Culture Study Guide (10/5 Test)
A sociologist conducts research into the ways that Hispanic American students are historically underprivileged in the US education system. What theoretical approach is the sociologist using?
Conflict theory
the American dream- the notion that anybody can be successful and Rich if they work hard enough- is mostly associated with which sociological Theory?
Conflict theory
The Ku Klux Klan is an example of what part of culture?
Counterculture
What is the difference between a culture and a society?
Culture- shared beliefs, values, and practices Society-people who live in a definable community and who share a culture
The major difference between invention and discovery is:
Discovery involves finding something that already exists, but invention puts things together in a new way
An example of high culture is ___________, whereas an example of popular culture would be ____________.
Dostoevsky style in film; "American Idol" winners
what theoretical perspective views society as having a system of interdependent inherently connected parts
Functionalism
Give an example of material and non-material culture.
Material- American flag Non-material- capitalism
The American flag is a material object that denotes the USA; however, there are certain connotations that that many associate with the flag, like bravery and freedom. In this example, what are bravery and freedom?
Non-material culture
What are cultural universals?
Patterns or traits that are globally common to all societies
What is the difference between real and ideal culture?
Real culture- the way society really is based on what actually occurs and exists Ideal culture- the standards a society would like to embrace and live up to
Cultural sanctions can also be viewed as ways that society:
Regulates behavior
the Occupy Wall Street movement of 2011 grew to be an international movement. Supporters believed that the economic disparity between the highest economic class and the mid to lower economic classes is growing at an exponentially alarming rate. A sociologist who studies that Movement by examining the interactions between members at occupy camps would most likely use what theoretical approach?
Symbolic interactionism
Give an example of cultural lag.
Using cell phones on a daily basis.
are any ideas countercultural?
Yes, thinking women are inferior to men in America Thinking education is useless
identify an example of popular culture and describe how it informs larger culture. How prevalent is the effect of this example in your everyday life?
YouTube videos. people learn from these videos, they talked about them in casual conversation. Vine compilations are quoted every day.
Values
a culture's standard for discerning what is good and just in society freedom
Language
a symbolic system of communication Soda vs. Pop
List three American Values
bravery freedom of speech capitalism
Your eighty-three-year-old grandmother has been using a computer for some time now. As a way to keep in touch, you frequently send emails of a few lines to let her know about your day. She calls after every email to respond point by point, but she has never emailed a response back. This can be viewed as an example of:
cultural lag
The terms ______ and _________ are often used interchangeably, but have nuances that differentiate them.
culture and society
Rodney and Elise are U.S. students studying abroad in Italy. When they are introduced to their host families, the families kiss them on both cheeks. When Rodney's host brother introduces himself and kisses Rodney on both cheeks, Rodney pulls back in surprise. Where he is from, unless they are romantically involved, men do not kiss one another. This is an example of:
culture shock
That McDonald's is found in almost every country around the world is an example of:
diffusion
Folkways
direct, appropriate behavior in the day-to-day practices and expressions of a culture
what subcultures have emerged from your generation?
emo screaming trap edm
do you feel that feelings of ethnocentricity for xenocentricity are more prevalent in US culture? Why do you believe this? What issues or events might inform this?
ethnocentricity I hear on their news and other media many things. Many people where make America great again apparel. They believe the American way is the best way generally. I do not want to stereotype, but it does seem to occur in certain regions of America.
Define narcissim
extreme selfishness, with a grandiose view of one's own talents and a craving for admiration, as characterizing a personality type.
Symbols
gestures or objects that have meanings associated with them that are recognized by people who share a culture thumbs up
Some jobs today advertise in multinational markets and permit telecommuting in lieu of working from a primary location. This broadening of the job market and the way that jobs are performed can be attributed to:
globalization
Counterculture
groups that reject and oppose society's widely accepted cultural patterns Cults
Subculture
groups that share a specific identification, apart from a society's majority, even as the members exist within a larger society biker culture, AA
how do you think your culture would exist if there were no such thing as a social Norm? Do you think chaos would ensue or relative peace could be kept? Explain.
it would not exist. chaos would be everywhere. It would be Anarchy. If there are no laws, we do not have any order. This situation would be dangerous to our health.
what are some examples of cultural lag that are present in your life? Do you think technology affects culture positively or negatively? Explain.
many people, such as myself, do not hear about trending topics or clothing, Etc. Until it is over. It has its pros and cons. A long list would be needed to decide this because there are so many different points to be made.
The biggest difference between mores and folkways is that
mores are primarily linked to morality, whereas folkways are primarily linked to being commonplace within a culture
How is self-fulfillment different from narcissism?
self-fulfillment- achieving your hopes and ambitions narcissism- thinking you are the best and deserve the best
The existence of social norms, both formal and informal, is one of the main things that inform ________, otherwise known as a way to encourage social conformity.
social control
how have the issues of your generation Express themselves culturally?
social media mostly, we use it as a platform for expressing opinions.
Modern-day hipsters are an example of:
subculture
Technology
the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry. cell phone
Mores
the moral views and principles of a group
Cultural Relativism
the practice of assessing a culture by its own standards, and not in comparison to another culture trying foods to see why locals like them
Ethnocentrism
the practice of evaluating another culture according to the standards of one's own culture people in England drive on the "wrong" side of the road
What is cultural diffusion?
the spread of material and non-material culture from one culture to another
Laws
the system of rules that a particular country or community recognizes as regulating the actions of its members and may enforce by the imposition of penalties.
Norms
the visible and invisible rules of conduct through which societies are structured laws
Most cultures have been found to identify laughter as a sign of humor, joy, or pleasure. Likewise, most cultures recognize music in some form. Music and laughter are examples of:
universalism
how has your generation made its mark on society's Collective culture?
we seem a lot more open and accepting of each other's differences. We are more involved and want to make the world better buy communication on social media about common issues.
The belief that one's culture is inferior to another culture is called:
xenocentrism
A nation's flag is:
A symbol
Who were the Nacirema? What was the point of that article?
Americans. To show how a person from outside of our culture would perceive our customs.
