CNA study guide

Patients and residents who cannot move in their bed on their own should be turned at least every____________

2 hrs

Which bath variation below is completed with a packet of body wipes saturated with waterless, no-rinse cleanser?

Bag bath

You do not know how a resident toilets. What is the best way to find the correct information?

Check the resident profile card or care plan.

Families help residents by_________________

Communicating with the care team

Which condition is the leading cause of injury related deaths among older adults?

Falls

To treat minor burns, a CNA can apply a topical preparation such as a burn cream or ointment. True or false?

False

To treat a burn, what is your first step?

Flush the burn with cool, slow running water

Who does The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) set minimum standards for?

Nursing assistant training

The surgical creation of an artificial opening in the large intestine is called a _______________

Colostomy

Enemas are given to relieve the following _________________

Fecal impaction, constipation, flatulence

Ways to prevent aspiration during oral care of unconscious residents include____________

Using as little liquid as possible when giving oral care

What can a nurse aide do to help prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Wipe front to back when giving perineal care

What is the best position for a catheter?

below the level of the bladder, off of the floor, in a cloth bag shielded from view.

What does palliative care involve?

Pain relief and comfort

Ombudsmen are in facilities to assist and support who?

Residents

How should a resident with COPD be positioned?

Semi-Fowlers

When do warning signs of stroke occur?

Suddenly

What is the normal/ average bp?

Systolic 120 diastolic 90

What is considered high bp?

Systolic 140 diastolic 90

Mrs. Sanchez. She has an order for bladder training. What is your role in bladder training?

Take her to the bathroom at specific times and additional times if she feels she needs to go.

You are caring for a resident with dementia, who refuses to change her clothes or remove them at bedtime. How should you handle this?

Take her to the shower and while she has her clothes off remove them and put on new ones.

Mr. Barry, a resident with dementia, asks you when his wife is coming to see him. You know his wife is deceased. How should you answer him?

Tell me about Mrs. Barry

What is the normal respiration range?

14-20 per min

According to state guidelines, how long should you wash hands?

15-30 seconds

You have accidentally nicked the patient's neck when you are shaving him. You should ________________.

Apply pressure and report it to the nurse

When are Ostomy pouches usually changed?

3-7 days

What could make a CNA face criminal charges and lose their certification?

A CNA who witnesses a possible infraction but chooses to not report, a CNA that sneaks into a resident's room to grab some of the resident's candy that the family has just brought in, a CNA that doesn't give the call light to the resident, and the resident falls while trying to ambulate to the bathroom on their own.

What pulse should we report to the nurse right away?

Anything under 60 or above 100

I&O measurements are used for what?

Are used by the provider to make diagnoses or to decide type and amount of medication to prescribe, so it must be accurate

To prevent injuries during a stand-pivot transfer, the safest method is_________________

Ask a co-worker to assist you

Where must a resident's catheter drainage bag be kept?

Below the level of the bladder

What is the correct order of the Hierarchy of Needs?

Biological & physiological, safety & security, love & belonging, self esteem & respect, self actualization

What is mottling, purple/blue splotches on extremities?

Blood pooling in extremities in near-death situation.

When assisting resident on commode or bedpan, how long may they remain on commode?

Check q 10 minutes, limit of 20 minutes

What are the terms describing the relative presence of microorganisms?

Clean, contaminated, sterile

Peri care given to a male resident with a catheter

Cleanse around the urinary meatus and down the catheter about four inches, retract the foreskin and clean replacing the foreskin when done, clean the head of the penis and the shaft, scrotum, etc

What description best describes peri care given to a male resident with a catheter?

Cleanse around the urinary meatus and down the catheter about four inches, retract the foreskin and clean replacing the foreskin when done, clean the head of the penis and the shaft, scrotum, etc.

A person has heart failure. Which measure should you question?

Encourage fluids.

What are some symptoms commonly experienced by people who have diabetes?

Excessive thirst, extreme hunger, frequent urination

What may diarrhea be caused by?

Food, medication, infection, disease

Which items can be used for positioning?

Foot boards, wedges, sand bags, pillows

What does PASS stand for?

For fires: pull extinguisher pin, aim at base of fire, squeeze the trigger, sweep side-to-side.

What does the pneumonic RACE stand for?

For fires: rescue, alarm, contain, extinguish or evacuate.

A resident is receiving enteral nutrition through a gastrostomy tube. To prevent regurgitation, what position must the person be in?

Fowlers or semi-Fowler's position.

What is Autonomic dysreflexia usually triggered by?

Full bladder

What does the chain of infection include?

Germ, agent, reservoir, exit portal, mode of transmission, entry port, and susceptible host.

Which treatment increases blood flow and delivery of oxygen to the area of application, helps relieve pain and stiffness, and carries away excess fluids from site of application?

Heat applications

What do Restorative nursing care do?

Help the person maintain the highest level of function, Prevents unnecessary decline in function, Focus on the whole person

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune illness. This means the body's _____________ system attacks normal tissue.

