Craven Ch. 19

The nurse applies an alcohol-based hand rub upon entering the client's room. The client becomes upset stating, "You did not wash your hands!" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

"Alcohol-based hand rub provides the greatest reduction in microbial counts on the skin."

A pediatric client's caregiver states, "I will never give my child vaccinations." What is the priority nursing response?

"Help me understand your thoughts about vaccinations."

The nurse is caring for a client who requires droplet precautions. Which statement made by the client would indicate further teaching is required?

"I can leave my room any time I want as long as I wear a mask."

The nurse is preparing a sterile field for a procedure in the client's presence. Which is the most appropriate instruction to give the client in this situation?

"I have set up this sterile field for your procedure, so please do not touch anything around the tray."

A family member with a mild upper respiratory infection comes to visit a client in a long-term care facility. The nurse takes the opportunity to teach the family member about preventing the spread of the cold. What response by the family member indicates that the nurse's teaching was successful?

"I will obtain a mask from the staff and wash my hands before touching my family member."

The nurse is teaching the client how to self-administer an insulin injection. What response(s) indicates that the client understands the safety principles of self-administration? Select all that apply.

"I will rotate the site of my injection." "I will immediately dispose of the needle and syringe into a puncture-resistant container." "I will gently mix my insulin by gently rolling the vial between the palms of my hands."

The nurse is educating a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about ways the virus can be transmitted. Which statements made by the client demonstrates the education provided was effective? Select all that apply.

"If someone is exposed to my blood, I may transmit the virus to him or her." "I may transmit the virus to my child during pregnancy and childbirth." "I may transmit the virus if I share needles with another person."

A nurse is educating adolescents on how to prevent infections. The nurse determines which statement(s) by participants indicates more education is needed?

"It is okay to share glasses and eating utensils with my family and friends because they are all pretty healthy."

The nurse is reviewing discharge instructions for a client who was prescribed amoxicillin to be taken twice a day. Which statement by the client would require further teaching?

"Once I start feeling better, I should stop taking the antibiotic."

The friend of a long-term care client comes to visit despite having an upper respiratory infection. What health teaching will the nurse share with the visitor?

"Please get a mask from the staff upon entry and use a mask along with hand hygiene when visiting to prevent the spread of infection to your friend and others."

The nurse reminds the visitor of a client with an antibiotic-resistant infection that gloves are necessary. The visitor states, "I need to directly hold my loved one's hand without a barrier." What essential information does the nurse need to explain to the visitor to prevent transmission of the organism?

"The glove is an important barrier in preventing the transmission of your loved-one's antibiotic-resistant infection to you or other people you come in contact with."

Several family members are visiting a client with an antibiotic-resistant infection who has been placed on contact precautions. When the nurse teaches the visitors about wearing gloves and gowns, a family member states, "I don't want to wear those. I can't catch anything just by holding my loved one's hand." What is the best response to educate the family about infection transmission?

"These barriers help prevent the transmission of infection to you or other people."

The client presents to the Emergency Department reporting fever, chills, and a productive cough. The chest x-ray shows an area of infiltrate, and the primary care provider prescribes a broad spectrum antibiotic. Which client teaching statement from the nurse is most appropriate regarding the prescribed drug?

"This antibiotic is the best choice since the causative organism is not known."

The nurse has admitted a client on airborne precautions onto the medical-surgical unit. When the client asks, "When will these airborne precautions be removed?" what is the appropriate nursing response?

"When your sputum culture is negative."

A nurse is caring for a client, age 4 years, who is being treated for osteomyelitis in his left femur. He is on a 28-day course of IV vancomycin to be administered daily at 1300. Today is day 3 of treatment, and the pharmacist asks the nurse to draw a peak vancomycin level. What would be the most appropriate time to draw this blood?

1500

The nurse is caring for four clients. Which client presents the most susceptibility for infection?

46-year old with a foley catheter following anesthesia

Which practice is a correct application of infection control practices?

A nurse performs hand washing each time the nurse removes a pair of gloves.

After meeting with the family to give an update on the surgical client, the nurse shakes their hands before leaving. Which method of hand hygiene is most appropriate following this encounter?

