Citizens and Their Government

In what ways do cities provide support for local businesses?

-Cities offer contract work to private businesses. -Cities can provide incentives, like tax breaks, to entice -new businesses. -Cities often allow companies to establish monopolies for essential services.

What are the duties of a governor?

-Make appointments -Extend executive clemency -Approve state budgets -Enact or veto legislation

What influences did tribal governments use to create their own governments after the passage of the Indian Reorganization Act?

-United States government -their own traditions

What are the advantages of privatization?

-cost savings -improved management of services

What issues did AIM want to address with the Longest Walk of 2008?

-preserve native sacred sites -preserve tribal sovereignty -protect the environment

If citizens cannot elicit support from a local representative, what are other ways in which they can change local laws?

-protesting -writing a bill

How did Jane Addams help the community of Chicago?

-reforming labor laws -improving education -fighting for minority rights

What are the duties of a justice of the peace?

-works with sheriff's office and local justices of the peace -serves as officer of lower state courts -officiates in many states over courts with limited jurisdiction -performs civil marriages, issues warrants, examines routine traffic violations, and carries out other duties as assigned by state law

Why are some positions at the county level appointed rather than elected?

Appointments allow counties to establish a set of requirements that anyone who wants the position must meet.

How have tribal governments exerted authority over services and funds provided by the federal government to the reservations?

By establishing blood quantum laws

What led to the passage of the Twenty-Third Amendment?

Citizens of Washington, DC had no representation in the federal government.

The form of government in which a board of members serves as both executive and legislative branches of the city

Commission

The form of government with an elected council that serves as a legislative body for the city

Council-Manager

Which of the following forms of government consists primarily of an elected council that serves as a legislative body for the city?

Council-Manager

The _____ Amendment outlaws excessive bail and torture.

Eighth

The __________ was created because many of those who created the Constitution believed that low literacy rates and slow communication at that time did not provide citizens with enough detail to make an informed decision.

Electoral College

True of False: Loss of connection with nature is an advantage of being incorporated into a city.

False

True or False: All Native American tribes share the same requirements to prove tribal membership.

False

True or False: Each state selects the number of electors for the Electoral College based on the financial capital held in each state six months prior to Election Day.

False

True or False: The ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment in 1870 gave Native Americans the right to vote.

False

_____ is a sharing of powers between a nation's central and regional government units.

Federalism

The _____ Amendment protects people from unlawful searches and seizures.

Fourth

Who promoted civic responsibility by cataloging natural processes to reshape the parks service?

George Wright

Who promoted civic responsibility by cataloguing natural processes to reshape the parks service?

George Wright

_____ is the act of redrawing electoral districts in order to establish political advantage for a particular party or individual.

Gerrymandering

Who believed that through education, citizens could fully put into practice the freedoms provided through the Constitution?

Horace Mann

The Indian Reorganization Act established the Bureau of __________.

Indian Affairs

The __________ Act allowed Native American tribes to form their own governments.

Indian Reorganization

What was the purpose of the Indian Reorganization Act?

It allowed Native American tribes to form their own governments.

What was the purpose of the Trail of Broken Treaties?

It called attention to the many agreements that had been broken by the federal government.

How did the Twelfth Amendment change the nature of presidential elections?

It clarified the Electoral College and the process of selecting the president if a tie in the popular and electoral votes should occur.

What is the goal of a semi-judicial council in tribal government?

It establishes a tribal court for dealing with foreign disputes on tribal land.

What is the significance of the Fourth Amendment?

It protects people from unlawful searches and seizures.

___________ wanted to prevent factions or special interests from taking over elections.

James Madison

What procedural process do most state legislatures follow?

Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure

The form of government in which the mayor acts as the executive branch of the city, and the council acts as the legislative branch

Mayor-Council

_____ rights are by default conferred to the first individual(s) who own the real property on the surface.

Mineral

_____ are legally organized areas where people live, typically cities or towns that have the power of self-government.

Municipalities

_____ is the act of gathering signatures to show support for changing an existing law or creating a new law.

Petitioning

_____ are semiautonomous regions within the United States with their own tribal leadership.

Reservations

Who serves as the state's chief legal officer?

