CRMJ 280 Quiz 3

What should researches pay the most attention to when conducting a focus group? A. Groupthink and dominant group members B. Random questions raised in the group C. Using incentives for discussion D. The emergence of controversial topics

A. Groupthink and dominant group members

What are the types of focus groups? A. Natural and artificial groups B. Artificial and neutral groups C. Contrived and natural groups D. Intent and neutral groups

A. Natural and artificial groups

Qualitative interviews may be slightly more effective than survey research in regard to its ____. A. Reflexivity B. Reliability C. Generalizability D. Validity

A. Reflexivity

Which of the following research projects would be the least likely to be carried out by a field observation method? A. When the research focuses upon motivation and reasons for crime B. When research in the natural setting is of up most importance C. When a researcher wants to get information about the behavior of a group that is not likely to be found in the generalpopulation D. When a researcher wants to get an overview of the physical surroundings

A. When the research focuses upon motivation and reasons for crime??

Eau Claire Police Department has a ride-along (with an officer) program. This is a great opportunity for students play the role of ___ in field research if they would like to observe routine activities in everyday policing and interactions between police and citizens. A. Complete participant B. Participant-as-observer C. Observer-as-participant D. Complete observer

C. Observer-as-participant

Which of the following situations would be a relatively appropriate study to use unstructured interviewing? A. Gathering information on State Supreme Court judges B. Gathering information on active criminals C. Gathering information on prison wardens within your state D. Gathering information on death row inmates from Texas

B. Gathering information on active criminals

Dr. Kim was conducting a field research in the Stanley Correctional Institution more than six months for understanding the subculture in prison. He begins to become more sympathetic to inmate's treatment and shows compassionate about their behaviors and past history. What is a concern for Dr. Kim in the field research? A. Going nuts B. Going native C. Going unneutral D. Going native

B. Going native

Compared to the structured interview, a primary advantage of using the semi-structured interview is that... A. It reduces errors contributed by spontaneous questions B. It allows unscheduled questions that are relevant to the dialogue C. It retains latitude of thinking changes to study subjects D. It enhances validity of standardized assessment

B. It allows unscheduled changed that are relevant to dialogue

What is the primary advantage of using the unstructured interview? A. It provides more non-specific data B. It provides more breadth and in-depth information C. It provides more interaction with participants D. It provides more numerical data

B. It provides more breadth and in-depth information

If Dr. Cohen wants to study juveniles who steal cars through a field observation design, who would be the best serve as Dr. Cohen's informant? A. Mothers of young boys B. Police officers in a youth crime team C. School teachers D. Young people arrested for drugs

B. Police officers in a youth crime team

In in-class group activities (application 4), if your group created a structures interview schedule regarding death penalty issues, this type of interview schedule primarily consists of... A. Spontaneously and random created questions B. Predetermined questions and/or answer sets C. Time specific responses D. Questions in hierarchial order

B. Predetermined questions and/or answer sets

____ interview questions are neither involve nor depend on the element of time A. Diachronic B. Synchronic C. Historical D. Chronological

B. Synchronic

In terms of kinds of qualitative interviews, which one is the most open style of interviewing? A. Structured B. Unstructured interview C. Hybrid interview D. Semi-structured interview

B. Unstructured interview

Which of the following statement about qualitative interviewing in general is CORRECT? A. Studying public perception about criminal justice system is not an appropriate research topic for a qualitative interview. B. In the qualitative interviewing, "memoing" is the process of memorizing observations and taking brief research notes. C. A great way to make sense of qualitative data is through using thinking units. D. Reflexivity refers to objectivity in the interview process.

C. A great way to make sense of qualitative data is through using thinking units

"Rapport" plays what role in the process of the interview? A.Manipulating data to appease participants B. Challenging participants C. Connecting with participants D. Understanding oneself in the context of the participant

C. Connecting with participants

Among different research purposes, an unstructured interview is typically the best for... A.Explanatory studies B. Evaluation studies C. Exploratory studies D. Policy analysis studies

C. Exploratory studies

Which of the following sampling techniques could NOT be used in field research? A. Snowball sampling B. Purposive sampling C. Non-probability sampling D. Stratified sampling

C. Non-probability sampling?

In terms of data recording and collection, what (field) observation is the most similar to an environmental survey? A. Unstructured observation B. Structured observation C. Open-ended observation D. Blind observation

C. Open-ended observation??

Ground theory possibly stems from qualitative interviewing because... A. The qualitative study involves diverse populations B. The qualitative study involves deductive reasoning C. The qualitative study analyzes patterns and themes D. The qualitative study uses linear regression in analysis

C. The qualitative study analyzed patterns and themes

When researchers use focus groups in their research design, they are more interested in... A. Gathering vast amounts of quantitative data B. Finding specific participant response patterns and observing group members C. Understating more spontaneity and emergence of themes D. Challenging participant's cognition

C. Understating more spontaneity and emergence of themes

When doing field research, researchers should be aware that which of the following sampling dimensions could alter behavior? A. Time of day or year B. Weather C. Location D. All of the above

D. All of the above

According to the clip watched in class regarding marketing research class, two researchers were undercover and observed a drive-through in a McDonald parking lot. What is the role of the researchers? A. Complete participant B. Participant-as-observer C. Observer-as-participant D. Complete observer

D. Complete observer

Dr. Pablo would like to use qualitative interviewing in his research, what is the first step he should take? A.Determining question format B. Figuring out interview type C.Writing questions D. Determining interview populations and subjects

D. Determining interview populations and subjects

Which of the following statement about field research is TRUE? A. In general, validity is especially weak and reliability is strong in field studies. B. Field research can provide only qualitative data and help hypotheses testing. C. Field research is straight forward, researchers do not have the concerns of sampling methods and survey techniques. D. Field research combines observation and asking questions. However, it can also be conducted without interviewing.

D. Field research combines observation and asking questions. However, it can also be conducted without interviewing.`

Which of the following statements about focus groups is TRUE? A. Focus groups are useful in learning about debate process and cannot be used to generate hypotheses B. A focus group is typically classified as a type of survey based research C.The interview schedule for focus groups is limited in structured style D. Individuals in a natural (focus) group usually have an existing connection or have shared cultural meaning and background

D. Individuals in a natural (focus) group usually have an existing connection of have shared cultural meaning and background

Which of the following is the most inappropriate subject matter for a field study? A. Juvenile gang behavior following the arrest of one of its leaders B. Police-citizen interactions at a rock music concert C. Homeless people and shelter usage D. Measuring the length of jury trials

D. Measuring the length of jury trials?

If researchers think they will need to ask a series of questions of the subjects, what is the most appropriate role they should select in the field research? A. Complete observer B. Complete observer C. Combination of observer and participant D. None of the above

D. None of the above??

Which of the following statements about structured field interviews is CORRECT? A. Structured filed interviews would be relatively more appropriate to apply to criminals than unstructured filed interviews. B. Researchers cannot change the order in which questions are asked C. Researchers can use follow up questions to clarify an earlier prepared questions D. Researchers use only key words and phrases for note taking because there would be no need to track other details.

D. Researchers cannot change the order in which questions are asked

___ Approach is relatively more exploratory and allows for deeper exploration of topics that emerge compared to _____ approach. A. Ocean-and-sea, mountain-and-peak B. Mountain-and-peak, tree-and-branch C. Ocean-and-sea, river-and-channel D. River-and-channel, tree-and-branch

D. River-and-channel, tree-and-branch

Field research is usually considered to be strong on ___ yet weak on ____. A. Generalizability, validity B. Reliability, validity C. Reliability, generalizability D. Validity, reliability

D. Validity, reliability