Chp 34 Smell & Taste
Which cranial nerves are involved in the sense of taste?
Facial nerve (VII) Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) Vagus nerve (X) Trigeminal nerve (V)
Olfactory nerves are located in the foramina of the inferior nasal concha.
False.
Taste interpretation occurs in the __________ area of the cerebrum.
Insula
Which of the following is not considered a recognized taste?
Lemon
Which of the following is not considered a recognized taste?
Mint
The facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus cranial nerves conduct impulses from taste receptors to the brain.
True.
Sour receptors are mainly stimulated by ___________.
acids
Sour sensations are produced from
acids.
Bitter sensations are produced from
alkaloids.
Alkaloids usually have a ___________ taste.
bitter
The distal ends of the olfactory neurons are covered with hairlike ________.
cilia
The axons of olfactory receptors pass through small openings in the ________________________ of the ethmoid bone.
cribriform plate
Olfactory nerves pass through the cribriform plate of the __________ bone.
ethmoid
The axons of olfactory receptors pass through small openings (foramina) in the cribriform plate of the ____________ bone.
ethmoid
The olfactory interpreting centers are located deep within the temporal lobes and at the base of the ___________ lobes of the cerebrum.
frontal
The facial, ______________________, and vagus cranial nerves conduct impulses related to the sense of taste.
glossopharyngeal
Taste is interpreted in the _____________ of the cerebrum.
insula
Before gaseous substances can stimulate the olfactory receptors, they must be dissolved in ___________.
mucus
Before gaseous substances can stimulate the olfactory receptors, they must be dissolved in mucus _________ that surrounds the cilia.
mucus
In order to detect an odor, molecules must first dissolve in the _________ before they bind to the receptor sites of the _________________. When receptor cells temporarily bind to an odorant molecule, it results in a(n) ______________________ over the olfactory neurons passing through the ________________ of the __________________ and nerve fibers in the __________________. Eventually the impulses arrive at interpreting centers located deep within the _______________ lobes and the inferior ____________ lobes of the cerebrum.
mucus olfactory hairs action potential foramina cribiform plate olfactory bulb temporal frontal
Olfactory receptor cells are actually ____________ that contain pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells with __________________ on their apical ends.
neurons olfactory hairs
When a molecule binds to a taste receptor cell, a ____________________ is secreted and an action potential occurs over a sensory neuron. The nerve impulse continues through the ________________________ and the _______________, and is interpreted in the ___________ lobe of the cerebrum. Sensory _____________ also occurs rather quickly, which helps explain the reason the first few bites of a particular food have the most vivid flavor.
neurotransmitter medulla oblongata thalamus insula adaptation
A chemical would be considered ______________ if a person lacks a particular receptor site on the cilia of the olfactory neurons.
odorless
Combinations of receptor cells stimulated results in various _________.
odors
Receptor cells for taste are located
on the tongue, oral cavity, and pharynx.
Olfactory sensations usually fade __________ because of sensory adaptation.
rapidly
Substances that stimulate taste cells bind with _____________ sites on the surfaces of taste hairs.
receptor
Salt receptors are mainly stimulated by ionized inorganic ________.
salts
Olfactory sensations usually fade rapidly as a result of____________________.
sensory adaptation
The _____________ of a taste cell are its sensitive part.
taste hairs
The taste receptors of a taste bud are the
taste hairs.
The opening to a taste bud is called a ____________.
taste pore
The primary olfactory cortex for interpreting smell is located in the temporal lobe _____________________ of the cerebrum.
temporal lobe
Olfactory interpretation centers are located in the
temporal lobe of cerebrum.
The primary olfactory interpretation center is located in the
temporal lobe of the cerebrum.