Chapter 61
Permethrin
A prescription scabicide
Gel
A semisolid emulsion that becomes liquid when applied to the skin or scalp
On examination, a circular lesion with irregular outer edges and a pinkish hue in the center is observed on Steve's chest. What type of lesion is consistent with this finding
A superficial spreading melanoma
Fluocinonide
A topical corticosteroid with medium to high potency
The nurse is instructing the patient in how to apply a corticosteroid cream to lesion on the arm. What intervention can the nurse instruct the patient to do to increase the absorption of the medication
A. Apply an occlusive dressing over the site after application
The nurse should assess all possible causes of pruritus for a patient reporting generalized pruritus. What does the nurse understand can be other causes for this condition
A. End-stage Kidney disease
What should the nurse assess for to determine if a patient using corticosteroids for a dermatologic condition is having local side effects? (select all that apply)
A. Skin atrophy B. striae C. Telangiectasia
A patient has a moisture- retentive dressing for the treatment of a sacral decubitus ulcer. How long should the nurse leave the dressing in place replacing it
12 to 24 hours
The nurse is changing the dressing of a chronic wound. There is no sign of infection or heavy drainage. How long will the nurse leave the wound covered for
48 to 72 hours
What are the potential complications of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Keratoconjunctivitis, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) are potential complication TEN and SJS
Carbuncle
Localized skin infection involving hair follicles
Liniments
Lotions with added oil to soften skin
What nursing intervention will assist Brian in coping with his acne
Major nursing activities include patient education, particularly in proper skin care techniques, and managing potential problems related to the skin disorder or therapy. Providing positive reassurance, listening attentively, and being sensitive to the feeling of the patient with acne are essential for the patient's psychological well-being and understanding of the disease and treatment plant
The nurse measures the lesion and documents that its is greater than 14 mm in thickness and growing vertically. What prognosis does the nurse expect the healthcare provider will discuss with the patient after the biopsy results are returened
Metastasis is probable. The physician will include education about biopsy and treatment options
Describe why moisture-retentive dressing are efficient at removing exudate
Moisture retentive dressing have a high moisture vapor transmission rate. Some dressings even have reservoirs to hold excessive exudate
Tinea
Most common fungal infection of skin or scalp
Xerosis
Overly dry skin
A patient is being treated for chronic venous stasis ulcer of the lower extremities. What medication does the nurse understand will increase peripheral blood flow by decreasing the viscosity of blood assist with the healing of the ulcers
Pentoxifylline
List four major objectives of therapy for patients with dermatologic problems
Prevent additional damage, prevent secondary infections, revise the inflammatory process, and relieve symptoms
The nurse is assessing a patient for psoriatic lesion after treatment with a nonsteroidal cream. What type of lesion does the nurse know is characteristic of psoriasis
Red, raised patch covered with silver scales
Scabies is an infestation of the skin by the itch mite
Sarcoptes scabiei
There are three types of therapy indicated for the treatment of psoriasis
Topical Phototherapy Systemic
Toxic epidermal necrolyis (TEN)
a potentially fatal skin disorder
The most common skin condition in adolescents and young adults between the ages of 12 and 35 years is
acne
There are three types of wound dressings
passive interacitve active
A patient is diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis on the face and is prescribed a corticosteroid preperation for use. What should the nurse educate the patient about regarding use of the steroid on the face
B. Avoid using the medication around the eyelids because it may cause cataracts and glaucoma
A patient has developed a boil on the face, and the nurse observes the patient squeezing the boil. What complication should the nurse discuss with the patient after encouraging him or her not to manipulate the boil
B. Brain absess
The nurse is assessing a patient with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). What assessment data would indicate that the patient may be progressing to keratoconjunctivitis? (select all that apply)
B. Pruritus of the eyes C. Burning of the eye D. Dryness of the eyes
Santyl
B.An enzymatic debriding agent
The nurse is caring for a patient with extensive bullous lesions on the trunk and back. Prior to initiating skin care, what is a priority for the nurse to do
C. Administer analgesic pain medication
A patient is diagnosed with psoriasis after developing scales on the scalp, elbows, and behind the knees. The patient asks the nurse where this was " caught". What is the best response by the nurse
C. Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from overproduction of keratin
A patient reports severe itching that intensifies at night. The nurse assesses the skin using a magnifying glass and penlight to look for the '' itch mite''. What skin condition does the nurse anticipate finding
C. Scabies
How do cytokines work
Cytokines are proteins with mitogenic activity that releases increased amounts of growth factors into a wound. This process stimulates cell growth and granulation of skin
Furuncle
D. Localized skin infection involving only one hair follicle
Autolytic (blank) is a process that uses the body's own digestive enzymes to break down necrotic tissue
Debridement
What type of dietary advice can the nurse provide to Brian that may assist in preventing the "flare-ups' related to acne
Diet is not believed to play a major role in therapy. How ever, the elimination of a specific food or food product associated with a flare-up of acne, such as chocolate,cola, fried foods,or milk products, should be promoted.
Cheilitis
Dry cracking skin at corners of the mouth
Comedone
E. Primary lesion of acne
The patient is advised to apply a suspension type lotion to a dermatosis site. The nurse should advise the patient to apply the lotion how often to be effective
Every 3 hours
What procedure does the nurse prepare the patient for to obtain confirmation of the diagnosis
Excisional biopsy
The nurse is applying foam dressing to an exudative sacral decubitus ulcer. After application of the foam dressing, what is important that the nurse do
Foam dressing are nonadherent, thus the nurse must apply a secondary dressing to keep them in place
(blank) is an important principle of psoriasis treatment
Gentle removal of the scales
(blank) is the leading caused of death in people with blistering diseases
Infection
A patient is being evaluated for nodular cystic acne. What systemic pharmacologic agent may be prescribed for the treatment of this disorder
Isotretinoin
Pyodermas
J. Bacterial skin infections
Famvir
An antiviral agent used to treat herpes zoster
Scabies
An infestation caused by the itch mite
Corticosteroids are widely used in treating dermatologic conditions to provide (blank), (blank) and (blank) effects
Anti-inflammatory Antipruritic vasoconstrictive
Pemphigus vulgaris is a(n) (blank) disease in which the immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody is directed against a specific cell surface antigen in epidermal cells.
Autoimmune
List five risk factors related to the development of melanoma
Caucasian skin color (particularly fairer-skinned or freckled, clue-eyed, blond or red-haired people of Celtic or Scandinavian origin); history of sunburns, particularly in childhood; previous history of melanoma (multiple primary melanoma are not uncommon); family history of melanomas are not (10% of patients diagnosed with melanoma have a positive family history of melanoma); personal or family history of multiple atypical nevi(Formerly called dysplastic nevi); family history of astrocytoma or pancreatic cancer
Bullous impetigo, a deep-seated infection characterized by large, fluid-filled blisters, is caused by the bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus
The main secretory function of the skin is performed by the (blank), which help regulate body temperature
Sweat glands
The healthcare provider prescribes and oral antibiotic for Brian to take for 1 month and then wants to see him at the time to determine effectiveness. What type of antibiotic is generally prescribed for treatment
Tetracycline