Alcohol-based hand rub

Which client presents the most significant risk factors for the development of Clostridium difficile infection?

An 81-year-old client who has been receiving multiple antibiotics for the treatment of sepsis

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with tuberculosis (TB). What would be the best action by the nurse?

Apply a nonparticulate (N-95) respirator when entering the room.

Which statement about glove use and hand hygiene is true?

Artificial fingernails should not be worn by staff involved in direct client care.

After the nurse has set up a sterile field for a dressing change, the nurse realizes that an essential item has been forgotten. How should the nurse proceed?

Ask another staff member to bring the forgotten item.

A nurse has just given an injection to a client and is preparing to dispose of the needle and syringe. Which action would be least appropriate for the nurse to do?

Break the needle off at the hub after recapping it.

The nurse is preparing to don sterile gloves for a procedure that requires surgical asepsis. Place the following steps in the order that the nurse should take when donning sterile gloves. Use all options.

Carefully open the inner package taking care not to touch the inner surface of the package or the gloves. With the thumb and forefinger, grasp the folded cuff of the glove, insert fingers while pulling the glove over thee hand. Place the fingers of the gloved hand inside the cuff of the remaining glove and insert the fingers while stretching it over the hand. Adjust gloves on both hands if necessary, touching only sterile areas with other sterile areas.

A client who has had abdominal surgery develops an infection in the wound while still hospitalized. Which precautions are implemented by the nurse to prevent the spread of infection?

Contact precautions

The nurse is donning a pair of sterile gloves. The nurse correctly dons the first glove, but inadvertently inserts the thumb and index finger into the thumb hole of the second glove. The glove remains intact. Which action is most appropriate?

Continue to don the glove, then use the other gloved hand to carefully insert the finger into the proper hole.

The nurse is inserting an indwelling catheter. What steps will the nurse distinguish as priorityin preventing an infection?

Create an area for sterile field and opening packages

The nurse has completed an intervention with a client. There is no visible soiling on the nurse's hands. Which technique is recommended by infection control practice standards for hand hygiene?

Decontaminate hands using an alcohol-based hand rub.

A nurse working in a high-risk area of the health care facility is receiving an annual vaccination. Employees working in which areas need to prove their immunization status? Select all that apply.

Dialysis Pediatrics Transplantation

When preparing a sterile field, the nurse notes that the bottle of sterile saline was opened 48 hours ago and is half full. What action does the nurse take to ensure that the saline used is sterile?

Discard the bottle and get a new one because the saline has expired.

The nurse is setting up a sterile field to perform a catheterization when the client touches the end of the sterile field. What would be the nurse's next appropriate action?

Discard the sterile field and the supplies and start over.

The nurse is preparing a sterile field for a bedside procedure. During preparation, the client reaches over the field for the water pitcher. What would be the best action by the nurse?

Discard the supplies and field and prepare a new sterile field.

The nurse has finished caring for a client on contact precautions. Which nursing action regarding the stethoscope used to auscultate this client's lungs and bowel sounds is appropriate?

Disinfect it with alcohol swabs.

The nurse is inserting a foley catheter for a client. Which nursing action is appropriate if the sterile field is broken during this procedure?

Don another pair of sterile gloves.

Nurses wear personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect themselves and clients from infectious materials. Which examples accurately represent the proper use of personal protective equipment in a health care agency? Select all that apply.

During some care activities for an individual client, nurses may need to change gloves more than once. Nurses should remove PPE at the doorway or in an anteroom, except for the respirator. To remove a gown, nurses should unfasten ties, if at the neck and back, and allow the gown to fall away from shoulders.

Which nursing action carries the greatest likelihood of contributing to the spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)?

Emptying the Foley catheter bag of a client with VRE and then helping the client in the next bed transfer to a chair without washing hands between contact.

An older adult client has been receiving care in a two-bed room that he has shared with another older, male client for the past several days. Two days ago, the client's roommate developed diarrhea that was characteristic of Clostridium difficile. This morning, the client himself was awakened early by similar diarrhea. The client may have developed which type of infection?

Exogenous healthcare-associated

A nurse is caring for a client with ringworm. Which microorganism causes ringworm in a client?