The attorney general

How did settlement houses improve the community?

Those in need could gain access to important services to help improve their lives.

True or False: During the Great Depression, the Roosevelt administration wanted to alleviate the financial dependence of Native Americans on the government.

True

True or False: Electoral districts are configured by state or local laws.

True

True or False: Settlement houses improve the community by providing those in need access to important services to help improve their lives.

True

True or False: State governments can exert authority over the federal government by failing to enforce federal law.

True

True or False: State governments have the power to regulate federal law by ratifying amendments.

True

True or False: The intent of Indian schools was to assimilate Native Americans into North American society.

True

True or False: The lowest percentage of civic engagement is at the local level of government.

True

True or False: The main legislative body in nearly all counties in the United States is the Board of Commissioners.

True

The _____ Amendment changed the nature of presidential elections by clarifying the Electoral College and the process for selecting the president if a tie in the popular and electoral votes should occur.

Twelfth

The need for citizens of Washington, DC to have representation in the Electoral College led to the passage of the ______ Amendment.

Twenty-third

An advantage of being incorporated into a city is the __________.

access to municipal amenities and utilities

The "first come, first served" approach to water use applies to __________.

agriculture, industry, and households

When making _____, counties must establish a set of requirements that anyone who wants the position must meet.

appointments

A state's chief legal officer is the __________.

attorney general

The legislatures of 49 of the 50 states are ____ legislatures structured very similarly to the United States Congress.

bicameral

Tribal governments exert authority over services and funds provided by the federal government to the reservations by __________.

blood quantum laws

A county's legislative body is the __________.

board of commissioners

An intermediate court is the first court that _____.

can retry a case

One of the most significant obstacles the tribes had to overcome was drafting a _____.

constitution

The goal of a semi-judicial _____ in tribal government is to allow offenders to make restitution and work toward rehabilitation.

council

Sheriffs and their deputies are responsible in many parts of the United States for patrolling and enforcing laws in the unincorporated areas within their _____ jurisdiction.

county's

A referendum is a(n) __________.

decision about a single political issue, put to the general electorate for a vote

Mineral rights are by default conferred to the __________.

first individual(s) who own the real property on the surface, above the minerals

What is the significance of the freegan movement?

freegans promote civic responsibility through attempting to limit community waste.

The _____ serves as the chief executive of a state's government.

governor

The _____ branch looks at the laws being created and enforced to make sure that they are not unconstitutional.

judicial

Which county officer performs civil marriages, issues warrants, examines routine traffic violations, and carries out other duties as assigned by state law?

justice of the peace

In most states, the __________ acts as the second-in-command in the state executive branch.

lieutenant governor

In most states, who serves as president of a state senate?

lieutenant governor

The power of __________ allows a governor to select certain sections of a bill to exclude from becoming law.

line-item veto

A _____ is a large city that has grown to the point that it engulfs neighboring municipalities.

megalopolis

A _____ is a series of large urban areas linked together.

megalopolis

What are legally organized areas where people live, typically cities or towns that have the power of self-government?

municipalities

To prevent _____, candidates for county positions must meet an established set of requirements that are directly relevant to the job.

nepotism

One of the keys to a healthy government at any level is a __________.

participatory electorate

A(n) _____ is a gathering of signatures to show support for changing an existing law or creating a new law.

petition

The __________ acts as the key aide to the governor, and in a few states is the second-in-command.

secretary of state

At the county level, the _____ has the power to deputize groups of citizens to enforce the law.

sheriff

Jurisdiction for a murder is typically handled by a _____ court.

state

In nearly all states, the state ___________ is the court of last resort.

supreme court

Which of the following offices in most states acts as the second-in-command in the state executive branch?

the lieutenant governor

The power of line-item _____ allows a governor to select certain sections of a bill to exclude from becoming law.

veto

In what way can the executive branch check the power of the legislative branch?

veto legislation