DEP 2000 Final

Behavior that is categorized by competitiveness, impatience, and a tendency toward frustration and hostility is called

Type A behavior pattern.

Which of the following models represents U.S. minority groups, which draw from their own cultural identities while integrating themselves into the dominant culture?

bicultural identity model

A diagnosis of death based on the cessation of all signs of brain activity, as measured by electrical brain waves, is called

brain death.

Which of the following U.S. societal models views individual cultural identities as needing to be assimilated into a unified culture?

cultural assimilation or melting-pot model

Which of the following is the most common mental disorder of the elderly, covering several diseases, each of which includes serious memory loss accompanied by declines in other mental functioning?

dementia

1. In which of the following legal documents is the healthcare proxy authorized?

durable power of attorney

The relationship between environmental factors and intellectual skills suggests that with the proper stimulation, practice, and motivation, older people can maintain their mental abilities, or __________

plasticity.

According to researchers Arnold Lazarus and Susan Folkman, an individual's assessment of an event to determine whether its implications are positive, negative, or neutral is called

primary appraisal

If a student assesses the situation to determine how much time it will take to adequately study for the upcoming exam, this is an example of

primary appraisal.

The development of pubic hair is an example of

primary sex characteristics secondary sex characteristics Response Feedback: Remember, secondary sex characteristics are the VISIBLE signs of sexual maturity (breasts and pubic and underarm hair in girls; growth of the penis, facial, underarm, and pubic hair and deepening of the voice in boys). If you can see it, then it's a secondary SC.

The death of a spouse leads to

profound feelings of loss and brings about drastic changes in economic and social circumstances.

The theory suggesting that overall processing speed declines in the peripheral nervous system with increasing age is called

peripheral slowing hypothesis.

Adolescents who engage in risky behaviors such as not using condoms when engaging in sexual activity and driving recklessly when drunk are exhibiting

personal fable.

1. What percentage of women experience no significant symptoms of menopause?

10%

Early adulthood extends from ages:

20 to 40.

What percent of adolescents are classified as obese? .

5-20 percent Response Feedback: Obesity is a common concern during adolescence (5% of all adolescents and this number is growing). The psychological consequences of adolescent obesity are severe since body image is a key focus. Moreover, the potential health consequences of obesity are also of concern

Egocentrism leads to a distortion in thinking: the notion that one's experiences are unique. This may lead the adolescent to develop

personal fables

How well people handle stress is an interplay between

physical and psychological factors.

Which of the following best describes the meaning of "functional age"?

physical and psychological well-being

Which of the following models suggests that U.S. society is made up of diverse, coequal cultural groups that should preserve their cultural features?

pluralistic society model

1. Which of the theories promotes the view that the cells of the body can only duplicate a certain number of times, and that the genetic instructions for running the body can be read only a certain number of times before they become illegible?

Genetic programming theories of aging

Which of the following aspects of memory loss involving information processing deficits has received the most research support?

Memory declines are due to changes in the ability to pay attention to and organize tasks involving memory skills.

Which of the following is true regarding memory loss in middle-aged people?

Middle-aged people may attribute absent-mindedness to aging, even though they have actually been absentminded most of their lives.

According to researchers Arnold Lazarus and Susan Folkman, an individual's assessment of whether one's coping abilities and resources are adequate to overcome the harm, threat, or challenge posed by the potential stressor is called

secondary appraisal.

If a student assesses the situation to determine how much time he/she has available to devote to studying for an upcoming exam, this is an example of

secondary appraisal.

The process by which people concentrate on particular skill areas to compensate for losses in other areas is called

selective optimization

The process by which people concentrate on particular skill areas to compensate for losses in other areas is called

selective optimization.

Which type of memory capacity changes during old age, and especially slips around age 70?

short-term memory

1. Some medical experts argue that a person who suffers irreversible brain damage, who is in a coma, and who will never experience anything approaching a human life

can be considered dead.

What component relates to the mental components involved in analyzing data used in solving problems, especially problems involving rational behavior?

componential

Adrian returned home from vacationing in Europe. While he was flying home, his father died after suffering a heart attack. When told of his father's death, Adrian suffered from symptoms similar to a panic attack. Which of the following terms provides the best description of the immediate effect of Adrian's reaction to his father's death?

acute stressor

Which of the following is most likely to lead to an increase in stress?

adopting a new baby

Male sex hormones are called __________, while female sex hormones are called

androgens; estrogens

A severe eating disorder in which individuals refuse to eat while denying that their behavior and appearance, which may become skeleton-like, are out of the ordinary is called

anorexia nervosa

According to Paul Costa and Robert McCrae, the "Big Five" personality traits

appear stable across adulthood

The acknowledgement of the objective fact that one has experienced a death is called

bereavement

The effort to control, reduce, or learn to tolerate the threats that lead to stress is called

coping.

Karla is having difficulty finding adequate, affordable daycare for her child while she is at work. Instead of focusing on the negative, she looks at the bright side and realizes that at least she has a good job in a tight economy. Karla is utilizing

emotion-focused coping

When a person attempts to control stress by using conscious regulation of emotions, this is known as

emotion-focused coping

When developmentalists looked at the two kinds of intelligence, fluid and crystallized, to determine if intelligence continues to grow, slow, or decline with age, they determined that __________.

fluid intelligence does decline; however, crystallized intelligence holds steady and can improve.

The "silent killer" refers to

hypertension.

What is the term for formal strategies for organizing material in ways that make it more likely to be remembered?

mnemonics

Which of the following are known as the "Big Five" major clusters of personality traits/characteristics?

neuroticism, extroversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness

The most common nutritional concern during adolescence is

obesity.

Research indicates that the fastest-growing segment of the population is the

oldest old.

Long-term stress, as opposed to short-term stress, affects humans in all of the following ways EXCEPT

stress directly leads to psychological disorders.

Boys who mature earlier are more apt to

succeed in school but be involved in delinquency Early maturation is generally positive for boys. Early maturing boys tend to be better at athletics, be more popular, have more positive self-esteem, and grow up to be more cooperative and responsible. On the other hand, these boys also are more likely to have school difficulties and are more likely to become involved in delinquency and substance abuse.

On the average, girls experience the growth spurt about

two years before boys do

The acknowledgement of the objective fact that one has experienced a death is called

voluntary active euthanasia

1. When medical staff act to end a person's life before death would normally occur, this is called

voluntary active euthanasia.

1What primary thing can middle-aged people do to improve their memory that takes relatively little effort?

write everything down