Fungi

A nursing student is performing a urinary catheterization for the first time on a female client and inadvertently contaminates the catheter by touching the bed linens. What should the nurse do next to maintain surgical asepsis for this procedure?

Gather new sterile supplies and start over

Which piece of personal protective equipment (PPE) should be removed first?

Gloves

The client is concerned about "catching the flu." What primary information can the nurse teach the client to best prevent the spread of infection?

Hand hygiene

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with influenza and acute otitis media. Which is the most effective action the nurse can teach the client's family to prevent the spread of infection?

Hand hygiene

An experienced nurse is educating a student nurse on the proper use of hand hygiene. What is an accurate guideline that should be discussed?

Hand hygiene must be performed after contact with inanimate objects near the client.

A veteran nurse is working with a new graduate nurse. The graduate nurse states that she was exposed to a client's blood and that she was not wearing any PPE. Which would be considered significant blood exposures by occupational health? Select all that apply.

Hepatitis B Hepatitis C HIV

A nurse follows surgical asepsis techniques for inserting an indwelling urinary catheter in a client. What is an accurate guideline for using this technique?

Hold sterile objects above waist level to prevent inadvertent contamination.

A nurse is adding a sterile solution to a sterile field and has just opened the bottle according to manufacturer's directions. What is the next step?

Hold the bottle outside the edge of the sterile field with the label side facing the palm of the hand and prepare to pour from a height of 4 to 6 in (10 to 15 cm).

A client comes to the emergency department with major burns over 40% of his body. Although all of the following are true, which one would provide the rationale for a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Infection?

Intact skin and mucous membranes protect against microbial invasion.

A nurse provides care for an adolescent who is diagnosed with mononucleosis. Which crucial information does the nurse include in client education about the condition? Select all that apply.

It is important to practice safe sex because a form of mononucleosis can be transmitted through sexual contact. Mononucleosis is called the "kissing disease" so refrain from kissing. Because mononucleosis is spread through saliva, do not share food, drinks, or silverware. Cover coughs or sneezes to reduce the risk of spreading infection. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes mononucleosis.

The nurse is caring for a client in protective isolation due to neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy. What priority precaution should the nurse implement in this client?

Monitor client for depression and loneliness

The nurse is providing discharge education for a client with diabetes. Which symptom(s) of foot ulcer infection should the client report to the health care provider? Select all that apply.

Pain with redness and swelling Localized heat Purulent or malodorous drainage

A 12-year-old is being hospitalized for pneumonia. The nurse receives the client's culture and sensitivity report on her tracheal aspirate. The client is infected with a strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is particularly prone to cause infections, also referred to as what?

Pathogenic

Following a demonstration to a family member on how to insert a straight catheter, the nurse instructs the family member to remove the gloves by inverting one glove into the other. Which step would the nurse instruct the family member to do next?

Perform hand hygiene

The nurse is preparing to provide wound care for a client who is on droplet precautions. Place the following steps in the correct order that the nurse should take. All options must be used.

Perform hand hygiene. Put on gown, with the opening in the back and tie gown securely at neck and waist. Apply mask with face shield, secure ties at the middle of the head and neck. Put on clean disposable gloves.

An operating room nurse is caring for a client who will soon undergo an appendectomy. Which handwashing technique is most appropriate for the nurse to use when caring for this client?

Perform surgical hand scrub using detergent.

When pouring a sterile solution, what care should the nurse take to avoid contamination of the solution?

Pour and discard a small amount of the solution before each use.

A nurse needs to visit the intensive care unit to administer an enema to a client. Which step should the nurse take when using the sterile solution located at the entrance to the intensive care unit?

Pour and discard a small amount of the solution.

Which intervention would the nurse implement to prevent infections in a client who is neutropenic as a result of chemotherapy and radiation therapy?

Protective isolation precautions

The nurse will assess a client who has a draining abscess. The nurse should perform what action to safely enter the room?

Putting on gloves picture

The nurse suspecting that a client has an infected surgical wound should assess for which sign? Select all that apply.

Redness Swelling Pain Exudate

The nurse is caring for a client who has been placed in strict isolation. Which nursing action is appropriate?