Immune

Where should the NA stand when helping with ambulation for a resident who is recovering from a stroke?

On the resident's weaker side

Which is a true statement of congestive heart failure?

Residents may take medication that makes them urinate more often.

Good skin care is important when a person has diarrhea because__________

Skin breakdown and pressure ulcers are risks.

Digestion and absorption of usable material/nutrients occurs in this part of the GI system.

Small intestine

What is the most accurate route for measuring temperature when it is done properly?

Tympanic

What is the "normal" or "average" temperature for each location?

Tympanic 98.6 Oral 98.6 Rectal 99.6 Axillary 97.6

To help prevent aspiration, residents should be in the ________ position when eating.

Upright

According to the USDA's MyPlate icon, which food groups should make up at least half of a person's plate?

Vegetables and fruits

ALS affects nerve cells that control___________

Voluntary muscles

Where and how is a radial pulse measured?

Wrist, follow thumb side up to groove above wrist, 30 seconds (if regular) and multiply x 2

Coughing and sneezing, makes you susceptible to being exposed to pathogens most likely by way of _______________________

droplet contact/transmission

What is the most common cause of COPD?

smoking

Which resident would not be appropriate for a Paid Nutrition Assistant to assist?

A resident that is on a pureed diet and thickened liquids because they aspirate easily.

Which resident should a CNA NOT shave with a disposable razor?

A resident that is on blood thinning medications

What does Parkinson's disease typically cause?

A shuffling gait

What are actions NOT within the boundary of the CNA's practice?

Administering medications, taking a physician's order, reviewing resident's medical information with the family

What are some common stereotypes about aging?

All elderly people are poor, a person becomes old at age 65, the elderly are all confused.

Which is a statement regarding documentation?

All parts of the medical record are considered legal documents.

What is an incorrect position for a catheter?

At level of heart.

Which is a sign of approaching death?

Decreasing blood pressure

What are the five stages of grieving identified by Dr Kubler-Ross?

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

What are some type of cold applications?

Disposable cold pack, ice bag, ice collar

When documenting, what do you do if you mess up?

Draw a single line thorough the documentation, write "error" and your initials and then write the information in the proper place.

Why are females more likely to have urinary tract infections than males?

Due to shorter urethra

What are some items that should be used when ambulating with a resident that needs assistance with ambulation?

Non-skid footwear, gait-belt, walker or other assistive devices as according to the care plan

Normal changes of aging in the integumentary system include_____________

Increased sensitivity to cold.

The CNA should wash from the ____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ___ when washing a patient's eye area.

Inner canthus to the outer canthus

When giving a small volume enema such as Fleets you must ___________

Insert the enema tip into the rectum approximately one inch.

Why is diarrhea very serious in older persons?

It can cause dehydration and death.

What is a fecal impaction?

It is an accumulation of constipated stool., may be digitally removed by the nurse, can cause rectal pressure and pain

What causes temperature?

It is created as the body changes food to energy.

What is Restorative care?

It is required by state and federal law, it is guided by a care plan, it is provided by all staff that have responsibilities for resident care, and happens 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Guidelines for proper catheter care by a nursing assistant include the following_______________________

Keeping the genital area clean to prevent infection

A durable power of attorney for health care ________________

Makes medical-related decisions for the resident after they become unable

Colostomy care includes ___________________

Manage any flatus odor as per care plan, remove leaking ring around colostomy and reapply as directed by the nurse, emptying or draining bag

In Kansas, what is not within the CNA boundaries in regards to impaction?

Manually removing the BM from the rectum with gloved fingers

What is true of the normal aging process?

Most elderly people are active and engaged in activities

A medication was given for pain relief. When should scheduled care be given?

Thirty minutes after the drug was given.

The CNA's responsibilities regarding post-mortem care include______________

Placing draining pads where needed

When brushing a resident's teeth_____________

Position the brush at a 45-degree angle to the gums

What does a residents care plan include?

Problems to be addressed, goals to be met, staff members responsible for interventions, resident's wishes

Which is the safest practice when making a bed?

Raise the bed.

What is one reason why reporting a resident's changes and problems to the nurse is a very important role of the nursing assistant?

The care plan must be updated as the resident's condition changes.

To empty an ostomy pouch _______________

The drain at the bottom is opened.

What happens when a cataract develops?

The lens of the eye becomes cloudy.

You have a new admission on your resident assignment. Which information should you make sure the resident is aware of?

The location of the bathroom and how to operate the call light signal

You are attending a patient care conference as the CNA on the team. What things should you discuss with other members of the healthcare team?

The person's ability to perform self-care

What is the purpose of writing an incident report?

The purpose is to identify and correct undesirable trends in resident care whether personnel related or systemic in nature.

What are general signs and symptoms of cancer?

Thickening or lump in the breast or other part of body., New mote and obvious change in an existing mole. A sore that does not heal. Hoarseness or cough that does not go away.

Normal changes of aging include ________ _____________

Thinner, dryer skin

A resident has liquid feces smearing or seeping from her anus. This is likely a sign of _________ _____________

fecal impaction