Chp 34 Smell & Taste

Which cranial nerves are involved in the sense of taste?

Facial nerve (VII) Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) Vagus nerve (X) Trigeminal nerve (V)

Olfactory nerves are located in the foramina of the inferior nasal concha.

False.

Taste interpretation occurs in the __________ area of the cerebrum.

Insula

Which of the following is not considered a recognized taste?

Lemon

Which of the following is not considered a recognized taste?

Mint

The facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus cranial nerves conduct impulses from taste receptors to the brain.

True.

Sour receptors are mainly stimulated by ___________.

acids

Sour sensations are produced from

acids.

Bitter sensations are produced from

alkaloids.

Alkaloids usually have a ___________ taste.

bitter

The distal ends of the olfactory neurons are covered with hairlike ________.

cilia

The axons of olfactory receptors pass through small openings in the ________________________ of the ethmoid bone.

cribriform plate

Olfactory nerves pass through the cribriform plate of the __________ bone.

ethmoid

The axons of olfactory receptors pass through small openings (foramina) in the cribriform plate of the ____________ bone.

ethmoid

The olfactory interpreting centers are located deep within the temporal lobes and at the base of the ___________ lobes of the cerebrum.

frontal

The facial, ______________________, and vagus cranial nerves conduct impulses related to the sense of taste.

glossopharyngeal

Taste is interpreted in the _____________ of the cerebrum.

insula

Before gaseous substances can stimulate the olfactory receptors, they must be dissolved in ___________.

mucus

Before gaseous substances can stimulate the olfactory receptors, they must be dissolved in mucus _________ that surrounds the cilia.

mucus

In order to detect an odor, molecules must first dissolve in the _________ before they bind to the receptor sites of the _________________. When receptor cells temporarily bind to an odorant molecule, it results in a(n) ______________________ over the olfactory neurons passing through the ________________ of the __________________ and nerve fibers in the __________________. Eventually the impulses arrive at interpreting centers located deep within the _______________ lobes and the inferior ____________ lobes of the cerebrum.

mucus olfactory hairs action potential foramina cribiform plate olfactory bulb temporal frontal

Olfactory receptor cells are actually ____________ that contain pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells with __________________ on their apical ends.

neurons olfactory hairs

When a molecule binds to a taste receptor cell, a ____________________ is secreted and an action potential occurs over a sensory neuron. The nerve impulse continues through the ________________________ and the _______________, and is interpreted in the ___________ lobe of the cerebrum. Sensory _____________ also occurs rather quickly, which helps explain the reason the first few bites of a particular food have the most vivid flavor.

neurotransmitter medulla oblongata thalamus insula adaptation

A chemical would be considered ______________ if a person lacks a particular receptor site on the cilia of the olfactory neurons.

odorless

Combinations of receptor cells stimulated results in various _________.

odors

Receptor cells for taste are located

on the tongue, oral cavity, and pharynx.

Olfactory sensations usually fade __________ because of sensory adaptation.

rapidly

Substances that stimulate taste cells bind with _____________ sites on the surfaces of taste hairs.

receptor

Salt receptors are mainly stimulated by ionized inorganic ________.

salts

Olfactory sensations usually fade rapidly as a result of____________________.

sensory adaptation

The _____________ of a taste cell are its sensitive part.

taste hairs

The taste receptors of a taste bud are the

taste hairs.

The opening to a taste bud is called a ____________.

taste pore

The primary olfactory cortex for interpreting smell is located in the temporal lobe _____________________ of the cerebrum.

temporal lobe

Olfactory interpretation centers are located in the

temporal lobe of cerebrum.

The primary olfactory interpretation center is located in the

temporal lobe of the cerebrum.