Remove fresh fruit from the room.

A nurse is changing the bed linen of a client admitted to the health care facility. Which isolation precaution should the nurse follow?

Standard precautions

A client is to have an indwelling urinary catheter inserted. Which precaution is followed during this procedure?

Surgical asepsis technique

The nurse has applied personal protective equipment (PPE) before caring for an immunocompromised client. When removing PPE, what action should the nurse perform?

Taking off gloves with 2 fingers picture

The nurse is teaching a new nurse about preparing a sterile field. Which action made by the new nurse would indicate further teaching is required?

The new nurse touches 1.5 in. (4 cm) from the outer edges.

A nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which nursing intervention promotes infection control based on nursing practice standards for safety?

The nurse places the client in a private room with monitored negative air pressure.

When assisting a physician during a surgery, a nurse is required to wear a cover gown. Which characteristic is common to all cover gowns?

They have close-fitting wristbands to avoid contaminating the forearms.

The nurse is caring for a client who is hospitalized and has an indwelling urethral catheter. Which finding would most likely indicate the client has developed an infection?

Urine culture is positive for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).

The nurse is caring for a client who has an infection spread by respiratory droplets and is under droplet precautions. Which precautions should the nurse take?

Use a mask when within 3 ft (1 m) of the client

A nurse has just attended to a client with diarrhea and is assigned to change the dressing of a client with a burn injury. What should the nurse do before attending to the second client? Select all that apply.

Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water. Perform hand hygiene as soon as possible after leaving the first client. Use disposable towels to turn off the faucet.

The nurse is providing an in-service educational program for the interprofessional health care team about infection control precautions. What teaching will the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Wear personal protective equipment (PPE). Practice hand hygiene. Keep client's environment clean.

Which client is most likely to require neutropenic precautions?

a client recovering from a bone marrow transplant

A nursing student is preparing to return demonstrate the skill of handwashing. Which action would indicate that the student needs additional education?

adjusts the water temperature to be hot

After teaching an inservice presentation about hand hygiene and the use of soap and water or an alcohol-based handrub, the nurse determines that the education was successful when the group identifies which situation(s) as appropriate for using an alcohol-based handrub? Select all that apply.

after touching a client's clean wound dressing between contacts with a contaminated body surface and another site on the same client after touching a client's bedside table to remove his meal tray

A man on an airplane is sitting by a woman who is coughing and sneezing. If she has an infection, what is the most likely means of transmission from the woman to the man?

airborne route

Which client would require a negative flow room?

an 81-year-old man with active tuberculosis and a productive cough

For which client would the use of standard precautions alone be appropriate?

an incontinent client in a nursing home who has diarrhea

The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for assigned clients. Which client has the highest risk for developing an infection?

an older adult client with a history of heart failure

What are the recommended cleansing agents for hand hygiene in any setting when the risk of infection is high?

antimicrobial products

A nurse is changing the soiled bed linens of an older adult client who has urinary incontinence and is hospitalized. The nurse monitors the client closely based on the understanding that this client is at greater risk for:

bacteremia

The nurse is initiating isolation precautions for a client who has chronic Clostridium difficile infection. What should the nurse be sure to include with these precautions?

be sure that there are gloves of various sizes and gowns for use

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. The prior shift's nurse has placed the client in droplet precautions. Which is the appropriate nursing action?

change to airborne precautions

The client is an employee on the medical unit at the local children's hospital. The nurse is an occupational health nurse educating the client on various routes of exposure. The nurse knows that as a hospital employee, the client is most susceptible to infection by what mode of transmission?

contact

The nurse is caring for a client with a draining abscess. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

contact

The nurse is caring for a client with acute viral conjunctivitis. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

contact

The nurse is caring for an older adult with a recurrent wound infection. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

contact

The nurse is assisting a client with a history of vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE). What precaution should the nurse implement?

contact precautions

An acute medicine unit of a hospital currently has a number of clients who have tested positive for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which measures should the nursing staff prioritize in preventing the spread of MRSA to clients who are currently MRSA-negative?

