Chapter 9 Chronic Illness

The nurse is planning community education on the prevalence and incidence of disabilities in the United States. The nurse includes that, according to the U.S. Census (2010), what percentage of people are diagnosed with a disability

20

A young female client smokes two packs of cigarettes and drinks a six-pack of beer each day. The nurse is attempting to teach the client about smoking cessation and decreasing alcohol intake. The client states, "My grandmother lived to be in her 90s, and she smoked and drank. I come from good genes." The most apropriate statement by the nurse is

"Certain illnesses can be traced to common risk factors and can be prevented."

A student nurse approaches a nursing instructor and states that a client was just told that she had a "chronic condition." The student asks the instructor what "chronic condition" means. What would be the instructor's best response?

"Chronic conditions are illnesses or diseases that have a prolonged course."

A client from a low socioeonomic background was diagnosed with a chronic health problem. The client states, "Everyone has to die of something." The most appropriate response by this nurse is

"There are things you can do to minimize the effects of this disease on your health."

A client who is blind and has a guide dog is hospitalized. The nurse states

"What can I do to assist you in keeping your dog with you?"

A client who is obese and the nurse have established a goal for the client to achieve a weight loss of 1 pound each week. One month later, the nurse evaluates that the client has lost 2 pounds. The nurse first states

"You have succeeded in making positive progress."

According to the U.S. Census (2010), what percentage of people are diagnosed with a disability

20

A common misconception is that chronic diseases affect mostly high-income countries. In fact, a great percentage of deaths are from chronic diseases in low and middle-income countries. What is the percentage

80

An elderly female client who has dizziness and osteoporosis fell at home and fractured her hip. She underwent surgical intervention for repair of the fractured hip and is now being discharged to a subacute care facility. In the comeback phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness, the nurse

Acknowledges the client's achievement when she walks to the bedside commode with her

A patient has had a traumatic amputation of the left leg above the knee following an industrial accident. What type of disability does this patient have

Acquired disability

When providing education to the patient with a chronic illness, what is a priority intervention for the nurse to perform

Adapt teaching strategies and materials to the individual patient

An 80-year-old client with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis has difficulty ambulating and is seeking a prescription for a walker. The nurse assesses the client's type of disability as

Age-associated

A client with multiple sclerosis is being discharged. The nurse understands that living with chronic conditions imposes many challenges, including the need to accomplish the following. Select all that apply.

Alleviate and manage symptoms Validate family functioning Validate individual self-worth

A client has a tentative diagnosis of lung cancer following computed tomography (CT) scanning. He is scheduled for a fiberoptic bronchoscopy with biopsy. In the trajectory phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness, the nurse

Answers the client's questions about the bronchoscopy procedure

A client has been hospitalized with heart failure multiple times. The home health nurse is visiting the client with the overall goal of decreasing the frequency of hospitalizations. Using the nursing process, outline the steps the nurse would do in the correct order from 1 to 5.

Assesses the client's weight as 88 kg, 117% of ideal body weight Establishes the nursing diagnosis as Excess Fluid Volume Identifies a goal for the client to weigh 86 kg within 1 week Intervenes by teaching the client about weighing self every day Evaluates the client's weight as 86 kg 1 week later

The nurse is working with a client with a chronic condition. The nurse includes which elements in the plan of care? Select all that apply

Assessment for identity changes Interventions to manage symptoms Interventions to prevent complications

The nurse is working with a client with a chronic condition. The nurse includes which elements in the plan of care? Select all that apply.

Assessment for identity changes Interventions to manage symptoms Interventions to prevent complications

Which statement is a misconception about chronic disease?

Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented

Which chronic illness directly related to an unhealthy lifestyle does the nurse understand is increasing rapidly?

Diabetes mellitus

After multiple treatment plans, a client with cancer has been told that the tumors continue to grow and have metastasized. The nurse is assisting with arranging hospice care for the client. The nurse assesses the client is in which phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness?

Dying

A nursing instructor is discussing the causes of the increasing number of people with chronic conditions. Which of the following would the nurse correctly identify as a cause?

Early detection and treatment of diseases

A client had a previous myocardial infarction and has been experiencing angina from occluded coronary arteries. He received rehabilitative therapy following the myocardial infarction. In the unstable phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness, the nurse

Encourages the client to quit smoking

Which aspect of a healthy lifestyle can the nurse encourage a patient to improve that can significantly enhance quality of life with a chronic condition?

Exercise

Which is a cause related to the increasing number of people with chronic conditions

Improved screening and diagnostic procedures

Which is a cause related to the increasing number of people with chronic conditions?

Improved screening and diagnostic procedures

A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He researches information on the internet about COPD, seeking out new treatments and medications. The client frequently asks his physician and nurse about the new ways of treating his disease. This type of client behavior is seen in which type of model of disability?

Interface model

Which is a true statement regarding characteristics of chronic conditions

Managing chronic conditions must be a collaborative process

The nurse is working with a coalition that is creating a global strategy to prevent and control diabetes. The nurse suggests which strategies? Select all that apply

Monitoring incidence and prevalence rates Partnering with the American Diabetes Association Focusing on healthy lifestyle programming

Which statement provides accurate information related to chronic illness?

Most people with chronic conditions do not consider themselves sick or ill.

The nurse is planning a community education program on disabilities. The nurse plans to include which statement

People with disabilities are most likely to work part time.

During which phase of the Trajectory Model of chronic illness is the focus of nursing care on reinforcing positive behaviors and offering ongoing monitoring

Stable

The nurse is with a client who has a chronic illness and is reinforcing positive behaviors and teaching about health promotion. For which phase of the trajectory model of chronic illness are these nursing actions appropriate?

Stable

A client has constant pain and peripheral neuropathy following chemotherapy for cancer. The nurse assesses the following behavior as a common characteristic of a person with a chronic illness:

The client stops taking some medications due to side effects that are disturbing to the client

A client has constant pain and peripheral neuropathy following chemotherapy for cancer. The nurse assesses the following behavior as a common characteristic of a person with a chronic illness:

The client stops taking some medications due to side effects that are disturbing to the client.

A client with impaired hearing communicates through sign language and has been admitted to the unit before scheduled surgery. The interpreter that the hospital employs is at the bedside. The nurse needs to take what actions into consideration prior to doing preoperative teaching with this client?

The interpreter may lag a few words behind--especially if names or technical terms are to be finger spelled

Clients must contend with chronic illness daily. Nurses relate more effectively to clients when they understand the following as characteristics of chronic illness. Choose all that apply

The management of chronic conditions is a process of discovery. Managing chronic conditions must be a collaborative process. Chronic illness affects the entire family

Which phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness is characterized by reactivation of an illness

Unstable

Evidence-based medical and nursing research (2009) has identified cardiovascular disease as the most prevalent chronic disease in the United States. Under this classification, one condition is the most common. Using this information, a nurse practitioner, treating a 50-year-old man, would do which of the following

Write a prescription for a serum cholesterol level.

A cause related to the increasing number of people with chronic conditions is

improved screening and diagnostic procedures