Culture and Society FAU Pearson Revel Chapter 11

In terms of gender relations, which of the following are characteristics of agricultural societies in comparison to foraging societies?

Overall, they tend to have greater gender inequality compared to foraging societies.

Which of the following explains how religion can intersect with gender roles and relations in a society?

Sacred myths may sanction and reinforce gender roles and the values assigned to men and women.

Which of the following might enable a woman to be a good nurse?

She has learned to be nurturing through socialization and enculturation and has been taught that her society approves of that role for women.

Which of the following describes the gender relations present in Yanomamo culture?

The belief that females are unworthy and the subsequent practice of female infanticide has resulted in a scarcity of women in most communities.

Which of the following partially explains why women's contributions to the world economy are often distorted or unrecognized?

The way work is classified in census data overlooks the specific economic contributions of women who work within the home.

How do women in Igbo society develop a high degree of autonomy despite cultural expressions of male superiority?

They are the primary participants in and maintain control over village and regional trade.

What does the term "double day" refer to in describing the lives of women in many industrial societies?

Women perform most of the household tasks in addition to working outside of the home.

What does the term "gender identity" refer to?

a person's internalization and expression of cultural expectations associated with a gender category

What is the basis of "man-the-hunter" models?

assumptions about the original roles of men and women that reflect the cultural practices of mid- and late nineteenth-century Europe

Under what circumstances are women likely to have relatively high status?

in societies where women's labor directly contributes a large portion to the food supply

Which of the following summarizes the concept of "gender inequality?"

the denial of autonomy and equal rights to one group of people based on their gender

A biologically male member of the Mohave is recognized to be drawn to economic roles usually associated with women and participates in a public ceremony during which he is recognized as a Two-Spirit. This illustrates which of the following?

the existence of a legitimate third gender among the Mohave

Traditionally, Chinese households were headed by the eldest male member of the patrilineage. In line with their culture, heads of household were permitted to beat their wives and children. Which of the following contributed to a situation that made it difficult for wives to depend on their relatives for support when they had conflicts with their husband or in-laws?

the practice of patrilocal postmarital residence

What is the significance of making a distinction between sex and gender?

By defining gender as aspects shaped by culture and sex as those determined by biology, anthropologists are able to describe and explain cross-cultural variations in the social roles, expectations, and behaviors of males and females.

Which of the following summarizes the Hindu perspective on homosexuality?

Homosexuality is considered an acceptable expression of human desire and is portrayed as a joyful experience in myths.

What is the relationship between gender and a society's division of labor?

In all societies, gender is connected to the social expectations of the type of work individuals perform.

Which of the following summarizes recent trends in women's political representation worldwide?

In recent decades, the number of political positions held by women in both local and national governments has increased significantly, although most heads of state are still men.

Which of the following accurately describes the "cult of domesticity?"

It justified the segregation of men and women's work roles.

In the second half of the twentieth century, people in the United States became increasingly influenced by theories in popular psychology. How did this influence gender ideologies?

It reinforced the belief that men are inherently aggressive whereas women are naturally passive and therefore suited to different forms of work.

What trend was initially seen in terms of the effects of modernization on men and women?

Modernization contributed to a decline in women's status, especially in Africa and Asia.