diligent handwashing practices

A nurse is collecting contaminated items and depositing the bag in a second bag, held by another nurse, outside the client's room. Which infection control measures are the nurses performing?

double-bagging

The nurse is admitting a client to the unit who needs frequent airway suctioning. Which precautions will the nurse select for the client?

droplet

The nurse is caring for an older adult with influenza. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

droplet

The nurse is caring for an older adult with streptococcal pneumonia. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

droplet

The nurse and a colleague have admitted a client who is on contact precautions. The nurse and colleague are removing their personal protective equipment and the nurse sees the colleague perform the pictured action. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?

encourage the colleague to remove the glove by grasping the cuff

A nurse is preparing a sterile field and has removed the sterile drape from the outer wrapper. The nurse places the inner drape in the center of the work surface with the outer flap facing in which direction?

facing away from the body

Which personal protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse don to enter the room of a client who is diagnosed with Clostridium difficile?

gown and gloves

The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a family member who will be caring for a client with an abdominal incision. Which concept should be the priority in the teaching plan?

hand washing

Which nursing action is a component of medical asepsis?

handwashing after removing gloves

A student nurse is performing hand washing in the clinical setting. Which observation would require the nursing instructor to intervene?

has manicured nails that are 1-in. (2.5-cm) long

The nurse is caring for a client who developed pneumonia while hospitalized. How will the nurse document this condition?

health care-associated infection (HCAI)

The nurse is preparing a sterile field before providing a client with wound care. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

holding it by the tips picture

The nurse is teaching a client the correct procedure for pouring a sterile solution. Which client action indicates the need for further education from the nurse?

holding the container off to the side

A nurse is taking stock of the equipment in the room of an older adult client with pneumonia who has been on parenteral nutrition for a long time. Which equipment can transmit infection to older adult clients?

indwelling catheter

The nurse is caring for a pediatric client who became very ill after being in a day care where a number of other children are sick with the same condition. How will the nurse document this condition? Select all that apply.

infectious disease communicable disease contagious disease

The nurse is receiving a confused client with a draining wound onto the medical-surgical unit. Which room assignment will the nurse make?

into a private room

The nurse is using aseptic technique to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. Which technique made by the nurse is correct?

keeping sterile field above waist level

A nurse is taking care of a client with tuberculosis who has developed resistance to the ordered antibiotic. Which type of client is most likely at increased risk for infection?

older adult

A nurse is providing care to a client who has developed an infection due to Candida. The infection is resistant to several medications. The client asks the nurse how he may have developed this infection. When responding to the client, the nurse would incorporate an understanding of which factor as contributing to the organism's resistance?

overprescription of antibiotics

A nurse is working with a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This nurse has another client that day who has an upper respiratory infection. What is the most important thing the nurse can do to prevent the client with HIV from acquiring the upper respiratory infection?

perform hand hygiene before and after entering the client's room

The nurse is recovering from a mild upper respiratory infection with no fever. The nurse is assigned to care for four clients. What is the appropriate nursing action to prevent clients from getting the infection?

perform meticulous hand hygiene and don a new mask with each client encounter

A nurse has collected the blood, urine, and stool specimens of a client with meningococcal meningitis. Which precaution should the nurse take when transporting the specimens?

place the specimens into plastic biohazard bags

A nurse is caring for an older adult client at a long-term health care facility. Which infections pose a risk to long-term care residents and older adult clients admitted to health care facilities? Select all that apply.

pneumonia skin infection influenza

Nurse A. is working her fourth consecutive shift at the hospital, and frequent handwashing over the past 3 days has dried her skin and resulted in a crack in the skin over one of her knuckles. As a result, Nurse A. has applied a small transparent dressing to cover the crack for the duration of this shift. Which of the following components of the infection cycle is Nurse A. addressing by this action?

portal of entry

The nurse is preparing to help mobilize a client with an abdominal wound that is colonized by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which of the shown actions should the nurse perform before assisting the client?

putting on gloves picture

The nurse will be entering the room of a client with pneumonia to provide personal care. What action should the nurse perform while applying personal protective equipment (PPE) for this situation?

putting on just face mask picture

A nursing student is donning sterile gloves to perform routine tracheostomy care for a client. Which behavior by the student would require immediate intervention from the instructor?

reaches down to the bed to pick up a sterile drape

The nurse manager is developing a plan to decrease the transmission of health care associated infections. What would be the best to implement?

staff education on utilizing hand hygiene

The nurse who is caring for a client in contact isolation is preparing to conduct an assessment. How will the nurse listen to the client's heart?

stethoscope that remains in the client's room

The latest CDC guidelines designate standard precautions for all substances except:

sweat.

