation for use. What should the nurse educate the patient about regarding use of the steroid on the face

B. Avoid using the medication around the eyelids because it may cause cataracts and glaucoma

A patient has developed a boil on the face, and the nurse observes the patient squeezing the boil. What complication should the nurse discuss with the patient after encouraging him or her not to manipulate the boil

B. Brain absess

The nurse is assessing a patient with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). What assessment data would indicate that the patient may be progressing to keratoconjunctivitis? (select all that apply)

B. Pruritus of the eyes C. Burning of the eye D. Dryness of the eyes

Santyl

B.An enzymatic debriding agent

The nurse is caring for a patient with extensive bullous lesions on the trunk and back. Prior to initiating skin care, what is a priority for the nurse to do

C. Administer analgesic pain medication

A patient is diagnosed with psoriasis after developing scales on the scalp, elbows, and behind the knees. The patient asks the nurse where this was " caught". What is the best response by the nurse

C. Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from overproduction of keratin

A patient reports severe itching that intensifies at night. The nurse assesses the skin using a magnifying glass and penlight to look for the '' itch mite''. What skin condition does the nurse anticipate finding

C. Scabies

How do cytokines work

Cytokines are proteins with mitogenic activity that releases increased amounts of growth factors into a wound. This process stimulates cell growth and granulation of skin

Furuncle

D. Localized skin infection involving only one hair follicle

Autolytic (blank) is a process that uses the body's own digestive enzymes to break down necrotic tissue

Debridement

What type of dietary advice can the nurse provide to Brian that may assist in preventing the "flare-ups' related to acne

Diet is not believed to play a major role in therapy. How ever, the elimination of a specific food or food product associated with a flare-up of acne, such as chocolate,cola, fried foods,or milk products, should be promoted.

Cheilitis

Dry cracking skin at corners of the mouth

Comedone

E. Primary lesion of acne

The patient is advised to apply a suspension type lotion to a dermatosis site. The nurse should advise the patient to apply the lotion how often to be effective

Every 3 hours

What procedure does the nurse prepare the patient for to obtain confirmation of the diagnosis

Excisional biopsy

The nurse is applying foam dressing to an exudative sacral decubitus ulcer. After application of the foam dressing, what is important that the nurse do

Foam dressing are nonadherent, thus the nurse must apply a secondary dressing to keep them in place

(blank) is an important principle of psoriasis treatment

Gentle removal of the scales

(blank) is the leading caused of death in people with blistering diseases

Infection

A patient is being evaluated for nodular cystic acne. What systemic pharmacologic agent may be prescribed for the treatment of this disorder

Isotretinoin

Pyodermas

J. Bacterial skin infections

Famvir

An antiviral agent used to treat herpes zoster

Scabies

An infestation caused by the itch mite

Corticosteroids are widely used in treating dermatologic conditions to provide (blank), (blank) and (blank) effects

Anti-inflammatory Antipruritic vasoconstrictive

Pemphigus vulgaris is a(n) (blank) disease in which the immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody is directed against a specific cell surface antigen in epidermal cells.

Autoimmune

List five risk factors related to the development of melanoma

Caucasian skin color (particularly fairer-skinned or freckled, clue-eyed, blond or red-haired people of Celtic or Scandinavian origin); history of sunburns, particularly in childhood; previous history of melanoma (multiple primary melanoma are not uncommon); family history of melanomas are not (10% of patients diagnosed with melanoma have a positive family history of melanoma); personal or family history of multiple atypical nevi(Formerly called dysplastic nevi); family history of astrocytoma or pancreatic cancer

Bullous impetigo, a deep-seated infection characterized by large, fluid-filled blisters, is caused by the bacteria

Staphylococcus aureus

The main secretory function of the skin is performed by the (blank), which help regulate body temperature

Sweat glands

The healthcare provider prescribes and oral antibiotic for Brian to take for 1 month and then wants to see him at the time to determine effectiveness. What type of antibiotic is generally prescribed for treatment

Tetracycline