Chapter 7
How many bones make up the nasal septum?
2. composed of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and the vomer.
Which landmark is found on the proximal end of the humerus?
Greater tubercle (adjacent to the head of the humerus. It is the insertion site for some of the rotator cuff muscles)
Which facial bones fuse to form the upper jaw?
Maxillary (The fused maxillary bones are known as the maxilla, and form the upper jaw and part of the palate)
Which facial bones makeup the central portion of the bridge of the nose?
Nasal (The 2 tombstone shaped nasal bones are found above the nasal cavity. They form a continuous bony bridge that connects the 2 sides of the face.)
Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas.
Occipital condyles (found on both sides of foramen magnum sit on top of the atlas, forming the atlanto-occipital joint)
What region of the vertebral column does the hip bone articulate with?
Sacral region
A lateral projection of a vertebra.
Transverse process (project laterally from the junction of the lamina and pedicle.)
True or false, the sphenoid bone contains a sinus.
True. The sphenoid bone contains the paired sphenoidal sinuses.
The pectoral girdle consists of which of the following bones?
clavicles and scapulae only
Which bone articulates in the acetabulum?
femur
Identify the location of the sphenoid bone
floor of the skull
Spinal nerves run to and from the spinal cord within what structure?
intervertebral foramina
Where is the radius located in reference to the ulna?
lateral (The radius runs parallel to the ulna on the lateral surface of the forearm)
Which of the following is NOT part of the axial division of the skeletal system?
pelvic girdle
Which digit is the radius closest to?
1. The radius runs parallel to the ulna on the same side as the thumb (digit 1)
The adult hip bone consists of _____ regions.
3 (In childhood, the hip bone consists of 3 separate bones. The bones fuse together to become the adult hip bone.)
How many carpal bones are in the wrist?
8.
Identify the articulation site for the femur.
Acetabulum ( the socket for the femur. It is formed by a fusion of all 3 regions that make up the hip bone.)
The major weight bearing part of a vertebra.
Body (The disk shaped bodies of vertebrae are stable and stackable. Most weight is distributed in this region.)
Where in the skeleton is the ulna located in reference to the humerus?
Distal. (The ulna is a bone in the forearm which is distal to the humerus in the upper arm. The humerus makes up the upper arm.)
Which of the following bones is not a facial bone? Ethmoid, Zygomatic, Inferior nasal concha, or Maxillary
Ethmoid (The ethmoid bone forms the area of the cranium between the nasal cavity and the orbits.)
True ribs don't move during respiration, true or false.
False
Which of the following foramen convey a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)?
Foramen rotundum ( The foramen rotundum and the foramen ovale serve as passageways for branches of the trigeminal nerve.)
Identify the true statement about the head of the ulna.: Helps form the pivot joint between the ulna and radius. Helps form the elbow joint. Found at the distal end of the bone. Found at the proximal end of the bone.
Found at the distal end of the bone. (The head of a bone is typically found at the proximal end. The head of the ulna is at the distal end of the bone near the wrist.)
Identify the region of the radius that articulates with the ulna.
Head
The ridge like superior edge of the ilium is known as the _____.
Iliac crest (forms the large flaring superior border of the ilium that ends at the anterior superior iliac spine in the front of the hip bone and the posterior superior iliac spine in the back.)
Which of the following is the largest region of the hip bone?
Ilium
Which region of the hip bone articulates with the sacrum?
Ilium (The ilium is the largest region of this bone. It articulates with the sacrum at the auricular surface.)
Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it.
Inferior articular processes (contact the superior articular process of the vertebra below it, forming a moveable synovial joint.)
Which of the following structures would not be found within a vertebral foramen? Dura mater, Intervertebral discs, Spinal cord, or Spinal nerve roots
Intervertebral discs (located in between the vertebral bodies. They form a symphysis with the bodies and act as a shock absorber.)
Which landmark of the hip bone can be felt on a hard chair?
Ischial tuberosity (The ischial tuberosity is the thickened inferior surface of the ischium. When we sit our weight is distributed to the chair through the ischial tuberosities.)
Identify the large suture on the posterior surface of the skull at the border of the occipital bone.
Lamboid
Which landmark is found on the distal end of the humerus?
Lateral epicondyle (on the lateral distal surface of the bone. It serves as a site of muscle attachment.)
Which of the following facial bones contain a sinus?Zygomatic, Inferior nasal concha, Maxillary, or Nasal
Maxillary (The maxillary bones contain the maxillary sinuses. They are the largest sinuses, located laterally to the nasal cavity in the region of the cheek.)
Which of the following bones do not contain a sinus? Frontal, nasal, sphenoid, or maxillary?
Nasal. (The nasal bones are small tombstone shaped bones that form the bridge of the nose and don't contain sinuses.)
Identify the large hole found in pelvic bone.
Obturator foramen (the large circular hole in the hip bone. A few blood vessels and nerves pass through the part of the obturator foramen that isn't sealed off by a fibrous membrane.)
Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes".
Occipital bone - atlas (The padlike occipital condyles found on both sides of foramen magnum sit on top of the plate like superior articular processes of the atlas, forming the atlanto-occipital joint. The articular surfaces permit nodding of the head in a "yes" motion (flexion and extension).)
Identify the area of the occipital bone that articulates with the vertebral column. can not be palpated from the surface of the head.
Occipital condyles (found on the inferior surface of the skull on either side of foramen magnum. They articulate with the first cervical vertebra, the atlas. This articulation allows us to flex and extend the skull in a nodding "yes" motion.)
