Chapter 8 Facility Layout

Which common layout format refers to the progressive build of a product linked by some sort of material handling device? - Project layout - Assembly line - Manufacturing cell - Workcenter

- Assembly line

Which of the following is not a type of facility where manufacturing cell layouts are widely used? - Metal fabricating - Building an aircraft carrier - Computer chip manufacture - Assembly work

- Building an aircraft carrier

Select all that apply Which of the following would not use a retail service layout? Check all that apply. Multiple select question. - Restaurant - Chain store like Walmart - Car manufacturer - Bank - Building aircraft carrier

- Car manufacturer - Building aircraft carrier

Select all that apply Credit and other nonselling departments that require customers to wait for the completion of their services should be placed where? Multiple select question. - Near the front windows - Dead areas - Upper floors - Near the store entrance

- Dead areas - Upper floors

Layout decisions determine placement within all of the following except - Workstations - Departments - Stock-holding points - Facility network

- Facility network

When scheduling several different models to be produced over a given time period on the same line, you should use which of the following approaches? - Task splitting - Mixed-model line balancing - Assembly line balancing - Cellular layout

- Mixed-model line balancing

Which of the following is not a benefit of a cellular layout? - Improved operator expertise - More in-process inventory - Better human relations - Faster production setup

- More in-process inventory

Select all that apply Two aspects of the spatial layout and functionality are especially important. Which of the following are they? - Multiple select question. - Grouping the merchandise - Planning the circulation path of the customers - The lighting in the building, especially the mixture of natural and artificial lighting - The temperature of the building

- Planning the circulation path of the customers - Grouping the merchandise

Select all that apply How might we handle a situation where the time to perform one task exceeds the cycle time? That is, we need a 30 second cycle time, for example, but one task requires 40 seconds. - Multiple select question. - Product redesign - Work overtime - Use a less skilled worker - Ensure the task is not split

- Product redesign - Work overtime

Which of the following is not a step in the process to balance an assembly line? - Determine the required workstation cycle time - Calculate the efficiency of the balance - Randomly assign tasks to workstations - Determine the theoretical number of workstations

- Randomly assign tasks to workstations

Select all that apply Which of the following are parts of the service that have social significance? Check all that apply. Multiple select question. - Artifacts - Spatial layout and functionality - Symbols - Ambient conditions - Signs

- Signs - Symbols - Artifacts

Select all that apply Which of the following are inputs to the layout decision? Check all that apply. Multiple select question. - Number of fire exits - Space requirements for the elements in the layout - Space available within the facility - Number of workers available for the process

- Space requirements for the elements in the layout - Space available within the facility

Layout decisions determine placement within all of the following except - Departments - Stock-holding points - Supply Chain - Workstations

- Supply Chain

Select all that apply In modern office layouts, the trend is towards more open space. Companies have removed fixed walls. Why? Check all that apply. Multiple select question. - So the boss can keep track of what everyone is doing - To make it cheaper to rearrange the office space - To foster greater communications - To foster teamwork

- To foster greater communications - To foster teamwork

Which of the following is the objective of a retail service layout? Multiple choice question. - To minimize revenue per square foot of store space - To minimize net profit per square foot of store space - To maximize revenue per square foot of store space - To maximize net profit per square foot of store space

- To maximize net profit per square foot of store space

In systematic layout planning, a relationship chart is first developed. From that, an activity relationship diagram is developed. The activity relationship diagram is then adjusted until a satisfactory adjacency pattern is obtained. How is this adjustment made? - Guessing - Trial and error - Spreadsheet - Linear programming

- Trial and error

Which of the following is not a reason to use mixed-model line balancing? - When a task time exceeds the calculated cycle time - To avoid building high inventories. - To meet the demand for a variety of products

- When a task time exceeds the calculated cycle time

Often referred to as a job shop, a process structure suited for low-volume production of a great variety of nonstandard products. - Workcenter - Manufacturing cell - Assembly line - Project layout

- Workcenter

Which layout format places similar processes in a way that optimizes their relative placement? - Workcenter - Assembly line - Project layout - Manufacturing cell

