civil rights movement
Legacy of Black Panther Party
*The first panthers free breakfast for school* -children program is initiated in Oakland. -Feeding over 10,000 children every day before school
Plessy v. Ferguson
-1968 Supreme Court Case thay legalized the "separate but equal" doctrine
1964-1968 The Black Power Movement
-Armed self defense against racist cops -"Black is Beautiful" became a common phrase, Afro hairstyles, and new dress styles were identified with the new "African American"
1961 freedom riders challenge segregated bus terminals
-College students traveled into the south to draw attention to its refusal to integrate bus terminals -one of major events during Kennedy years
April 1968
-Dr. King was hit by a snipers bullet as he stood on the balcony in front of his motel room -In Memphis, Tennessee *His death in 1968 marks the end of the movement!!!!*
1955 Montgomery Alabama/ bus boycott & Rosa Parks
-Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was the leader of the bus boycott -Small acts of defiance could empower people to create change.
Brown vs. Board of Education (1954)
-Ended "separate but equal" in schools *This event is the cornerstone of the Civil Rights Movement*
Thurgood Marshall
-First African American to serve on the Supreme Court -Argued the Brown case and won
1960s sit ins at segregated lunch counters
-Four freshmen students went into the Greensboro Woolworth store and sat at a whites only lunch counter.
1955 Money Mississippi/Emmett Till
-His death was the spark that stimulated and united the black community -His death jump started the Civil Rights Movement
Background of Plessy v. Ferguson
-Homer Plessy, 7/8ths white and 1/8th African American rode on the white train car and was jailed for not moving to the black train car.
Malcolm X
-Laid the foundation for the Black Power movement of the laye 1960s and 1970s. -He was an outspoken public voice of the Nation of Islam, which combined Islam with black nationalism.
John Lewis(March from Selma to Montgomery-1965)
-March was at Edmund Pettus Bridge -Day is known as "Bloody Sunday" -Event prompted President Johnson to address Congress on the bed to pass a voting rights bill
1957 Little Rock, Arkansas/ "The Little Rock Nine" at Central High School
-Nine black students tried to attend all white school. -President Eisenhower called in federal troops to assist them in attending school
1966 Black Panthers Party
-Party justifies the use of violence in the accomplishment of black justice -They were influenced by Malcolm X
What did Plessy V. Ferguson legalize?
-The case legalized segregation -As long as there were two separate facilities offering the same services, it was legal to have them separated by race.
1963 Birmingham Alabama/ The Children's March
-The march helped turn public opinion towards support of the movements fight for justice. -Heroism moves President Kennedy to introduces the Civil Rights Bill
(Nov. 22,1963) President Kennedy assassinated
-assassinated in Dallas Texas -Lyndon Johnson becomes President -Johnson gets the 1964 civil rights act passed into law and in 1965 gets the voting rights act passed into law
National media coverage of the Children's March
-pictures made President Kennedy sick with anger and soon afterwards addressed the nation about the need for a civil rights bill.
Linda Brown
Brown v. Board of Education Topeka, Kansas
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.(leader of bus boycott)
He believed nonviolent resistance could end segregation.
Jim Crow Laws
Segregation laws
What did the Brown case provide?
The legal framework to dismantle (end) segregation in public schools.
1963 the March on Washington/ Dr.King's "I have a dream" speech
The rally was the peak moment of the Civil Rights Movement.
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
Their main goal was to challenge segregation in the courts to overturn segregation laws
Response to the Brown ruling:
White citizens council is formed
White Citizens Council
a group made up of white townspeople who's main goal was to maintain(keep) segregation in their towns.