Chapters 3-4

When it comes to taste buds/receptors which of the following is true?

As we get older we lose some of our taste buds.

The ____ is involved in motor coordination

Cerebellum

Which psychologist is known as the father of psychophysics

Ernest Weber

Which method of studying the brain provides the most information while not exposing the individual to potentially harmful radiation?

MRI

The use of a CT scan to study the brain involves

Multiple x rays of the brain that are put together by a computer to make a composite.

A research subject views a bright light. As the intensity of the light is gradually reduced, it reaches an intensity where the subject can see the light only half of the time it is presented. The light has reached the subject's

Not difference threshold absolute threshold standard threshold fourth option

Which of the following terms describes our individual tendency to be predisposed to perceiving a certain way based on our prior experience

Perceptual Set

What type of psychologist studies the relationship between what is represented in the physical world and how it is represented in the psychological world?

Psychophysicists

The nasal structure that best responds to pheromones is called the

VNO.

The optic chiasm is the

X-shaped structure formed by the crossing of the optic nerves in the brain

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are parts of the ___________ nervous system.

autonomic

The two major components of the peripheral nervous system are the ___________ and the ___________ nervous systems.

autonomic and somatic

A spinal reflex involves impulses that go ________ the spinal cord on sensory neurons and ____ the spinal cord on motor neurons

axons, dendrites

When neural impulses travel from the sense organs to the brain this is called

bottom-up processing

Where would you not find kinesthetic receptors?

brain?

The largest mass of a neuron containing the cell's nucleus is the soma. Another name for it is the

cell body.

In split brain research, the ____________ is cut to determine what effect it will have on a subject's functioning.

corpus callosum

Which is the correct sequence for a nerve impulse that is traveling through a neuron?

dendrite, cell body, axon

The eye changes light waves into nerve impulses that the brain organizes and interprets. Another name for these "light waves" is

electromagnetic

Hormones that impact growth and metabolism are primarily controlled by the _________ system.

endocrine

Which system of the body governs glands and hormones?

endocrine system

Kevin says he experiences runner's high when he runs a marathon and notes that he feels no pain at the end of the run. He is probably experiencing the effects of the neurotransmitter _____________ that acts like a natural pain

endorphin

The ___________ lobe is responsible for reasoning impulse control planning ahead and thinking things through.

frontal

The ___________ lobe is responsible for reasoning, impulse control, planning ahead and thinking things through. This function is often called the executive functioning.

frontal

Receptors for the auditory system are in the

hair cells of the cochlea

You tell your friend that more of the cortex of the brain is devoted to processing sensory information from the mouth, tongue and hands than other parts of the body but your friend doesn't believe you. What word do you type into google or YouTube to show your friend a diagram or drawing that represents how much of the cortex of the brain is involved in processing certain information?

homunculus

Our taste buds generally respond to all of the following flavors except

hot

The receptors for the vestibular sense are located

in the inner ear

The receptors for our kinesthetic sense are located primarily in our

joints and muscles

As we get older the ciliary muscles of the _____ do not work as well which is why some older individuals have to hold reading material farther away in order to see it.

lens

Which aspect of hearing/sound is related to the amplitude of a sound wave?

loudness

John sustained brain damage as a result of an accidental fall. His doctor's notes indicate that John has damage to the hippocampus. What type of function might be impaired?

memory

Overstimulation of the receptors in the vestibular sacs is most likely to lead to

motion sickness.

The white, fatty substance that surrounds the axons of some neurons and speeds up the neural impulse is called the

myelin sheath

Information in our left visual field ends up in the__________of the occipital lube

night side

In the Sensation and Perception chapter perception refers to

organizing and interpreting information in the brain

Information about pain and touch on the skin comes through the cutaneous skin receptors and is processed in the ________lobe of the brain

parietal

Unfortunately Charles has brain damage. He has difficulty with taste, touch and distinguishing other somatosensory information. Which lobe of the brain is affected?

parietal

Unfortunately Charles has brain damage. He has difficulty with taste touch and distinguishing other somatosensory information. Which lobe of the brain is affected?

parietal

Where does information about taste end up in the brain?

parietal lobe

_____ help animals detect when another animal receptive to mating that leads to procreation or when another animal is about to become aggressive.

pheromones

The gestalt principle of _______ explains why we tend to see objects that are close together as a grouping of objects

proximity

The chapter on "Sensation and Perception" is a part of which field of psychology?

psychophysics

For each our sense organs (e.g. eyes skins etc.) there are specialized neural cells that convert physical energy into neural impulses. These are called

receptors

The difference in the electrical charge between the inside of a neuron and the outside of a neuron when it is NOT firing or transmitting an impulse is called the

resting potential.

The brain makes sense out of what we see in the

retina

The part of the eye that contains the receptors cells for vision is called the

retina

In order to see black and white light-energy is converted into neural energy by the receptors for black and white. These receptors are called

rods

Upon walking into a room the music in the room seems extremely loud to you. However, after being in the room for a few minutes, the music doesn't seem nearly as loud even though the volume has not been changed. This experience is called

sensory adaptation

The gestalt principle of ________says that the brain will group together objects that are alike

similarity

Olfaction refers to which sensory system?

smell

Light touches

strong jabs vibrations tickles and itches are all associated with which receptors, cutaneous

The part of the autonomic nervous system that produces the fight or flight response (arousal) is the

sympathetic nervous system

The space between one neuron and another in a nerve fiber is called the

synapse

On a crossword puzzle needing five letters the clue is "gustation". You would write in_________

taste

The receptor cells for taste are called

taste buds

The receptors cells for taste are called

taste buds

Where does what we hear end up in the brain? In other words auditory information ends up in the

temporal lobe

In psychophysics

the smallest amount of physical stimulation that one can detect is called the, absolute threshold

Memory knowledge and experience are a part of the ________________ processing involved in interpreting and organizing information.

top down processing

The use of our acquired knowledge and experience to interpret sensory information is called ________.

top down processing

If you are prone to motion sickness then you should blame the _____________ system with receptors located _______________.

vestibular near the inner ear

Our sense of balance gravity and acceleration is called

vestibular sense.