- Workcenter

When a company groups dissimilar machines to work on products that have similar processing requirements, it's using a(n) ___________ layout. - assembly line - workcenter - manufacturing cell - project layout

- manufacturing cell

When attempting to balance an assembly-line, the amount of idle time across workstations should be _________________. - level - negative - minimized - maximized

- minimized

An optimal _____________ layout often places workcenters with large amounts of interdepartment traffic adjacent to one another. - manufacturing cell - assembly line - workcenter - project

- workcenter

The time between successive units coming off the end of an assembly line is referred to as: - assembly-line balancing - line balancing - process flow - workstation cycle time

- workstation cycle time

Click and drag on elements in order Shifting from a workcenter layout to a cellular layout entails three steps. Place these steps in the correct order. - Physically grouping machines and processes into cells - Grouping parts into families that follow a common sequence of steps - Identifying dominant flow patterns of parts families as a basis for location or relocation of processes.

1. Grouping parts into families that follow a common sequence of steps 2. Identifying dominant flow patterns of parts families as a basis for location or relocation of processes. 3. Physically grouping machines and processes into cells

Click and drag on elements in order What are the steps in line balancing an assembly line. Start at the beginning. - Assign the tasks - Determine the required workstation cycle time - Determine the theoretical minimum number of workstations - Select a primary rule by which tasks are to be assigned to workstations and a secondary rule to break ties - Evaluate the efficiency. - Specify the sequential relationships among tasks using a precedence diagram.

1. Specify the sequential relationships among tasks using a precedence diagram. 2. Determine the required workstation cycle time 3. Determine the theoretical minimum number of workstations 4. Select a primary rule by which tasks are to be assigned to workstations and a secondary rule to break ties 5. Assign the tasks 6. Evaluate the efficiency.

Suppose that an assembly line contains the following task times in seconds: 40, 30, 15, 25, 20, 18, 15. Without special arrangements, what is the shortest possible cycle time?

40

Which layout format places manufacturing around work on products that have similar shapes and processing requirements? - Workcenter - Assembly line - Project layout - Cells

Cells

True or false: Systematic layout planning (SLP) is used when the numerical flow of items can be obtained.

False

True or false: The shortest required task time often defines the shortest possible workstation cycle time for production.

False

True or false: The total work at a workstation is equal to the sum of all tasks to complete a product.

False

Which of the following equations is correct for calculating the workstation cycle time? - Sum of task times / cycle time -( 1/ Cycle time) squared - Sum of task times/ actual number of workstations x Workstation cycle time - Production time per day/ required output per day

Production time per day/Required output per day

_____ layouts are characterized by a relatively low number of production units in comparison with workcenter and assembly-line formats.

Project

Which layout format is utilized when a relatively low number of units will be produced? - Workcenter - Project layout - Assembly line - Manufacturing cell

Project layout

When discussing an assembly line, there are differences among line types that include all of the following except

Systematic Planning Reason: ALL assembly lines involve systematic planning.

The servicescape has three elements that must be considered. Which of the following is not one of those three? - The ambient conditions - The uniforms or other outfits worn by the employees - The signs, symbols, and artifacts - The spatial layout and functionality

The uniforms or other outfits worn by the employees

True or false: In a servicescape, the signs, symbols, and artifacts refer to the parts of the service that have social significance.

True

True or false: Office layouts have become more open in recent years.

True

True or false: The objective of layout decisions in a factory is to ensure a smooth work flow or a particular traffic pattern on a service organization.

True

People in supermarkets tend to follow a/n _____ pattern in their shopping behavior.

perimeter

On an assembly-line, the order in which tasks must be performed is called the __________.

precedence relationship

In a _____ layout, a high degree of task ordering is common.

project

One would use systematic layout planning for all of the following situations, except: - cannot obtain numerical flow between workcenters - qualitative factors regarding flow are not identified - use of numerical flow is impractical - when numerical flow between workcenters can be obtained

when numerical flow between workcenters can be obtained

The most common assembly line is a moving conveyor that passes a series of workstations in a uniform time interval called the ___________________. - assembly-line design - assembly-line balance - workstation task - workstation cycle time

workstation cycle time