Chapters 3-4
When it comes to taste buds/receptors which of the following is true?
As we get older we lose some of our taste buds.
The ____ is involved in motor coordination
Cerebellum
Which psychologist is known as the father of psychophysics
Ernest Weber
Which method of studying the brain provides the most information while not exposing the individual to potentially harmful radiation?
MRI
The use of a CT scan to study the brain involves
Multiple x rays of the brain that are put together by a computer to make a composite.
A research subject views a bright light. As the intensity of the light is gradually reduced, it reaches an intensity where the subject can see the light only half of the time it is presented. The light has reached the subject's
Not difference threshold absolute threshold standard threshold fourth option
Which of the following terms describes our individual tendency to be predisposed to perceiving a certain way based on our prior experience
Perceptual Set
What type of psychologist studies the relationship between what is represented in the physical world and how it is represented in the psychological world?
Psychophysicists
The nasal structure that best responds to pheromones is called the
VNO.
The optic chiasm is the
X-shaped structure formed by the crossing of the optic nerves in the brain
The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are parts of the ___________ nervous system.
autonomic
The two major components of the peripheral nervous system are the ___________ and the ___________ nervous systems.
autonomic and somatic
A spinal reflex involves impulses that go ________ the spinal cord on sensory neurons and ____ the spinal cord on motor neurons
axons, dendrites
When neural impulses travel from the sense organs to the brain this is called
bottom-up processing
Where would you not find kinesthetic receptors?
brain?
The largest mass of a neuron containing the cell's nucleus is the soma. Another name for it is the
cell body.
In split brain research, the ____________ is cut to determine what effect it will have on a subject's functioning.
corpus callosum
Which is the correct sequence for a nerve impulse that is traveling through a neuron?
dendrite, cell body, axon
The eye changes light waves into nerve impulses that the brain organizes and interprets. Another name for these "light waves" is
electromagnetic
Hormones that impact growth and metabolism are primarily controlled by the _________ system.
endocrine
Which system of the body governs glands and hormones?
endocrine system
Kevin says he experiences runner's high when he runs a marathon and notes that he feels no pain at the end of the run. He is probably experiencing the effects of the neurotransmitter _____________ that acts like a natural pain
endorphin
The ___________ lobe is responsible for reasoning impulse control planning ahead and thinking things through.
frontal
The ___________ lobe is responsible for reasoning, impulse control, planning ahead and thinking things through. This function is often called the executive functioning.
frontal
Receptors for the auditory system are in the
hair cells of the cochlea
You tell your friend that more of the cortex of the brain is devoted to processing sensory information from the mouth, tongue and hands than other parts of the body but your friend doesn't believe you. What word do you type into google or YouTube to show your friend a diagram or drawing that represents how much of the cortex of the brain is involved in processing certain information?
homunculus
Our taste buds generally respond to all of the following flavors except
hot
The receptors for the vestibular sense are located
in the inner ear
The receptors for our kinesthetic sense are located primarily in our
joints and muscles
As we get older the ciliary muscles of the _____ do not work as well which is why some older individuals have to hold reading material farther away in order to see it.
lens
Which aspect of hearing/sound is related to the amplitude of a sound wave?
loudness
John sustained brain damage as a result of an accidental fall. His doctor's notes indicate that John has damage to the hippocampus. What type of function might be impaired?
memory
Overstimulation of the receptors in the vestibular sacs is most likely to lead to
motion sickness.
The white, fatty substance that surrounds the axons of some neurons and speeds up the neural impulse is called the
myelin sheath
Information in our left visual field ends up in the__________of the occipital lube
night side
In the Sensation and Perception chapter perception refers to
organizing and interpreting information in the brain
Information about pain and touch on the skin comes through the cutaneous skin receptors and is processed in the ________lobe of the brain
parietal
Unfortunately Charles has brain damage. He has difficulty with taste, touch and distinguishing other somatosensory information. Which lobe of the brain is affected?
parietal
Unfortunately Charles has brain damage. He has difficulty with taste touch and distinguishing other somatosensory information. Which lobe of the brain is affected?
parietal
Where does information about taste end up in the brain?
parietal lobe
_____ help animals detect when another animal receptive to mating that leads to procreation or when another animal is about to become aggressive.
pheromones
The gestalt principle of _______ explains why we tend to see objects that are close together as a grouping of objects
proximity
The chapter on "Sensation and Perception" is a part of which field of psychology?
psychophysics
For each our sense organs (e.g. eyes skins etc.) there are specialized neural cells that convert physical energy into neural impulses. These are called
receptors
The difference in the electrical charge between the inside of a neuron and the outside of a neuron when it is NOT firing or transmitting an impulse is called the
resting potential.
The brain makes sense out of what we see in the
retina
The part of the eye that contains the receptors cells for vision is called the
retina
In order to see black and white light-energy is converted into neural energy by the receptors for black and white. These receptors are called
rods
Upon walking into a room the music in the room seems extremely loud to you. However, after being in the room for a few minutes, the music doesn't seem nearly as loud even though the volume has not been changed. This experience is called
sensory adaptation
The gestalt principle of ________says that the brain will group together objects that are alike
similarity
Olfaction refers to which sensory system?
smell
Light touches
strong jabs vibrations tickles and itches are all associated with which receptors, cutaneous
The part of the autonomic nervous system that produces the fight or flight response (arousal) is the
sympathetic nervous system
The space between one neuron and another in a nerve fiber is called the
synapse
On a crossword puzzle needing five letters the clue is "gustation". You would write in_________
taste
The receptor cells for taste are called
taste buds
The receptors cells for taste are called
taste buds
Where does what we hear end up in the brain? In other words auditory information ends up in the
temporal lobe
In psychophysics
the smallest amount of physical stimulation that one can detect is called the, absolute threshold
Memory knowledge and experience are a part of the ________________ processing involved in interpreting and organizing information.
top down processing
The use of our acquired knowledge and experience to interpret sensory information is called ________.
top down processing
If you are prone to motion sickness then you should blame the _____________ system with receptors located _______________.
vestibular near the inner ear
Our sense of balance gravity and acceleration is called
vestibular sense.