Identify the depression found on the posterior surface of the humerus.
Olecranon fossa (the large depression at the distal end of the humerus. The olecranon fossa of the humerus together with the olecranon process of the ulna permit full extension of the forearm.)
Identify the region of the ulna that articulates with the humerus when the forearm is in full extension.
Olecranon process (When the forearm is in full extension the olecranon process of the ulna fits snuggly into the olecranon fossa of the humerus.)
What type of joint is formed between the radius and ulna?
Pivot. (The head of the radius pivots around the ulna at the radial notch, allowing supination and pronation of the forearm.)
Identify the location of the occipital bone.
Posterior surface and base of the cranium
What regions of the hip bones articulate to form a symphysis?
Right and left pubic bodies
How many tarsal bones are there?
Seven. Lateral cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, medial cuneiform, cuboid, navicular, talus, calcaneus
The vertebral projection found in a median plane.
Spinous process (extends posteriorly in a median plane. It serves as a site of muscle and ligament attachment.)
Identify the projection found on distal end of the ulna.
Styloid process
Which of the following regions of the radius help form the wrist joint?
Styloid process (of the radius is a pointed elongation of the epiphysis at the distal end of the bone. It articulates with the carpals at the wrist.)
Identify the types of movement enabled by the articulation between the radius and ulna at the elbow.
Supination and pronation
Identify the small facial bones found in the medial wall of the orbit. (4)
The lacrimal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and frontal bones make up the medial wall of the orbit.
Identify the part of the ethmoid bone that contributes to the nasal septum.
The perpendicular plate is a plate like process that projects inferiorly on midline, forming the superior portion of the nasal septum.
Identify the primary region of the ulna that forms the hinge joint with the humerus.
Trochlear notch
Which bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum?
Vomer (The vomer is a small facial bone that runs superiorly on midline to articulate with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, forming the inferior portion of the nasal septum.)
What is the anatomical name for the facial bones known as "cheekbones"? Lacrimal bones, Nasal bones, Zygomatic bones, or Maxillary bones
Zygomatic. (The zygomatic bones are known as the cheekbones. Together, the zygomatic bone and the temporal bone form the zygomatic arch. This region is the bony foundation of the facial prominence known as the cheek.)
trochanter
a landmark, part of the femur connecting to the hip bone
Which concave socket exists on the lateral surface of each hip bone and receives the head of the femur?
acetabulum
A pelvis was recovered at a crime scene. Which of the following answer choices would support the investigator's conclusion that the pelvis belonged to a female?
an open, circular shaped pelvic inlet with an enlarged pelvic outlet
The palpable hip bone projections in the front of the body felt when you put your hands on your hips are:
anterior superior iliac spines
Which region of the skeleton contains the humerus?
appendicular (The appendicular skeleton consists of all of the bones that make up the arm, hand, leg, and foot.)
The nasal conchae __________.
assist in respiration and olfaction
What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?
atlas (The atlas is essentially a ring of bone. Its structure is highly specialized to articulate with the skull.)
Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head "no".
atlas - axis (The prominent projection known as dens on the axis forms a pivot joint with the atlas, allowing the atlas to rotate around the axis. The axis is a very sensible name for C2 since it serves as a central axis for rotation of the atlas.)
What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?
axis ( C2 is known as the axis. It has a bony projection called the odontoid process that articulates with C1. C1 can pivot around C2, allowing us to rotate our head/shake head "no".)
The clavicle articulates with the scapula __________.
distally at the acromion
Name the opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
foramen magnum
What part of the humerus articulates with the scapula to form the shoulder joint?
head (The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapulae to form the shoulder joint.)
Identify the region of the sphenoid bone that contains the optic canal.
lesser wings (The optic canals are passageways found in the lesser wings. They serve as a passageway for the optic nerve running from the eyeball to the optic chiasma.)
The lateral bulge at the ankle is from the ___________.
malleolus of the fibula
During a particularly stressful point in her life, a student suddenly developed a disorder called temporomandibular joint syndrome (TMJ). As a result she frequently experiences pain and grinds her teeth during sleep. Which two bone markings are directly involved in this disorder?
mandibular fossa and condylar process
What part of the nasal cavity is formed by the nasal septum?
medial wall (The nasal septum divides the nasal cavity in half on midline, thereby forming the medial wall of the nasal cavity on both the right and left sides.)
What organ is located in the hypophyseal fossa of the sphenoid bone?
pituitary gland
Another name for the thumb is __________.
pollex
This facet on the transverse process of thoracic vertebrae provides an articulation site for a __________.
rib
The nasal septum occupies which anatomic plane?
sagittal
Which suture separates the right and left parietal bones?
sagittal
Identify the region of the sphenoid bone in contact with the pituitary gland.
sella turcica (a central depression that houses the pituitary gland)
The vertebral column contains __________ cervical vertebrae.
seven
Which cranial bone spans the width of the cranial floor?
sphenoid (The sphenoid bone is the large bat shaped bone that spans the floor of the skull.)
Which two bones contribute to the zygomatic arch?
temporal and zygomatic
calcaneus
the heel bone of the human foot. achilles tendon attaches to this
The projection at the inferior end of the greater sciatic notch is:_________
the ischial spine.
The axial skeleton consists of ______,_______,and________
the skull, the vertebral column, and the rib cage.
The ribs articulate with the __________.
transverse costal facets of the thoracic vertebrae
Identify the region of the humerus that articulates with the ulna.
trochlea (The trochlear notch of the ulna swings around the trochlea of the humerus forming the hinge joint of the elbow.)