The nurse is removing gloves after responding to the call light of a client on airborne precautions. During glove removal, what action is most likely to result in contamination?

taking off gloves picture

The nurse is removing gloves after performing care for a client on droplet precautions. What action best adheres to principles of infection control?

taking off second glove picture

The nurse triaged a number of clients in the emergency department. Which clients would the nurse identify as Risk for Infection? Select all that apply.

the client who has AIDS and is taking antiretroviral medications the client who reports abdominal pain for 1 day and exhibits an elevated white blood cell count the client who has breast cancer, is receiving chemotherapy, and has a low white blood cell (WBC) count the older adult client who is cachetic in appearance

The nurse is caring for assigned clients who are all stable. Which client should the nurse see first to minimize the spread of infection?

the client who is 48-hours postsurgical procedure

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is used in health care facilities to protect the staff from potentially infected clients.

true

While assessing a client admitted with a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, what finding might the nurse observe?

unsteady gait

Which is not appropriate regarding the use of gowns as PPE?

use of one gown per person per shift

A nurse needs to send the blood and urine specimen of a client with acute diarrhea to the pathology laboratory. Which precaution is the priority when collecting and delivering the specimens to the laboratory?

use sealed containers in a plastic biohazard bag

A nurse is educating a rural community group on how to avoid contracting West Nile virus by using approved insect repellant and wearing proper coverings when outdoors. By what means is the pathogen involved in West Nile virus transmitted?

vectors

A nurse is assisting a client scheduled for appendicitis surgery with skin preparation. Which step is performed during skin preparation of a client?

washing the surgery site with soap and warm water before the planned procedure

Which care intervention should the nurse anticipate when providing care to a client admitted with a possible diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB)?

wearing a particulate respirator for all client care and interaction

A nurse should perform hand hygiene in which circumstance?

whenever hands are visibly soiled

The nurse observes a member of the nursing assistive personnel who is removing personal protective equipment (PPE) in the client's room, as seen in the image above. What education should the nurse provide to this member of the care team?

"Avoid touching the outside of your gown when removing it."

A nurse is preparing to add a sterile solution to a sterile container on a sterile field. After opening the container, what would the nurse do with the cap?

Position it with the inside facing up on a flat surface.

The nurse is caring for a client with a cough and copious secretions. Before providing care, the nurse observes the licensed practical nurse (LPN) standing outside the client's room and donning personal protective equipment as shown above. How should the nurse best interpret the LPN's actions?

The LPN is donning personal protective equipment appropriately.

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. Which precautions will the nurse select for this client?

airborne

The nurse is caring for an older adult with pulmonary tuberculosis. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

airborne

Which are the names of the transmission-based precautions defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)? Select all that apply.

airborne precautions droplet precautions contact precautions

The nurse caring for clients at an outpatient clinic determines that which client is at greatest risk for infection?

an 80-year-old woman

Which clients are at a heightened risk for infection? Select all that apply.

client with gastric tube feeding client with an indwelling catheter client with an IV catheter

An infection-control nurse is discussing needlestick injuries with a group of newly hired nurses. The infection control nurse informs the group that most needlestick injuries result from:

recapping a needle.

The nurse notices a student preparing to enter the room of a client with pulmonary tuberculosis with only gloves on. What is the appropriate nursing intervention?

remind the student that a fitted N95 respirator is required

The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) collecting a urine specimen from a client with Staphylococcus aureus infection. Which action by the UAP would require the nurse to intervene?

removes gloves and walks out of the room

A nurse is performing a sterile dressing change. If new sterile items or supplies are needed, how can they be added to the sterile field?

with sterile forceps or hands wearing sterile gloves